How do types of interaction and phases of self-regulated learning set a stage for collaborative engagement?

This study investigates how self-regulated learning phases are related to collaborative engagement in two different collaborative task conditions. It integrates SRL theory and the concept of engagement, including interaction in collaboration, as key characteristics of engagement. Forty-four second-year teacher education students worked in groups during a 7-week math didactic course. We collected 84 h of video recordings and coded the group's cognitive and socioemotional interaction and three phases of self-regulation within interaction, including forethought, performance and reflection. After that we analyzed the relationship between the interaction types representing collaborative engagement and SRL phases within two learning tasks. The results show that collaborative engagement did not differ between teacher-led and student-led tasks in terms of the interaction types. However, the results showed that the SRL phases occurred differently within cognitive and socioemotional interaction types when the two task conditions were compared. Findings concerning teacher-led tasks showed invariance in the occurrence of SRL phases across the task and highlighted the relationship between socioemotional interaction and the forethought phase. Additionally, findings concerning the student-led tasks showed systematic changes in the distribution of phases of SRL across sessions in all interaction types. Our results' theoretical and methodological implications for collaborative engagement research are discussed.     

I’ve got this: Fostering topic and technology-related emotional engagement and queer history knowledge with a mobile app

Little research has been conducted to differentiate between multiple, and frequently simultaneously available, discrete object foci in academic achievement situations that emotions can be generated from, including technology and academic topics. Using R. Pekrun’s control-value theory of achievement emotions and Sharples and colleagues’ Mobile Learning Theory, we examined whether appraisals of control over technology and task value predicted emotions directed toward using a mobile app (technology-related emotions) and queer history content (topic emotions). In turn, we examined whether technology-related and topic emotions predicted objective and subjective knowledge outcomes. The main results of this study that examined 57 undergraduate students at a Canadian University were the following: (1) Learners reported high mean levels of technological control over the app. (2) Relatively high mean levels of task value. (3) High mean levels of enjoyment and low mean levels of boredom across both technology-related and topic emotions. (4) Learners’ appraisals of task value contributed to multiple regression models that statistically significantly predicted all emotions; appraisals of control over technology contributed to the multiple regression model (along with task value) that statistically significantly predicted technology-related enjoyment. And (5) technology-related enjoyment and topic boredom contributed to multiple regression models that statistically significantly predicted perceived success of learning. Findings and implications are discussed from a critical-analytical perspective.     

Measuring teachers’ momentary affect: An exploratory experience sampling study

As researchers and school leaders increasingly recognize the importance of teachers’ emotions for both teachers and students, it is imperative that researchers document teachers’ affective experiences using ecologically valid methodologies. In this study, we use the experience sampling method to explore the momentary emotions of 238 teachers in two suburban school districts in the Northeast region of the United States. Using 1443 momentary affective reports, we report patterns in affect that emerged across the full sample of teachers, including the types of emotions teachers experienced most frequently and most intensely, as well as variance in momentary affective experiences, both within and across teachers. We consider ways in which professional role, professional activity, and affective appraisals relate to teachers’ momentary affective experiences, and conclude with a discussion of implications for future research and practice.     

多模态数据下混合协作学习者情感投入分析

情感投入在混合协作学习中发挥重要作用,厘清其作用机制是当前亟待解决的问题。混合协作学习场景下多模态情感计算技术的支持为更加精准地分析学习者情感投入提供了可能。文章从情感数据的多模态融合、情感发生的情境解释、情感状态的动态变化、情感发展的层级建构和情感反馈的调节干预五个层面构建了混合协作学习者情感投入的研究框架,并从改善混合协作学习过程和探索混合协作学习规律出发,阐述了混合协作学习者情感投入的分析路径。一方面,融合多模态数据,输出可视化的情感状态识别结果;根据环境、认知、行为、动机及任务等因素,进行情感归因;预防情感危机,采取反馈与调节措施。另一方面,探索情感投入与人际互动、学习资源、认知发展的关系,以期揭示混合协作学习的内在规律。     

Feeling good,learning better? Effectivity of an emotional design procedure in multimedia learning

Emotional designing describes the elicitation of positive affect during learning through specific design elements of the learning environment to enhance learning. This experimental study examined the effectivity of an emotional design procedure on learning performance. Moreover, the learner’s affective states before learning were taken into consideration as possible moderators. 145 university students learned for 20?min either in a multimedia positive affect inducing learning environment (n?=?85) or a neutral multimedia learning environment (n?=?60). The Affect was measured before, during, and after learning. Performance was tested afterwards. To control for possible confounding effects, achievement motivation, emotion regulation, and situational interest were measured. In contrast to earlier findings, no superiority effect of the emotional design procedure was found. Furthermore, the effectivity of the emotional design procedure was not moderated by student’s prior effective states. However, there was a main influence of student’s positive affect on transfer performance.     

协作学习活动结构设计研究

协作学习活动结构是对协作学习过程的一种设计、规划和描述。教师通过设计协作学习活动结构对协作学习过程实现隐性控制,促成协作学习有效发生。在阐述协作学习活动结构设计的流程和原则基础之上,系统建构了协作学习活动结构设计的任务分析、时序排列、角色定义和资源分配4种策略,并分析了协作学习活动结构化的局限。     

What lies beyond effectiveness and efficiency? Adventure learning design

Educational technology and instructional design research has focused on evaluating interventions and innovations in terms of their effectiveness, efficiency, and appeal. While such indicators of learning outcomes are important, designers should also strive for engaging, socially just, and transformational instruction. To illuminate the capabilities of adventure learning, we evaluate three such projects in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, engagement, social justice, and transformational capability. Findings indicate the diverse impact adventure learning has had on K-16 learners and teachers.     

Factors that deepen or attenuate decline of science utility value during the middle school years

Utility value is associated with positive learning outcomes in science and is often used to motivate engagement in the sciences, but less is known about what influences its development and maintenance, particularly during the critical middle school years. Using multinomial regression applied to longitudinal data from approximately 2600 middle-school students, we test the relationship of science classroom experiences (affective engagement, behavioral-cognitive engagement, & perceived success) and optional formal and optional informal experiences to changes in science utility value. Furthermore, we address whether the same factors that predict growth in utility value also predict absence of decline. Overall, we find all five factors are associated with changes in utility value, but some have different relationships with growth vs. decline outcomes. These findings provide a more nuanced view of factors associated with utility value towards science (both in and out of the science classroom), as well as practical implications for educational practice.     

基于项目的协作学习互动网络分析

互动分析是探究协作学习规律和把握协作学习过程变化的核心。通过七周的实验和运用SNA软件、Ucinet及SPSS进行数据处理与研究发现,整个社会网络的连接数、密度、互惠性、平均度、聚类系数等都有不同程度的提高;小组内高度互动,小组间互动较少;小组密度与小组绩效的相关性极为显著,凝聚子群密度在一定程度上可考察团体的互动情况,辅助判定协作学习是否有效发生;中心度能反映成员及小组的活跃程度,但和学习绩效没有直接关系。     

Evaluating the quality of peer and self evaluations as measures of student contributions to group projects

ABSTRACT

Educators in higher education commonly use peer and self evaluations to help assess student performance on group projects. Although these evaluations provide multiple benefits, many educators are wary of using them due to concerns about their quality. This study addresses three questions debated in the literature regarding the quality of these assessments. How much do students differentiate among peer contributions through their ratings? How reliable are peer ratings? How much agreement exists between peer and self ratings? Although these questions have been addressed to varying degrees in past work, their answers have been far from settled. While many studies focus on just one of the questions, this study’s data make it possible to address all three questions for the same group of students as well as examine each question by student performance level. The evaluations assessed in this study were completed by a large number of students under conditions associated with obtaining more valid and reliable ratings. Overall, the results provide support for using peer and self evaluations to help assess student contributions to group projects. Peer ratings were largely reliable as group members generally agreed on the scores given to their peers. In addition, most students differentiated among group member contributions through their ratings. Students also tended to rate themselves higher than their peers rated them. This study has implications for how peer and self evaluations can be most effectively used by educators to measure student performance in group work.