Levinas and an Ethics for Science Education

Despite claims that STS(E) science education promotes ethical responsibility, this approach is not supported by a clear philosophy of ethics. This paper argues that the work of Emmanuel Levinas provides an ethics suitable for an STS(E) science education. His concept of the face of the Other redefines education as learning from the other, rather than about the other. Extrapolating the face of the Other to the non‐human world suggests an ethics for science education where the goal of pedagogy is peace with each other and the world through the rupture, eros and justice that arises from openness to the demands of the world. Understanding the infinite responsibility of the invocation presented by the face of the Other radically reconceptualizes science education from STS(E) towards an E‐STS curriculum of responsiveness that critically employs the said of modern science and opportunities of experience to enable the next generation of citizens to act in peace to what the world is saying.     

伦理视野中的科学技术教育控制

为使科学技术在社会领域中的应用给人类创造更大价值,科学技术的应用是需要进行社会控制的,进行科学技术的社会控制可运用多种手段。文章从伦理视角出发,探讨了我国科学技术教育控制的必要性以及构建科学技术教育控制的几点伦理思考。     

Towards an Applied Cognitive Science Perspective in Education

The paper argues for the role of an applied cognitive science perspective in education. It outlines the nature of cognitive science, and discusses the relevance and inadequacy of the brains metaphor and the computing metaphor. The concept of parallel distributed processing, bolstered by the social construction of knowledge, provides powerful frameworks for the teaching and learning of basic school subjects.     

科学教育的重要途径—非正规学习

非正规学习在培养学生科学素质方面具有正规学习不可替代的重要作用。了解非正规学习的特点、规律和怎样影响人的科学素质的形成和发展对当前我国政府倡导的大力普及科学教育,提高全民,特别是未成年人的科学素质具有重大意义。非正规科学学习不仅能为学生提供丰富的认知冲突和社会互动机会,使他们建立起更加完善的知识结构,而且还能提高他们的科学论证能力。非正规学习是发展学生科学素质的必经之路。     

Promoting Self-Regulation in Science Education: Metacognition as Part of a Broader Perspective on Learning

The purpose of this article is to review recent research on self-regulated learning and discuss the implications of this research for science education. We draw on examples of self-regulated learning from the science education literature to summarise and illustrate effective instructional methods and the development of metacognitive understanding (Gunstone; 1999a; Rickey & Stacy, 2000; White & Mitchell, 1994). We also focus on the crucial role that metacognition plays in self-regulation (Baird & White, 1996; Nichols, Tippins, & Wieseman, 1997; White, 1998). We divide our discussion into two main parts. The first focuses on three components of self-regulated learning, including cognition, metacognition, and motivation. We relate these aspects of self-regulation to current practices in science education. The second section focuses on six general instructional strategies for improving self-regulation in the science classroom. We focus on the use of inquiry based learning, the role of collaborative support, strategy and problem solving instruction, the construction of mental models, the use of technology to support learning, and the role of personal beliefs such as self-efficacy and epistemological world views. These instructional strategies are selected because they reflect extensive research agendas over the last decade within the science education literature and are essential to metacognition and self-regulation (Butler & Winne, 1995; Gunstone, 1999b).     

Science Learning in Special Education: The Case for Constructed Versus Instructed Learning

Throughout the history of education, debate has existed between the relative merits of instructed versus constructed knowledge. In this article, we review our program of research in science education for students with disabilities in order to reveal some insights into this debate. We review research in science curriculum, mnemonic strategies, text-processing strategies, hands-on approaches, coached elaborations, “discovery” learning, correlates of effective inclusive science classrooms, and class-wide peer tutoring with differentiated curriculum enhancements. Overall, both instructed and constructed knowledge are important and can be facilitated with appropriate instructional strategies. Implications for practice and future research are provided.     

As Science Students Become Science Teachers: A Perspective on Learning Orientation

Journal of Science Teacher Education -     

Interactions of Economics of Science and Science Education: Investigating the Implications for Science Teaching and Learning

In recent years, there has been upsurge of interest in the applications of interdisciplinary perspectives on science in science education. Within this framework, the implications of the so-called “economics of science” is virtually an uncharted territory. In this paper, we trace a set of arguments that provide a dialectic engagement with two conflicting agendas: (a) the broadening of science education to include the contextual positioning of science including economical dimensions of science, and (b) the guarding of the proliferation and reinforcement of those aspects of economics of science such as commodification of scientific knowledge that embraces inequity and restricted access to the products of the scientific enterprise. Our aim is broadly to engage, as science education researchers, in the debates in economics of science so as to investigate the reciprocal interactions that might exist with science education. In so doing, we draw out some recommendations whereby the goals of science education might provide as much input into the intellectual debates within philosophy of science on issues related to the commercialisation and commodification of scientific knowledge. We explore some implications of commodification of science in the context of modelling and argumentation in science education.     

学习科学视域下的高等工程教育范式研究

我国高等工程教育在获得巨大发展的同时,也存在着质量不高、效果不佳等问题。本文从学习理论入手,分析传统学徒制在工程人才培养中的有效性所在,探究工程学习的机制和规律,论述建构主义学习理论对于高等工程教育的适用性,并以此理论为指引,对如何改进高等工程教育范式提出若干建议。     

Development and Implementation of Science and Technology Ethics Education Program for Prospective Science Teachers

The purposes of this study were (1) to develop a science and technology (ST) ethics education program for prospective science teachers, (2) to examine the effect of the program on the perceptions of the participants, in terms of their ethics and education concerns, and (3) to evaluate the impact of the program design. The program utilized problem-based learning (PBL) which was performed as an iterative process during two cycles. A total of 23 and 29 prospective teachers in each cycle performed team activities. A PBL-based ST ethics education program for the science classroom setting was effective in enhancing participants’ perceptions of ethics and education in ST. These perceptions motivated prospective science teachers to develop and implement ST ethics education in their future classrooms. The change in the prospective teachers’ perceptions of ethical issues and the need for ethics education was greater when the topic was controversial.     

论科学教育与人文教育的融合

分析了科学教育和人文教育的历史沿革,论述了科学教育和人文教育融合的必然性,对如何实现二者融合提出了见解.     

中小学科学探究学习平台的设计

从科学探究的基本理念出发,通过对国内外相关研究项目的调研,以及对科学探究支持软件的案例分析,总结它们的优缺点,构建了一个集科学探究学习活动管理与探究数据处理于一体的科学探究平台模型,并指出了该模型的应用前景。     

试析开放教育的学习小组活动

学习小组，是现代远程开放教育一种重要的教学组织形式。在强调以课程为单元，实行个别化、自主性学习时，不应忽视、否定共同学刁。不组班教学，不等于否定集体的教学组织形式。个别化自主性学习不应视为完全脱离学习组织、学校环境的封闭式个体学习，不等于自学。个别化自主学习应与远程开放教育环境下的共同学习并行不悖、互助互补。小组活动是构架个别化自主学习与共同学习的桥梁和纽带。本文对开放教育学习小组的组织形式、活动开展等方面展开分析。     

Learning by Ostension: Thomas Kuhn on Science Education

Significant claims about science education form an integral part of Thomas Kuhn's philosophy. Since the late 1950s, when Kuhn started wrestling with the ideas of normal research and convergent thought, the nature of science education has played an important role in his argument. Hence, the nature of science education is an essential aspect of the phase-model of scientific development developed in his famous The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, just as his later work on categories and conceptual structures takes its starting point in the transmission rather than the creation of concepts and categories.     

科学教育：生涯发展的视角

科学教育具有训练心智与提升实用技能的双重价值,它与生涯发展密切相关,尤其与生涯发展中的创业教育的关联更是紧密。以生涯发展来反思,受＂应试主义＂的影响,我国的科学教育与发达国家相比,无论是从课程设置还是培养目标来看,差距甚大,未来之路任重而道远。