Organisational culture in sport – A systematic review

The purpose of this paper was to systematically review the study of organisational culture in sport. The choice of research paradigms, methods, interests, perspectives, and definitions and operationalisation of organisational culture used in 33 studies was examined. This highlighted the variety of ways that culture has been studied in sport and the range of interests explored in the research, including informing athlete development, the link between the strength of culture and organisational performance and understanding the forces driving organisational diversity. Unlike the wider organisational culture literature, there has been a preference in sport to assume that culture was a variable to manipulate in an organisation. The opportunity to widen approaches to study organisational culture in sport is discussed, such as broadening the methods used to conduct studies, including both coaches and athletes in the population studied and using the fragmentation perspective, where ambiguity and conflict are considered in understanding culture.     

Youth multi-sport events in Austria: tourism strategy or just a coincidence?

Impact and legacy research of touristic issues has become more popular with the appearance of manifold approaches to examining tourism. In recent years, the region of Western Austria has successfully staged multi-sport youth events, with two being staged in Innsbruck, Tyrol (YOG 2012; ICG 2016) and one in the region of Montafon, Vorarlberg (EYOF, 2015). This leads to the assumption that the high frequency of youth sports events in these regions necessitates and therefore also follows a set hosting policy or at least a strategic approach to event bidding and staging. To examine these assumptions, a mix of desk research and qualitative interviews was chosen, encompassing bidding files, final reports, official tourism statistics, press releases from tourism boards, political working papers, internal documents and interviews with organising committee members, event experts and political representatives. Staging youth sports events is found to have left legacies in Western Austria such as generating immediate overnight stays in the low season and creating a positive image for the host regions, depending on the frequency with which events are staged and affirming the purpose of using events to boost tourism. The host areas lacked a written (youth sport) strategy and unexpectedly, the existing strategies do not include the youth sports events. However, it can be assumed in the case of Innsbruck that a hidden event strategy exists. In conclusion, the study reveals the importance of sharing events and their benefits among the various local stakeholders, thus branding the region as a host city.     

体育迷的体育赛事消费行为影响因素分析

随着人民生活水平的提高,人们越来越具备有钱和有闲的消费条件,如何把具备消费条件的潜在体育迷变成现实的消费者,赛事经营管理者必须充分考虑消费影响因素。本文采用文献资料等研究方法,分析了体育迷的体育赛事消费行为影响因素。研究发现:消费行为的影响因素有体育迷消费动机、身份突显、心理依附、体育代表队的认同、体育代表队的承诺、卷入度,并得出体育营销者要想使体育迷在赛事消费中投入更多的时间和金钱资源,必须了解消费者的动机过程,体育迷身份的显著性,体育迷对体育代表队的依附、认同和承诺的程度,体育迷卷入水平的结论。     

大型体育赛事不同阶段的赞助风险研究

赛事赞助是大型体育赛事获取资金的重要来源,但与此同时也为体育赛事带来风险,赛事赞助风险研究可以为赛事筛选赞助商提供依据,并对赛事运行中的赞助风险提供防范和处理建议。研究利用文献资料的查阅和德尔菲法提出了赛事赞助风险主要构成,主要有财务风险、名誉风险、人员风险、法律风险与竞争风险。根据赛事的不同阶段,即申办阶段、筹办阶段和举办阶段,分别建立不同阶段的赛事赞助风险指标体系,指出不同阶段赛事应关注的主要赞助风险类型。针对这些赞助风险,提出了赛事赞助的规避措施和处理措施,综合采用这些措施,既能够减少赞助风险的发生,也能够保证赛事在风险发生时迅速做出反应,降低风险造成的损失。     

体育赛事社会影响的形成与控制

从体育赛事社会影响的概念入手,对体育赛事社会影响的形成机制和控制问题进行了深入探讨。从系统论视角探讨了体育赛事社会影响的形成机制;从对象出发,对体育赛事对居民和举办社区的社会影响形成机制进行了分析;此外,本文还对体育赛事社会影响的控制流程和控制策略进行了分析。     

On frozen ponds: The impact of climate change on hosting pond hockey tournaments

The case follows Scott Crowder, the founder of the Pond Hockey Classic, and details the challenges he confronts in organizing pond hockey tournaments. The case emphasizes the key issues of climate change and its impact on organizing an outdoor event which is reliant on arctic weather conditions that freeze large bodies of water, including lakes. The case also considers the implications and impacts of the unstable and unpredictable weather conditions on planning and managing events and on sport tourism.     

天津市竞技体育竞争实力分析

通过对天津市参加第七届到第十届全国运动会的成绩进行综合竞争实力的分析。结果表明,天津市竞技体育核心竞争力相对优势逐渐减小;反映天津市竞技体育的综合竞争实力的项目格局呈现偏态,主要以对抗性项目为主;天津市竞技体育综合竞争实力提升的关键是优化竞技项目格局,在保证优势项目稳定发展的同时,重点开发潜优势项目。     

体育团队凝聚力系统分析

运用系统观点和辨证思维方法,对体育团队凝聚力进行系统分析,认为该系统是由目标凝结力、任务凝聚力和文化凝聚力构成。培养体育团队凝聚力就是使该系统内的诸要素功能达到最优化。     

实现我国体育赛事与举办城市共生发展的理论初探

以共生理论为基础,探讨体育赛事与城市发展的共生关系,认为城市应具备安全有保障、体育设施齐全、交通与通讯设备先进、有较深厚的文化艺术底蕴以及有成功举办体育赛事的经验等基本条件。政府支持、选择与城市特点具有匹配性的体育赛事、注重城市与体育赛事的特色、实施科学的赛事规划是实现体育赛事与举办城市共同发展的基本措施。     

我国运动员注册管理相关问题探讨

研究目的：对我国运动员注册管理的相关问题进行探讨。研究方法：法律文本分析方法。研究结果和结论：我国运动员注册管理的主体是单项体育协会而不是运动项目管理中心,相关规范性文件将单项体育协会与运动项目管理中心相混淆的做法违反了《体育法》的规定。运动员注册管理行为的性质属于协会自治行为而不是行政行为,运动员注册管理争议属于民事争议而不是行政争议,运动员注册管理争议应当保留司法最终解决途径。     

对太极拳教学的思考及对策

太极拳一直都是中华传统传承至今且非常具有中国特色的体育项目,中华文化源远流长,博大精深,而太极拳这项体育运动也是中华传统文化必不可少的组成部分,包涵着中华武术的精神和品质,也代表着中华武术蓬勃向上的生命力。为了保证中华少年的健康成长,强身健体的同时还要积极努力地完成学业,这也是作为学生的基本要求。该文对于太极拳教学效果产生一些思考,对于如何让太极拳成为学生强身健体的主流运动项目及如何能做到吸引学生的教学效果提出一些建议和意见。     

体育保健学实验课程改革及其实效性评价的研究

运用文献研究法、教学实验法等方法对广州中医药大学体育健康学院80名2006级体育教育专业学生进行《体育保健学》实验课程改革研究。研究结果显示：对《体育保健学》实验课程内容、方法和考核评价的改革能够促进学生学习的兴趣、提高学生分析问题能力、实际动手能力和准确全面的评价学生掌握本门课程知识的程度。     

The effect of familiarity on associated sponsor and event brand attitudes following negative celebrity endorser publicity

This research examined how familiarity with a brand influences how negative publicity related to a celebrity endorser is perceived. Specifically, the current research determined if familiarity with event and sponsor brands may temper any negative consequences of being linked with negative celebrity endorser publicity. Two studies were conducted to investigate this aim. Study 1 (n = 136) used unfamiliar brands and indicated attitudes towards the selected sponsor and the event brands were significantly reduced after negative publicity surrounding an associated celebrity endorser emerged. In contrast, individuals not exposed to negative publicity did not report reduced attitude scores. Study 2 (n = 272) used unfamiliar and familiar brands and found that negative publicity surrounding celebrity endorsers has the capacity to weaken attitudes towards associated event and sponsor brands. However, any negative impact was tempered by an individual's familiarity with the respective brand, indicating brand familiarity has a moderating effect on brand attitudes within the sports marketplace. This research furthers understandings related to sport sponsorship theory by assessing the role of brand familiarity in tempering information transference. Additionally, the paper provides insights to the events category which has not been researched previously. Brand managers can use this information to develop proactive and reactive strategies to employ to protect their brands when celebrity endorsers attract negative publicity.