《劝学篇》解说

君子曰:学不可以已。提出论点:学习不可以让它停止,下文再加以论证。青,取之于蓝,而青于蓝;冰,水为之,而寒于水。借常见的现象为喻,说明学习能够使人提高。学习既有这样的作用,那么,当然就不能让它停止了。作者在这里采用了排比句法,把两个比喻中意思相当的部分,用对称的形式表现出来可以增加语言的力量,给人以深刻的印象。木直中绳,鞣以为轮,其曲中规,虽有槁暴不复挺者,鞣使之然也。仍借日常事物为喻,说明学习能改变人的气质,以见学习的重要,不能让它停止。故木受绳则直,金就砺则利,君子博学而日参省乎已,     

两部《劝学篇》:两种文化观

在１９世纪下半叶的中国和日本，出现过两部书名完全相同的著作，这就是中国张之洞的《劝学篇》和日本福泽谕吉的《劝学篇》。两部著作的目的都是要在东西方文化交汇碰撞的背景下指示本国的发展方向，但是旨趣却大不相同，有本质的差异。在福泽谕吉的《劝学篇》中，通篇讲的是人的权利和人的发展，开篇第一句话就是“天不生人上之人，也不生人下之人”。他从西方“天赋人权”的理论出发，抨击了封建制度和陈旧的伦理道德观念，指出人是生来平等的，“所以有贤愚之别是由于学与不学造成的”，所以他要“劝学”，号召日本人民学习科学文化，追…     

中国荀子《劝学篇》、张之洞《劝学篇》与日本福泽谕吉《劝学篇》的比较研究

在亚洲教育思想史上,先后出现过三部《劝学篇》。这三部不同年代的巨著,都产生了划时代的影响。荀子在他的《劝学篇》中,强调后天学习非常重要。越数千年,近代晚清四大名臣之一的政治家张之洞对国家的前途命运思考颇深,他在自己的《劝学篇》中表述"中体西用"的思想。日本教育家福泽谕吉无独有偶,也发表了同名论著,对日本当时的教育乃至整个日本社会的变革,皆影响深远。     

张之洞《劝学篇》新论

在戊戌维新运动高潮中,张之洞撰写了《劝学篇》并进呈光绪皇帝。该书数易版本,行销200万册,产生了很大影响。长期以来,《劝学篇》被视为“在舆论上诋毁维新运动的一部代表作”,“起了破坏变法的作用”。这种说法,虽不无道理,但用它来概括《劝学篇》的全部写作意图和历史作用,便有以偏概全之嫌。其实,《劝学篇》就是张之洞的变法纲领,它既有忠君卫道的守旧之论,也不乏启蒙求变的开新之说,有重新审视之必要。     

《劝学篇》分析

《劝学篇》是荀子的名作.荀子,名况,战国末期赵国人.他是当时具有朴素唯物主义的思想家.在《劝学篇》里,作者否认有“生而知之”的“天才”,强调后天学习的重要性,提出了要顺应自然规律,“善假于物”的学习方法,揭示了学习的内部规律是知识的积累,并指出只要发挥人的主观能动作用,坚持不懈、专心致志地进行学习,就能取得成效.这些观点,值得我们今天借鉴.《劝学篇》(节选)可分为三段.第一段,从“君于曰:学不可以已”到“教使之然也”.提出中心论点,并论述了学习的重要性.可分为五层.第一层,紧扣篇名,明确提出:学不可以已.就是说,学习是无止境的,不可以中途停止.这是全文的中心论点.     

劝学篇《荀子》

君子曰:学不可以已。青,取之于藍,而青于藍;冰,水为之,而寒于水。木直中绳,輮以为輪,其曲中規。虽有槁暴,不复挺者,輮使之然也。故木受绳则直,金就礪則利,君子博学而日参省乎己,则知明而行无过矣。 闡明学习的意义:学习可以增长知識,培养品德。吾尝終日而思矣,不如須臾之所学也;吾尝跂而望矣,不如登高之博見也。登高而招,臂     

福泽谕吉《劝学篇》与张之洞《劝学篇》之比较研究

从1872年(日本明治五年)到1876年(日本明治九年),日本著名思想家、教育家福泽谕吉陆续发表了17篇旨趣相近的论文,总发行量达80万册,在社会上引起很大震动。有些文章当时就被选作学校教材,有些内容还载入了日本文部省的正式文件,以至当时日本社会竟出现了“文部省在竹桥,文部卿在三田”(竹桥系当时文部省所在地,三田系福泽谕吉执教的庆应义塾所在地。语出鹿野正直著《福泽谕吉》。本文中凡不标叫出处的引语,均录自《劝学篇》)的议论。其实这时的福泽谕吉只是一文教工作者,无任何官方职务。这些文章的发表,有力地促进了日本人民的觉醒,对当时日本的教     

张之洞《劝学篇》中的教育思想

维新变法从十九世纪八十年代后期发端始,到1898年百日维新失败止,维新派本着救亡图存的爱国思想,一直同恪守祖训的顽固派以及洋务派就新变法、民权、科举等方面的问题争论不休.新旧两派各执己见,彼此驳难,互不相让.两派之争影响之大,范围之广在中国历史上亦属罕见.也就在两派喋喋不休的争论声中,时任湖广总督张之洞的《劝学篇》出台了.     

两部《劝学篇》两种文化观

在19世纪下半叶的中国和日本,出现过两部书名完全相同的著作,这就是中国张之洞的《劝学篇》和日本福泽谕吉的《劝学篇》。两部著作的目的都是要在东西方文化交汇碰撞的背景下指示本国的发展方向,但是旨趣却大不相同,有本质的差异。     

《荀子·劝学篇》校释两则

《苟子·劝学篇》是古籍经典篇目,然后世有关该文的注释却颇有可商之处.文章选取了“日参省乎己”和“未可与言而言谓之傲”两条试作考辨,认为其中“参”字当释为“三”,“傲”字乃“喧噪”义.     

关于心理生活基本性质和内涵的理解

人的心理生活是人的现实生活的重要构成。理解心理生活的性质和内涵，必须考虑如下几个方面。一是人性与心理生活。心理生活是人所拥有和创造的生活。二是自我与心理生活。这涉及到人格与自我，主我与客我，大我与小我。三是认知与心理生活。这包括认知的性质：对象的认知和生存的认知。四是意向与心理生活。意向决定了心理生活的一体性和自主性。五是观念与心理生活。人的心理生活是对意义的追求，意义的基本心理单元就是观念。六是体验与心理生活。心理体验是指感受、感悟、觉解、觉悟、思想、思念、体察、体会等。七是超越与心理生活。人的心理生活有价值的评判、有追求的目标和有超越的品性。八是创造与心理生活。人的心理有双重的创造功能，包括对外部生活世界和对自身心理行为的建构。     

设计:科学技术与艺术的统一与整合

技术与艺术是紧密结合在一起的。不仅实用艺术与技术有着密不可分的关系，纯艺术与一定的技术也有着密不可分的联系，这种联系的历史与艺术的历史一样久远。技术发展到一定阶段时总是需要更高层次的艺术观念来引导和互助，这样才能使技术融入艺术之中。科学技术与艺术的结合是在不断发展的层面上开展和提升的。随着21世纪高科技的日益发展，两的结合表现得更加紧密，并走向新的整合。设计艺术将以艺术与科学的结合为己任，并以之为手段和工具来创造为人所用的一切产品，它能够克服两之间的不协调和矛盾，并将两有机地整合与统一。     

胡主席在印度,我却在中国

Today, Sunday morning, I sit thinking and typing at my computer. My thoughts are in my homeland, India and my body is in China. The body is here and mind there for a good reason. Mr. Hu is president and I am resident and both are in each other's countries (what a difference the absence of one small letter makes!). Mr. Hu will return in a few days and I will stay on longer.     

Ineffective pathways and the price of conjecture

The inclusion of children with special educational needs into mainstream schools needs effort and cooperation by all those involved. Both educators and medical professions need to be skilled in identifying and supporting neurodiversity. This study explores the cross-professional understanding and support of four of the most prevalent neurodiversities: autism spectrum condition, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, developmental coordination disorder and dyslexia, to evaluate the efficiency of the diagnostic pathway and the subsequent support. Questionnaires were distributed throughout a number of training events for medical and educational practitioners asking what a condition was, and how it could be supported. Using a thematic analysis, data from 189 responses were examined and cross-referenced with diagnostic criteria, in addition to identifying the overarching themes of support. Results show a serious gap in awareness and knowledge of neurodiversity in both medical and educational sectors, followed by a cacophony of intervention, breaking the pathway for diagnosis before it begins and ultimately failing children and their families.     

The Trend Towards Materials in Science and Technology Education

The teaching of science and technology in the final year of high school is examined in a new curriculum developed for the education system in Victoria, Australia. The traditional areas of Physics and Chemistry together with a technology related subject, Materials and Technology, are investigated The major curriculum link amongst these studies was the area of materials. In Chemistry this involved the nature of materials, the chemical basis for the production of metals and polymers, and the social consequences of waste disposal. Within Physics, the major involvement was the investigation of the structure and physical properties of materials through theory and practical investigation. The selection of materials, production of components and their testing were the major area involved with Materials and Technology. Although the area of materials related all three subjects enrollments were comparatively high for Physics and Chemistry but Materials and Technology had less than one tenth as much enrollment. Similarly, school providers were significantly lower for materials and technology. Materials and Technology is still considered a vocational subject compared with the science oriented subjects. When gender enrollments were considered, Chemistry had a similar number of females and males, Physics had twice as many males as females, and Materials and Technology had twice as many males as females. This appears to be a consequence of typical gender roles.     

桂林市西村平话音系

西村平话在当地称为土谈、平话,是桂北平话的一种。突出特点是流摄与蟹摄混涉,鼻音韵尾脱落和前后鼻音错位,平去两声分阴阳,上入两声不分阴阳。同音字汇收字3700多个;     

Effects of homework motivation and worry anxiety on homework achievement in mathematics and English

Direct and mediating effects of homework worry anxiety on homework effort and homework achievement and the differences in the structural relations among homework motivation constructs and homework achievement across mathematics and English homework were examined in 268 tenth graders in China. Homework motivation included task value, homework self-efficacy, homework worry anxiety, and motivation application. Homework accomplishments were rated by mathematics and English teachers. Homework value had positive effects on homework effort and worry anxiety in both subjects. Homework self-efficacy had positive and negative effects on homework effort and worry, respectively. Homework worry mediated the relation of homework value to effort and to achievement; the relation was more prominent in mathematics than in English homework. The mediating effects of worry anxiety in the relation of self-efficacy to homework effort and to achievement were significant only in mathematics. The domain specificity and direct and mediating effects were discussed in the cultural and educational context.     

时代挑战与未来路向:劳动教育的当代诠释与实践

受传统考试文化、现代消费享乐文化的影响与侵蚀,劳动及其教育观念萎缩的趋势不减,而科技的发展又进一步解放和控制了人的身体,加剧了这种趋势与危机。这些问题的重要认识论根源是身心二元论,劳心者高于劳力者,且认为心的发展与身体无关。其实割裂的机械劳动训练与精神德育灌输,既违背儿童身心发展特征,又逆时代发展。未来,以纯粹体力劳动为生的职业将不复存在,但劳动并不会也不应该消失,它不仅是人类大脑和智力发展的基础活动,而且是学习和创造的重要方式,还将是人们生活和娱乐的一部分。因此,劳动教育也应该回归身心融合的本源,发展面向未来美好生活的具有创造性、娱乐性和综合性的劳动学习,开发适应时代发展和学生兴趣的创生性和融合性劳动课程,让学生的身体、心智与情感等"整全的人"参与到劳动学习与创造中,进而实现劳动意识与习惯以及相关知能意情的全面发展。     

魏晋南北朝学士研究的几个问题

魏晋南北朝学士是一个以文翰之士为主的群体 ,这一群体实际上可以分为文人学士与官员学士两类。魏晋南北朝部分学士与秦汉待诏有类似之处。魏晋南北朝学士在此期经学、文献学、史学诸项学术活动中是—支重要力量。     

装裱名词考辨

装裱名词在各个时代具有不同的内涵和名称。装裱形制不断增加,不同形制的装裱部位又有所增减。因而。装裱名词在使用过程中存在着混乱、不统一的现象,体现着一定的时代色彩。此外还存在着著作人主观认识与选择的随意性。这些都有待辨析廓清,以便能够更好地理解与传承装裱文献与艺术遗产,服务于当代社会。