Multicultural Career Counseling: Ten Essentials for Training

In the past 20 years, several changes have taken place within the field of counseling and psychology with regard to practice and research with individuals from racial/ethnic groups. At the same time, the United States population has experienced a dramatic shift in its composition. Both have contributed to transformations in graduate training. This article will highlight salient aspects from the multicultural literature regarding culturally competent practice and apply it to the training of vocational counselors.     

Sexual Orientation Bias Among Advanced Graduate Students of Counseling and Counseling Psychology

A videotape of a female client's stated sexual orientation was varied. Ratings indicated that female counseling students respected the lesbian client more than the heterosexual client.     

Teaching Graduate Career Classes: A National Survey of Career Instructors

Ninety‐one instructors reported their attitudes toward teaching a master's‐level career development course. The participants represented counseling programs in 41 states. The areas of focus included the theories taught, activities and assignments used, course evaluation processes, and advice the participants would offer to other instructors. Implications for counselor education and directions for future research are also discussed.     

Racial Group Membership and Multicultural Training: Examining the Experiences of Counseling and Counseling Psychology Students

This study documents various process elements of multicultural training from the perspective of counseling and counseling psychology students within the United States (US). Using a mixed-methods approach, findings indicate that racial group membership is an important variable that differentially impacts White students and students of Color while undertaking a multicultural counseling course. Results of a principal components analysis revealed four components associated with racial group membership, including negative racial experiences and salience of racial diversity. Findings from a grounded theory analysis identified five overarching themes including intense emotional experiences, representing one’s racial group, and issues of safety impacting course experience. Implications for training and future research are offered.     

浅谈大学生职业生涯规划教育指导

当今大学生就业竞争日益激烈,而目前高校对大学生职业生涯规划教育指导严重缺失。本文对大学生在校职业生涯规划状况进行简要分析,并提出一些建设性意见。     

Innovations in Career Counseling

The work world is now full of uncertainty and change as a result of forces such as globalization, downsizing, advancing technology, and increased diversity in the work force. Further, people cannot count on maintaining a job with one company, or even one career, throughout their work lives. In order to meet clients' needs, career counselors must utilize approaches that are compatible with these realities. We review a set of approaches for career counseling that should be effective for clients now and into the future. Specifically, we argue for a holistic approach to career counseling, use of the Personal Career Theory as a client-centered approach to counseling sessions, incorporating creative interventions that draw upon chance events and flexible decision-making, and an emphasis on building interpersonal skills and relationships. We conclude with a summary of recommendations for career counseling practice.     

传统职业指导理论简评

传统职业指导理论主要包括两大类:匹配模式和过程模式,本文介绍不同理论流派的发展概况;不同理论流派对职业指导实践的启示:强调人职之间的符合性、强调指导的有效性;以及传统职业指导理论中存在的问题:静态理论与动态社会的矛盾、缺乏对"主体我"的研究.     

Counseling Women: A Graduate Master's Degree Specialization for Training Mental Health Professionals to Work with Women

This article describes a unique master's level specialization for counselors of women and highlights the rationale for instituting this specialized training program, the training format, the program curriculum, and the evaluation methods employed. Also included is a discussion of the systemic implication of such training as it affects those being trained, the training institution itself, and the delivery of mental health services.     

Career Dilemmas in Career Counseling Groups: Theoretical and Practical Issues

A career dilemma is a hypothetical or real situation in which a character is confronted with several career options each of which has advantages and disadvantages. The main purpose of presenting and discussing a dilemma in career counseling groups is to confront several appraisals of the situation in order to promote more complex thinking about career choices. Another important aim of this technique is to enhance interaction between group members and to analyze similar career dilemmas that the group participants have experienced in the past. The use of the discussion of career dilemmas is described, especially the role of the career counselor, and some suggestions for future research are presented.     

研究生培养模式刍议

研究生培养模式是人才培养模式的特殊形式之一 ,它由培养目标、培养过程和培养评价三个子系统构成 ,具有系统性、相对稳定性、变革性和开放性。     

一例职业生涯咨询的案例报告

全面介绍了一例生涯咨询来访者的临床特征、症状表现、个人成长史。对其原因从生物、社会、心理三个方面进行分析。使用职业生涯咨询技术帮助其形成较为清晰的生涯目标,采用"空椅"技术处理不同选择之间的冲突,使用合理情绪疗法改变其不合理的信念,并采用放松疗法缓解其焦虑情绪。经过每周一次,一共八次的咨询,来访者的症状得以改善,问题得以初步解决。     

Expertise in Counseling Psychology: A Concept in Search of Support

Despite the documented efficacy of counseling, evidence supporting a claim of expertise among counseling practitioners is found to be lacking. A review of selected literature finds that counselors frequently hold inacurate or biased cognitive schemata concerning clients and engage in faulty reasoning regarding clients' concerns—producing clinical judgments that appear no better than those of less experienced individuals (novices). The concept of expertise in counseling may be justified if clinical judgment is viewed as an ill-structured problem and the criterion for judging expertise is changed from enhanced clinical accuracy to one of enhanced clinical certainty.     

Constructivist Assessment in Career Counseling

A constructivist approach to assessment in career counseling presents an opportunity for counselors to gain insight into clients' stories, amplify clients' self-awareness, and develop with clients a future orientation through action steps. The author presents four strategies for constructivist assessment using The Storied Approach (Brott, 2001) as the framework for the counseling process. The four constructivist assessment strategies include the life line, card sorts, life roles circles, and the goal map.     

应用心理学专业咨询心理学课程建设初探

应用心理学专业开设的咨询心理学课程应根据中国文化特点、社会需求、专业定位确定课程目标,优化课程内容,强化学生应用技能的培养;在教学中应采用体现本课程专业特点的教学方法:案例分析法、角色扮演法、团体心理训练法、观察学习法等.     

文化心理学中的心理咨询

自心理咨询从西方引进中国,就一直没有摆脱西方固有价值观。心理咨询的科学化、中立化仍然是中国心理咨询界追寻的目标。但是,文化心理学的兴起却强烈地冲击了心理咨询的这种价值取向。文化心理学认为不存在放之四海而皆准的真理,自然也不可能有普世的价值观,文化是社会中人建构的结果,而心理咨询更是基于本土文化上的一种心理调试技巧。因此,心理咨询推广和开展的原则不应当是价值中立,心理咨询的历史文化建构和本土化才是提高心理咨询有效性的必然之路。     

Counseling Psychology in China: Past and Present

Ancient Chinese philosophers were interested in ways to promote psychological development and they made significant contributions, particularly in the area of mental testing. In the twentieth century the Chinese focused on behavioral psychology, and the field suffered a great setback during Mao’s Cultural Revolution. However, more recently, psychology has received governmental support, and psychologists in China today are rapidly developing the field of counseling psychology. This paper puts Chinese psychology in historical context and describes many current practices and needs regarding counseling psychology.     

高职院校开展就业指导工作的几点思考

根据目前国内就业形势的需要及职业教育就业指导的现状,高职教育就业指导应做到：办学定位准确,合理制定符合实际的就业指导课程体系;形成全程就业指导体系,突破“短期培训”的模式;改变现有的指导方式,加强实践教育和案例分析;加强就业指导从业人员队伍的建设;充分利用网络提供就业信息,提高就业指导能力.