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KAISA AUNOLA JARI-ERIK NURMI MARJA-KRISTIINA LERKKANEN HELENA RASKU-PUTTONEN 《教育心理学》2003,23(4):403-421
This study aimed to investigate the developmental dynamics between children's mathematical performance, the task-focused versus task-avoidant behaviours they show in the classroom, and their parents' beliefs concerning their school competence. The mathematical performance of 111 six- to seven-year-old children was tested, and their task-focused versus task-avoidant behaviours were rated by their teachers four times during their first school year. Parents filled in questionnaires measuring their skill-specific and general beliefs about their children's school competencies at the beginning and at the end of the school year. The results showed that parents' beliefs in their children's general school competence increased their children's task-focused behaviours at school, which further predicted the child's high level of maths performance. Parents' beliefs in their children's competence in mathematics, in turn, contributed directly to the children's high mathematical performance. Moreover, children's high performance increased parents' subsequent beliefs in their children's mathematical competence, whereas children's task-focused behaviours predicted parents' beliefs in their children's overall school performance. 相似文献
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Elaine Boehme 《The Journal of perinatal education》2008,17(4):4-7
A young mother shares the stories of her two sons'' births. Her first birth experience was complicated by muscle spasms and changes in her baby''s heart rate during labor and, later, by medical problems with her baby in the days after birth. The mother''s strength and commitment shine through at every twist and turn during labor and the days after her son''s birth. Two years later, in contrast to her first son''s birth, the mother''s second son was born so quickly that labor presented a different set of challenges. The mother''s confidence in birth and in herself are essential facets of the stories of the births of her two sons. 相似文献
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Theresa S. Chang 《Psychology in the schools》1976,13(1):111-113
One hundred ninety-eight pupils from fourth, fifth, and sixth grades were studied to determine the relationship between children's self-concept, academic achievement, and teacher's rating of children's self-concept. The differences between grade levels, sex, and ethnic group membership were tested by analysis of variance. Significant correlations were found between child's self-concept and teacher's rating of child's self-concept, and between teacher's rating of child's self-concept and child's academic achievement. Significant ethnic group differences were found in self-concept, academic achievement, and teacher's rating of self-concept in this study, with interethnic groups showing the higher scores. 相似文献
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The present study investigates the validity of a 4‐point rating scale used to measure the level of preschool children's orientation to literacy during shared book reading. Validity was explored by (a) comparing the children's level of literacy orientation as measured with the Children's Orientation to Book Reading Rating Scale (COB) with a teacher's rating of a child's level of attention and effortful control on the Children's Behaviour Questionnaire (CBQ), and (b) computing the predictive validity of a child's COB rating with overall levels of emergent literacy at the end of the preschool school year. This study involved 46 preschool children from low‐income backgrounds; children's literacy orientation was rated during a group teacher‐led book reading. Children's ratings of literacy orientation during shared book reading using the global 4‐point COB scale were significantly correlated with teacher ratings of a child's attention and effortful control as measured on the CBQ. Hierarchical regression results indicated children's literacy orientation significantly predicted children's end‐of‐year alphabet knowledge and overall emergent reading skills above and beyond the variance contributed by children's language skills and family income. The validity of a global rating for indexing children's level of literacy orientation was supported. Educational implications and recommendations for the COB as a component of early literacy assessment are discussed. 相似文献
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众所周知,毛泽东在新民主主义革命时期就已经开始探索中国未来的政治发展道路,并在实践中逐步形成了系统的民主政治理论,成为毛泽东整个思想理论体系中的重要组成部分,整理和发掘毛泽东在民主革命时期的民主政治思想便是一个比较复杂而有意义的过程。首先,从理论源流的角度来看,毛泽东民主政治思想既是对中国传统封建政治思想优秀成分的吸收,也有西方近代资产阶级的民主成分,同时马克思主义的政治理论也是其思想的重要来源;其次,毛泽东思想并不是仅仅停留于理论的阐述,而是付诸了我国新民主主义革命和社会主义建设时期的民主政治实践,在实践中经受检验了的毛泽东民主政治思想,使得我们能够根据实践来总结其优缺点;最后,我国现在仍然以毛泽东思想作为指导思想,研究毛泽东的民主政治思想,反思其优缺点,对于加强中国现阶段的民主法制建设仍然具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Candace Barrington 《Educational theory》2014,64(5):463-477
Through the comparative study of non‐Anglophone translations of Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales, we can achieve the progressive goals of Emily Apter's “translational transnationalism” and Edward Said's “cosmopolitan humanism.” Both translation and humanism were intrinsic to Chaucer's initial composition of the Tales, and in turn, both shaped Chaucer's later reception, often in ways that did a disservice to his reputation and his verse. In this essay, Candace Barrington argues that comparative translation provides a means whereby new modes of translation, like Apter's, can promote a different version of humanism, like Said's; she demonstrates this process in a brief philological study of Nazmi A??l's Turkish translation of The Squire's Tale. While we can see the infusion of Turkish values and perspectives in the new text, we can also see that the Turkish reveals new insights into Chaucer's subtle and nuanced use of language. 相似文献
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“走出去”已成为中国教育对外开放的重要方向。从战略构建的角度看,“中国教育走出去”亟须回应四个基本问题:其一,从传统中国的文化信仰,当代中国的现实利益以及可能产生的国际贡献中寻求“走出去”的重要意义;其二,界定作为抽象主体的国家与作为行动主体的政府、教育组织、企业、非政府组织所应扮演的角色;其三,在资源与知识的二元分类框架中理解“中国教育走出去”的内容载体,并推进其由硬投入向软影响转变;其四,充分利用有效的国际机制,拓展“中国教育走出去”的路径。 相似文献
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人民主权是政治哲学研究的核心内容,也是社会发展和政治文明进步的标志。卢梭从资本主义私有制造成人类社会不平等的角度提出了人民主权理论,强调了人民主权的不可分割、不可代表和至高无上性。卢梭的人民主权思想对马克思权力思想的形成产生了重要影响,其关于法律、政府和主权的论述是马克思建立人民主权国家的理论基础。但是,卢梭的人民主权思想并未跳出时代的限制,本质上是一种抽象的、理想主义的设想。马克思的人民主权思想从物质生产和物质生产关系中现实的人出发,对实现主权在民的社会理想提出了现实的方法论指导,是对卢梭思想的超越和发展。 相似文献
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Parents (N = 97) and their child's class‐teachers were instructed to rate the child's potential for improvement in mathematics and Finnish. The results showed that there was a moderate correlation between the parents' and teachers' ratings. The parents rated their child's potential more optimistically than the teachers did. Views of malleability may be seen as a potentially important factor in defining the child's educability. 相似文献
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《Journal of moral education》2012,41(3):201-213
Abstract: Kohlberg's system of moral judgment development has some important links with Piaget's work on moral judgment, though Piaget's work is not the only influence on Kohlberg's ideas. Piaget's system of moral growth is briefly examined, and the extent to which subsequent research has validated it, is noted, thus placing Kohlberg in a historical context. The ways in which Kohlberg extends or departs from Piaget's system of moral growth are examined. The concept of stages and the nature and processes of stage development are discussed, and in this context the relationship between Kohlberg's moral development and Piaget's cognitive development is examined. It is concluded on the basis both of logic and evidence that the relationship, although complex rather than isomorphic, is likely to hold considerable potential for future research. 相似文献
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围绕列宁的"四月转向"及其限度问题,讨论季诺维也夫对托洛茨基"不断革命论"的批判。文章从是否存在列宁的"四月转向"(俄国革命是二阶段抑或一阶段)、"四月转向"中的农民问题、列宁"四月转向"的限度(托洛茨基在列宁身后对"不断革命论"的完成)三个方面加以论述,从而澄清了列宁在二月革命后的理论变化及其与"不断革命论"的关系。 相似文献
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《ASHE Higher Education Report》2005,31(4):1-137
Conceptualizing the Master's Degree The Evolution of the Master's Degree A Century of Reform Federal Aid and Quality Control Professionalizing Graduate Education The European Model of Professionalization The Changing Demographics of Master's Students Curricular Models of Master's Education Degree Diversity and Disciplinary Taxonomies Alternative Delivery Systems Reframing Master's Education Major Professional Programs Business Accounting Education Professionalizing Science and Engineering The Biosciences Degree Diversity: The Professional Science Master's and the Master of Bioscience Degrees The Geosciences The Chemical Sciences Physics Engineering S&E Degrees in Context Mixed Trends in the Humanities and Social Sciences Humanistic Studies Social Sciences Interdisciplinary Fields Redesigning Master's Degrees for the Marketplace Globalization and the Marketplace Convergence of Academic and Professional Fields Accountability Mandates and Quality Control Transformative Technological Advances Conclusions Notes References Name Index Subject Index About the Author 相似文献
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在当代文坛上贾大山如同一位隐居者,面对时髦的文学创作潮流他很少附和与追随,他始终有自己的聚焦点和写作重心,这就是中国最普通的老百姓。他始终如一地以民生立场锤炼认知、以悲悯情怀关注民生百态,在历史、现世、未来的经纬中言说百姓生活的悲欢哀乐,通过与政治的理性对话进行现世民生的思索,通过对历史的感伤重温探究民生之苦的根源,通过对民间美德的描绘呼唤理想的民生状态。朴素而浓烈的民生关怀构筑了贾大山小说的独特风景,在新时代强调文艺创作的人民主体性之际,重温贾大山的小说既是一种缅怀,也是一种启迪。 相似文献
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《Journal of moral education》2012,41(2):87-95
Abstract This paper uses Durkheim's critique of Kant to criticize Kohlberg's theory of morality. After examining the applicability of Durkheim's criticism of Kant's definition of morality to Kohlberg's equation of morality with justice structures, it explores Durkheim's psychological views on emotional and dispositional aspects of morality, which are typically neglected by Kantians. Some standard criticisms of Durkheim's moral theory are re‐examined and the argument is advanced that Durkheim's social ethic is substantively at Stage Six on Kohlberg's developmental schema. Several modifications of Kohlberg's theory are proposed, using Durkheimian insights. 相似文献
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Harald R⊘rvik 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(3):99-124
Abstract:R?rvik, H. 1980. A Comparison of Piaget's and Kohlberg's Theories and Tests for Moral Judgment. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research 25,99‐124. Piaget's and Kohlberg's theories for moral judgment are compared. On the basis of this comparison, hypotheses are formulated regarding expected relationships between the tests constructed on the basis of the two theories. The empirical testing of these hypotheses indicates that there are marked similarities between Piaget's and Kohlberg's tests as to characteristics measured, power of discrimination between age levels, and in the stage placement of subjects. The main differences between the tests seem to be that Piaget's test is most influenced by the personal relationship to other persons. Contrary to the impression given by the theorist himself, Kohlberg's test seems to a larger extent to measure the subjects’ norms and emotional reactions connected to inter‐nalization of norms. Moral behavior is more closely related to Kohlberg's measure. 相似文献
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Catherine H. Palczewski 《Quarterly Journal of Speech》2016,102(2):107-132
During the spring of 1919, the National Woman's Party sponsored the Prison Special, a cross-country train tour of 26 white women who had been jailed as a result of their protest activity for woman suffrage. Using visual, embodied, and verbal enactments of imprisonment and civic action, the Prison Special constituted white women's citizenship through simultaneous rhetorics of inclusion and expulsion. The Prison Special's foregrounding of white women's martial capabilities, respectability, and vulnerability justified white women's inclusion in the category of citizen. The Prison Special's contrast of the imprisoned white suffragists to Black women co-prisoners participated in the expulsion of Black women from the category of citizen. 相似文献
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李大钊非常关注民生问题,如何改善民生是贯穿他一生的思考主题之一。李大钊的民生思想经历了从传统思想影响下对民生的关注,到主张资本主义民主政体下用国家政策改善民生,再到马克思主义革命理论指导下进行社会主义革命彻底改革民生的转变历程,发生了根本质变。这种质变体现于关注范畴、主客体转变及解决途径等方面。李大钊民生思想是中国共产党早期民生思想的重要组成部分,具有重要的历史意义。 相似文献