“你懂的”流行语的模因论解读

模因论是近年引进我国的解释文化进化规律的新理论。模因在流行语的传播过程中发挥着重要作用,将模因用于流行语分析,能为流行语的复制和传播提供新的研究视角。在模因论的视阈下,解读"你懂的"模因的复制传播过程及意义演变方式,体现文化进化的规律。"你懂的"使用频率之高,范围之大,足以具备强势模因的特性,能成为强势模因与其在使用过程中产生的修辞效应也密不可分。     

从模因论视角分析句式“不是A,而是B”--以刘震云小说《一句顶一万句》为例

《一句顶一万句》中,句式“不是A,而是B”的重复运用体现了语言模因的特点,但这种句式模因的复制、传播并不是完全常规的,往往伴随一些模因变体的出现。语言模因“不是A,而是B”的复制传播主要有以下三种模因形式：基因型模因、表现型模因和基因表现型。这些模因句式往往能产生预期与反预期效果、零度语言、拧巴与“绕”等特殊的修辞效果,同时这些变体模因也能让读者感悟到另类的生存哲学。     

A Computational Approach to Assessing Rhetorical Effectiveness: Agentic Framing of Climate Change in the Congressional Record, 1994–2016

The goal of this paper is to consider rhetorical effects as the propagation of rhetorical expressions across large sets of texts, measured by the extent to which rhetorical expressions, structures, or practices become replicated in texts and sites of rhetorical in(ter)vention. The paper draws on lines of scholarship in the digital humanities and computational rhetoric – primarily, sequential structuring of semantic contexts, semantic parsing of unstructured text, and diachronic tracking of textual expressions – to extend their conceptual and methodological insights into a computational framework for assessing rhetorical effectiveness. It offers a test case for this concept through an analysis of how Congress has framed human agency toward addressing climate change.     

构建网络化虚拟仪器关键技术研究

介绍了网络化虚拟仪器技术和构建网络化虚拟仪器所采用结构模式,结构模式包含了B/S模式和C/S模式,结合二者的优缺点提出混合C/B/S模式.探讨在Lab Windows/CVI环境下,网络化虚拟仪器的实现方式,重点研究了基于Data Socket技术构建的远程测控结构,并利用该结构通过编程得以实现,得到了预期效果.最后分析网络化虚拟仪器技术的优势,指出网络化虚拟仪器是测控领域发展的必然趋势.     

模因论视角下手机短信语言变异取向分析

手机短信语言在使用过程中产生了显著的变异,并形成口语化、简缩化、修辞化三大变异取向。这是语言模因之间竞争的结果,强势模因和强势模因复合体的成功复制与传播则是这三大变异取向形成的主要推动力。     

模因论视角下的词汇搭配变异研究

模因论是基于达尔文进化论的观点解释文化进化规律的新理论,它可以帮助我们揭示语言发展的一般规律,为研究语言,尤其是研究语言的变异提供了新的视角。词汇搭配变异作为语言变异的重要组成部分,其规律同样可以在模因论指导下得到研究。本文从模因论的视角出发,对词汇搭配变异的语义变化、修辞特点和语境认知功能三个方面进行了分析,认为以模因为形式的词汇搭配变异是语言进化和发展的一种重要方式。     

Memes and symbolic violence: #proudboys and the use of memes for propaganda and the construction of collective identity

ABSTRACT

As a social media platform, Instagram has a strong influence on youth culture, identity, and perceptions of the world, with the application serving not only for youth to follow accounts that are aspirational but also for entertainment and identity building through memes. Meme accounts that are explicitly conservative and that espouse white supremacist, hateful ideology and subsequently, identity, are incredibly prevalent. Media serve as powerful institutions for the socialization of youth, and content on the platform reveals that memes are serving as building blocks of ideological meaning. This study conducted a discourse analysis of the memes and content circulated by the alt-right affiliate movement the ‘Proud Boys,’ which is being sold to young men as a fraternity-like organization to celebrate ‘Western ideals’. Proud Boys operate on an ideology that consists of both symbolic and physical violence, and the popularity of these groups is growing. Using Bourdieu’s work on language as a framework, this article is an exploration to their recruitment and world-building practices on Instagram using memes and will be necessary to understand the movement, and to gain further insight into how memes are being used as propaganda.     

利用32位Win98API在VB6中实现串行通信

API是内置在Win95和Win98中专门为各种流行开发工具提供的应用程序接口。在Win95和Win98中 ,其 32位串行通信机制相对于 1 6位的Windows 3.x已作了改进和标准化。本文结合实例从调用API接口的角度 ,具体阐述了一种基于事件驱动机制的串口查询法来实现串行通信的思路     

语言模因与PK的流行

语言模因是模因的语言表达形式,是人类语言和思想传播的基本模式,在语言的发展和传播中起了非常重要的作用。PK是在2005年迅速流行起来的一个词汇。文章从PK出现的时代背景入手,运用语言模因论的观点,分析了人们对该词的心理认知,同时指出该词出现的必然性以及对该词进行规范使用的必要性。     

探讨多媒体在英语修辞教学中的作用

英语修辞学是英语专业的一门高级课程。多媒体的应用给这门课程的教学带来了革新。与传统教学侧重于文本学习的修辞教学模式相比,多媒体能够展示修辞的呈现环节,能够让学习者生动地感受到修辞的功效和作用,能够激发他们去思考、探究修辞的本质和功能,从而形成以呈现环节为切入点、以实例、效果和实用性为导向的修辞教学模式。     

大陆官方媒体涉台话语模式及其权威属性

本文基于修辞权威和凡.戴克话语权力理论,旨在探究大陆官方媒体涉台话语的表征模式及其权威属性。研究发现:大陆涉台官方媒体话语常常藉助于国家机器等官方权威以增强其修辞效果,提高话语可接受性;同时,传统的修辞性权威如正义感、人格和职业等因其非强制的隐性说服优势而更受青睐。此外,为凸显大陆中央政府两岸和平统一的官方权威意志,涉台话语广泛采用突出成就的主题、以"叙"带"议"的叙事和注重认同的表达等话语模式。     

电视剧《大宋提刑官》中的劝说模式

本文使用西方古典修辞的三大劝说模式理论（the three modes of persuasion）,分析劝说模式在电视剧《大宋提刑官》中的应用,并探讨劝说模式对推进剧情发展、制造悬念的作用。在理论上,本文提出一个观点：在涉及多个修辞主体的复杂修辞活动中,ethos可定义为对多个修辞主体的人品的诉诸。     

How secondary level teachers and students impose personal structure on fractional expressions and equations—an expert-novice study

While an algebraic expression is typically assigned a regular structure, this article introduces the concept of personal structure (Strukturierung); here, the structuring of an algebraic expression is understood as the act of forming relationships between its parts. This concept is used for the analysis of interviews in which experts and novices talk about the personal structures they produced when looking at fractional expressions and equations. The results show, firstly, that experts will structure a given fractional expression in various different ways. Secondly, four categories have been identified: structuring can mean that an expression is made more visually straightforward, changed, reinterpreted or classified. This is meaningful for negotiating the appropriateness of the personal structures in teaching algebra.     

基于多模态话语分析理论的网络课程发展研究

网络课程随着数字信息技术和网络技术的发展而发展,基于多模态话语分析理论与功能语言学理论,网络课程发展的理想模式是构建逼真的三维或四维学习情境,刺激学习者的多种感官,让学习者身临其境地参与学习活动,从而顺利地完成意义构建,实现学习目的。“虚拟现实”技术的发展为网络课程理想模式即多模态虚拟课程的出现带来了可能。通过对多模态虚拟课程内涵、分类和特性的阐述,可以对网络课程的发展进行展望和分析。     

Talk and the Development of Social Understanding

Our theme is that parent-child talk about the mental world plays a central role in the development of children's social understanding. This view is supported by Wittgenstein's argument that public criteria are necessary for learning the meaning of mental state terms. We propose that children, mainly in talk, learn the patterns of interaction that are criterial for the use of mental state terms. Two examples of empirical research illustrate this proposal. The first, a qualitative analysis of how criteria for psychological terms are displayed in mother-child talk, revealed that criteria were variously displayed and were presented in temporal, cause and effect sequences. The second, a quantitative analysis of key elements for understanding false beliefs present in mother-child talk, compared dyads in which children Failed (N = 14) or Passed (N = 10) false belief tests. In both Fail and Pass dyads, mothers elicited the vast majority of elements but produced about the same number as children. Only Pass children produced elements without mothers eliciting them. There were no instances of child-elicited/mother-produced elements. Overall, Fail children were less competent at recognizing and commenting on important aspects of a situation of false belief. We conclude that the development of talk and social understanding are inextricably intertwined.     

Memes,munitions, and collective copia: The durability of the perpetual peace weapons snowclone

This essay examines the commonplace argument that particular weapons have the power to end war forever. I argue that the basic form of the durable memetic phrasal pattern that emerges from the commonplace’s many iterations is Weapon X makes war impossible. I call this meme the perpetual peace weapons snowclone. Snowclones are formulaic communication patterns that enable users to swap out words, phrases, or images for one another without breaking the original pattern. To understand how and why the perpetual peace weapons snowclone remains cogent for weapons advocacy, I connect Erasmus’s concept of copia to the contemporary concept of snowclones. Taken together, collective copia and snowclones demonstrate how simultaneous linguistic flexibility and rigidity help memes and other rhetorical commonplaces to replicate. I then trace the perpetual peace weapons snowclone’s replication with a historical survey of the oft-repeated commonplace through the development of the atomic bomb, at which point the perpetual peace weapons snowclone transformed into an ideological principle that warranted Cold War nuclear deterrence theory and the Atoms for Peace campaign. The case study demonstrates how, in general, all kinds of commonplaces, memes, clichés, stereotypes, archetypes, and proverbs get reproduced across time and space when collective copia and snowclones interact.     

基于TPN的自治与遥控融合的SR共享自主控制研究

针对空间机器人（Space Robots,SR）共享自主控制（Shared Autonomous Control,SAC）面临的模式平稳转换问题,首先讨论了SAC的概念及其操作模式;其次研究了SAC操作模式的相互转换及基于时间Petri网（Timed Petri Nets,TPN）的模式转换方式;最后设计了一种基于TPN的SR虚拟环境仿真系统,并通过计算机虚拟仿真实验验证了自主与遥控融合的SAC操作模式及其模式转换顺序的有效性。     

Language and Culture: in View of Linguistic Memetics

Memetics is originally a theory for interpreting cultural evolution. Memes, coined to disclose a strong analogy with genes, are ideas that spread through human cultures and across the generation. As cultural replicators, memes are propagated and transmitted through imitation; language, as part of culture, produces under the influence of memes. This paper discusses the relationship between language and culture and that between language and memes. In addition, the classification of linguistic memes and the survival law residing in the memes are also expounded. The next research will focus on the impact of linguistic memes on translation and language teaching.     

基于Vmware的虚拟计算机实验系统

研究了虚拟机技术、虚拟机软件Vmware Workstation的特点以及基于Vmware系列软件构建虚拟计算机实验系统。系统由计算机维护、网络组建与配置、服务器配置与管理、Win2000 Server/Linux实验4个模块组成。详细描述了虚拟实验系统的工作原理、主要特点及其在实验教学中的应用和管理。     

Becoming world-wise: an educational perspective on the rhetorical curriculum

In this paper I discuss some aspects of recent scholarship on rhetoric and the curriculum, making a distinction between approaches that use insight from rhetoric to analyse formal and informal curricula and approaches that develop programmatic suggestions for the conduct of education. In the paper I deploy an educational perspective which I distinguish from a perspective that sees education mainly as a process of the socialization of individuals into existing social, cultural and political ways of doing and being. I focus on three aspects of the discussion: the conceptions of education that are being used in the discussion and, more specifically, the way in which the rhetorical approach is connected to the ideas of paideia and Bildung; the particular understanding of language in the rhetorical approach to the curriculum; and the question whether the rhetorical curriculum should be understood in terms of empowerment or in terms of emancipation. I argue for a more consistent and more radical adoption of insights from rhetorical scholarship in order to make the rhetorical curriculum more educational and more politically aware. I capture this with the idea of becoming ‘world-wise’ as an alternative for the idea that the rhetorical curriculum should contribute to making students ‘symbol-wise’.