面向知识共享的协同政务组织模式

文章将跨区域突发事件应急联动网络作为协同政务知识共享的典型案例,对其组织模式及组织保障因素 进行了分析,指出应急协同网络是几个地区的政府部门协同应对突发事件的知识协同网,其中,突发事件应急联动体 系的一级协同网络构成知识型虚拟政府,二、三级协同网络可以视为政府知识协同团队,应急协同网络的正常运行需 要以良好的组织结构、信任机制、学习机制和知识共享文化等为组织保障。     

项目型科研团队的执行特征分析

科研团队是协同开展科学研究的基本单元,科研团队的人员结构、执行效率、合作方式等都会对科研活动效果产生重要影响。在提出科研项目团队执行特征的分析模型的基础上,以国家自然科学基金项目两个学科的项目团队为例,对以项目形式组建的科研团队的合作特征与人员贡献、产出效率等进行关联分析,归纳不同类型团队在执行项目过程中的特点和优势。研究结论可为科技计划项目科学管理和分类评价等提供参考。     

高校科研团队和信息服务团队伙伴关系管理探析

伙伴关系管理是伙伴实现战略协同目标的关键。本文从构建科研和信息服务团队伙伴关系的可行性和必要性出发,采用契约与信任结合的管理方法,建立基于理想信任一文化的伙伴关系及其过程模型,探讨提高团队成员科研能力的建议。     

成功参考咨询虚拟团队组织结构特征分析

介绍了参考咨询虚拟团队产生的背景及参考咨询虚拟团队的内涵．并着重分析了成功参考咨询虚拟团队所应具有的动态的弹性组织结构、扁平化的组织模式、柔性化的组织架构、开放多样化的组织边界、网络化的组织关系、信任和契约并存的组织管理方式等组织结构特征,以期为参考咨询虚拟团队的建设提供有益的借鉴。     

ChatGPT浪潮下媒介生态系统演化的再认知——基于自组织涌现范式的分析

ChatGPT带来的深度智能化浪潮,深刻匹配于“分布式社会”所带来的权力弥散与更迭,这种结构性变化将从传播权力下沉、情感要素深化以及传播信任的重塑等方面促成媒介生态的深刻变革。自组织涌现范式有助于理解智能互联时代下媒介复杂系统重塑的内在机制和媒介系统从机械型组织到涌现型组织的核心要义。在这一视角下,我们需厘清媒介生态系统演化背后的自组织涌现机理,在动态开放的媒介协同中“,以人为本”的核心思想形成涨落基核,人与机器之间的非线性相互作用,促成价值实现涌现新质,在媒介生态圈节点的协同演化中实现媒介生态系统和社会文明组织生态的超循环演化。     

跨学科团队协同知识创造中的知识类型和互动过程研究——来自重大科技工程创新团队的案例分析

以跨学科团队为研究对象,取景于钱学森系统科学研讨团队和航天某创新团队,探讨协同知识创造中的知识类型和互动过程问题。在知识类型上,团队协同知识创造不仅对与任务直接相关的主题知识进行探讨,还依托于与任务并不直接相关的非主题知识,达成对不同学科主题知识的解释和理解,同时促进团队成员之间的互动沟通和共识达成。在互动过程中,跨学科团队通过知识表述、知识解释、知识涌现和知识建构4个过程,实现新知识的协同创造。主要贡献是引入哲学家哈贝马斯的主题知识和非主题知识这一概念划分,建构团队协同知识创造过程模型。     

基于知识管理的图书馆新型知识团队构建研究

对知识管理环境下图书馆新型知识团队的构建进行了研究.论述了新型知识团队现阶段及未来的职责,以及新型知识团队员工在图书馆中担任的角色.新型知识团队员工应具备的素质是,要有专业技能、要有沟通表达能力、要有管理技能、要有团队技能、要有IT技术.图书馆应如何构建新型知识团队?一是要有有效的领导力;二是要建立行之有效的员工招聘和挽留政策;三是要建立促进协同合作的组织文化;四是要建立员工知识.     

面向关键核心技术攻关的知识生态系统：融合、演化、协同与冲击

知识生态系统的构建有利于知识共享、技术共用、人才交流,以及提升技术创新体系能力。通过探究知识生态系统的协同、演化、融合与冲击可以打破知识主体之间彼此分割、各自为政的局面,改变传统攻关组织实施模式,协同关键核心技术攻关。本文结合知识生态系统和多重螺旋理论,根据关键核心技术特点以及攻关现状,构建了面向关键核心技术的技术演化路径、知识主体协同模式,分析了环境冲击对知识主体的影响,并形成知识生态系统。最后,研究利用DICE (distribution, interaction, competition, and evolution)模型解释知识生态系统运行机理,以量子信息技术为例研究其适用性,为关键核心技术攻关新型组织模式的构建提供思路。     

产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移影响因素模型分析

[目的/意义]识别产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移的主要影响因素,建立知识转移影响因素模型,以期提高知识转移效能,推动产学研协同创新能力。[方法/过程]以团队效能理论为基础,以产学研协同创新团队为研究对象,使用定性研究的方法,构建产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移影响因素的"I-P-O"理论模型;通过对各变量研究维度的科学界定,构建知识转移影响因素的概念模型;通过各个影响因素之间的路径分析,最终构建知识转移影响因素的关系模型。[结果/结论]构建了包含转移意愿、输出能力、学习能力、先验知识、知识模糊性、渠道丰富性、信任水平、制度协同、政府政策9个自变量,沟通质量、创新支持2个中介变量,知识分享程度、知识吸收能力2个因变量在内的产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移影响因素模型。     

基于科研合作网络演化的个体网络生命过程分析

将复杂网络的研究方法引入到科研合作网络的研究中,为分析和评价科研人员提供了一个新途径.文章以合作网络为背景,微观深入地研究了科研合作网络中个体成员的网络生命特性,从全局网络和局部社团演化的角度定量分析个体网络生命过程对网络发展的影响.文章以大量的科技文献数据为实验数据集,以网络演化为线索跟踪个体成员的生命过程,同时考虑网络演化中的普通成员和核心成员对社团演化的不同影响,定量分析演化特性和个体网络生命过程.数据分析证实了科研团队要持续不断地发展,既要不断吸纳新成员为科研团队注入新活力,同时又要有相对稳定的中坚力量维持着团队的科研方向.更进一步地,文章的研究方法可以扩展到对其他社会组织分析,追踪分析相关组织的发展趋势及关键人物对组织演化的影响.     

British Writings on Romania: From Travel Accounts to Studies

This article surveys a sample of sources of the information about Romania available to British readers in nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals. It traces first contacts between the Romanian lands and Britain after the union of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859, then after their independence from the Ottoman Empire. The article highlights an increased Romanian interest in British periodicals, which reported and reviewed Romanian literature and scholarship. The article concludes that nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals offer a great variety and wealth of new material previously unavailable or unknown to researchers. It also states that only a portion of a large quantity of this material has been indexed and is therefore available via the bibliographic sources mentioned in the article. The author argues for the need of a new and updated British-Romanian bibliography, which can draw on new online resources offering access to thousands of new newspapers and periodical records.     

Slavic Approval Plans: What Works and What Doesn't

ABSTRACT

The paper looks at library approval plans for material published in Slavic, East European, and Eurasian countries from the selector's point of view. Reasons why a selector would or would not want one are examined. Success with approval plans requires monitoring receipts, as well as good and ongoing communication among the selector, the acquistions department, and the vendor. A preliminary list of vendors offering approval plans for the countries of the region appears in the appendix.     

由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变——对武汉科技信息服务平台建设的思考

为进一步提升武汉科技信息共享服务平台使用效率,本文从平台资源建设、资源应用、供需对接方式和供需特点等方面分析了武汉科技信息资源服务现状;基于需求和利用的角度,结合平台管理实践和走访用户、问卷调查等研究方法,从信息资源需求主体和平台自身建设管理两个维度,找出制约科技资源供需对接的主要因素;以市场化和制度化为创新理念,从政策创新、机制创新、市场化服务、环境营造、人才培养等方面提出平台建设由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变的对策建议.     

Politicking for the Public Library

ABSTRACT

In today's current political environment raising support for millage renewals, bond campaigns or even millage continuations for public libraries is affected by national politics, and a tendency towards tax aversion on principle across the country. The lessons we can learn from the governing boards of small and rural public libraries are worth raising up to a greater national consciousness. Board governance, community consciousness, and facilities management are clear and logical tools that elected boards of public libraries can use to politick for support of libraries.     

Architectures of Knowledge and Literary Tradition: A History of the Almanac in Croatia

ABSTRACT

The history of the almanac in Croatia is reconstructed through primary research in bibliographic and archival sources. The almanac is a vehicle for knowledge communication in informal contexts, engaging both oral tradition and literary forms traceable to medieval literacy and ways of structuring knowledge. The history of the almanac in Croatia reflects the changing context of the book trade, literacy, and the evolution of language. Four main stages are identified: (1) the beginning of the annual almanac in the seventeenth century; astrological almanacs reflecting the sensibility of the Baroque period; (2) the Enlightenment's stimulation of almanac publishing in the spirit of contemporary secular reforms in agriculture and education; (3) nineteenth-and twentieth-century almanac trade, showing complex and overlapping networks for the production, distribution and appropriation of printed almanacs;(4) roughly the end of World War II, when the almanac slowly moved out of the role of a popular mass medium and into specialized niches represented by regional, diaspora, and religious almanacs.     

基于文献时间特征的学科主题演化分析方法研究 ——以图书情报学领域为例

在分析文献在不同研究阶段用词时间特征的倾向性基础上,提出一种基于主题模型的研究发展阶段识别方法。重点阐述该方法的构建过程,包括时间特征抽取、发展阶段界定、主题冷热变化分析等步骤。为验证该方法的有效性,针对词频统计法和主题模型方法在主题演化分析中的效果进行比较分析。结果表明,该方法能在识别主题热点和发展趋势的同时,有效地区分不同主题所反映的研究发展阶段。     

How Digital Content Resellers are Impacting Trade Book Publishing

Some key questions for publishers in today’s market are: Could Amazon’s recent merger and acquisitions strategy create a disruptive or paradigm shifting business model in the publishing industry? Do their recent actions post mergers and acquisitions illustrate a predicable pattern of behaviour that publishers can strategize around? This paper will explore these questions and look at some of the possible reasons behind Amazon’s business practices and the possible consequences to publishers.     

Germany's New Culture of Welcome—Our Libraries are an Essential Part of it

ABSTRACT

German authorities are expecting more than 1 million refugees by the end of 2015. These people come to Germany to seek protection and assistance and to build a new life, therefore it is important to welcome them and to assist them in their integration as soon as possible. This situation creates a versatile and perfectly fitting opportunity for cultural and educational programs, including libraries, which can play a vital role in this integration process. The key to integration is the knowledge of the German language, and the most important challenge now is to teach the necessary language skills to as many asylum-seekers as possible.     

Syndicating Rich Bibliographic Metadata Using MODS and RSS

Abstract

Many libraries use RSS to syndicate information about their collections to users. A survey of 65 academic libraries revealed their most common use for RSS is to disseminate information about library holdings, such as lists of new acquisitions. Even though typical RSS feeds are ill suited to the task of carrying rich bibliographic metadata, great potential exists for developing applications that can exploit metadata exposed to Web services via RSS. Using the MODS metadata format, entire catalog records can be seamlessly embedded in RSS 2.0 feeds. Existing tools, such as Library of Congress Java toolkits and XSLT stylesheets, can facilitate this process, while a new XSLT stylesheet may be used to create the RSS feeds complete with MODS records. As an example of the added functionality these MODS/RSS feeds can offer, records from a MODS-enriched RSS feed can be ingested into a non-RSS application such as Zotero. As more emerging library technologies use Web services architectures to handle data objects, the ability to syndicate catalog records will become more critical to providing innovative library Web services.     

Selling Women on PDAs from “Simply Palm” to “Audrey”: How Moore's Law Met Parkinson's Law in the Kitchen

This essay investigates key moments in the history of personal digital assistant (PDA) marketing to women. Analyzing promotional texts for three PDAs that received considerable press coverage from 1999 to 2001, this essay explores the cultural significance of the convergence of anxieties about women's place in the gendered division of labor with the computer industry's changing marketing imperatives. Drawing on an array of promotional texts, including news articles, press releases, promotional Web sites, and ads appearing in newspapers and magazines, this paper tells the story of how the computer industry aimed to sell smaller, faster computing devices to women while promising to mediate and thus reproduce women's overwork as paid and familial laborers. After experimenting with the PDA as a sexy fashionable gadget for working women, marketers approached women as mothers with “Audrey,” an Internet appliance designed for the kitchen.