新格莱斯视角下预设的语义—语用界面研究

预设研究一直存在语义预设和语用预设两种分析视角,从新格莱斯视角对预设进行语义—语用界面的分析是本文新的尝试。通过预设触发语将预设现象分为三种,并在新格莱斯视角下根据不同意义解释模式对预设现象分析.     

浅析语用预设

预设是语言哲学的一个重要课题,是一种普遍的语言现象.预设分为语义预设和语用预设.本文从语用学的角度,分析了语用预设的基本特点,并在此基础上,讨论了语用预设在言语交际中的重要作用.     

英语语义语用预设功能缺失的比较研究

预设(presupposition)是自然语言逻辑以及语言哲学中的一个非常重要的问题,是近年来学术界共同关注的研究范畴之一。该文探讨了英语语义预设与语用预设的特点,以实例阐述分析语义预设在复合逻辑语境下的失灵现象以及语用预设在文化、共识限制下可能造成的认知障碍。在此基础上,提出了应该正确对待语义预设和语用预设在话语篇分析中的作用,强调了二者都具有不可忽视的作用。     

语义预设与语用预设及其关联性

本文分别从语义预设和语用预设两个角度时预设进行了阐释.语义预设研究命题的真值情况,语用预设与语境关系密切.两者关联性强,语义预设是语用预设的基础,语用预设是对语义预设的进一步发展.     

论语用预设

语用预设是相对于语义预设而言的,是从语用的角度对语句的预设进行分析,对语用预设可以从三个方面进行理解:语用预设是一种命题态度;语用预设是在具体的交际环境中施受双方的“共同知识”;语用预设是在交际过程中使得一个语句或命题具有恰当性的条件。     

语义预设的界定与鉴别

预设和蕴涵的鉴别是预设的语义分析重点研究的内容.现有的研究过分强调预设的真值定义和否定测试法会导致对语义预设的片面理解.因此,有必要对语义预设的界定和已有的鉴别方法进行分析,并根据预设是语义和语用的接口的语言事实,结合语用来弥补预设语义分析的缺陷,以便更准确地鉴别语义预设.     

从动机修辞学理论看语用预设现象

预设不仅是语义、语用层面的语言现象,更是依靠语境和话语参与者对对方的心理、认知状态的相互假定,而被掌握并运用到话语的理解与生成之中去的一种修辞现象。肯尼斯.博克的认同说和五位一体理论可有效地阐释语用预设是一种修辞现象。     

从语用预设看英汉互译

预设是指说话者在说出某个特定句子时所作的假设,即说话者为保证句子和语段(utterance)的适宜性而必须满足的前提.预设的研究是从语义关系的研究开始的,但由于预设具有可取消性(defeasibility)和语境依赖性的特点,许多语言学家将预设作为一种语用现象而非语义现象进行研究.语用预设主要有两个特点:(1)语用预设与语境密不可分;(2)语用预设在语篇的衔接中起着重要作用,保证了语篇信息流的通畅.针对这些特点,作为译者,在从源语到目标语的转换过程中,应考虑到语用预设的复杂性,准确把握源语的前提信息,透彻理解原文,根据具体情况对源语语篇预设进行适当处理,用直译或意译法保留、转换、增添预设信息,从而避免翻译中的语用失效,力求达到英汉互译中的语用等值效果.     

论语义预设

预设理论是语言哲学重要的内容之一.本文主要从语义学的角度,对预设进行探讨,比较了语义预设和语用预设的关系,分析了语义预设的三大特点,并在此基础上,提出了语义预设理论的局限性,及完整的预设理论必须包括语义和语用两个部分的观点.     

浅议预设在演讲中的应用--以习近平在坦桑尼亚尼雷尔国际会议中心的演讲为例

预设依靠逻辑概念、语义和语境,推断句子或者话语中隐含的信息或命题,使交际双方能正常进行交流。在语言学界,预设分为语义预设,语用预设和混合型预设。该文运用混合型预设法分析一则习近平在坦桑尼亚尼雷尔国际会议中心的演讲,为更好的理解预设话语提供新的视角。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.