MASS MEDIA AND POLITICAL OUTSPOKENNESS IN HONG KONG: LINKING THE THIRD-PERSON EFFECT AND THE SPIRAL OF SILENCE

This study analyzes the impact of perceptions of the opinionsof others on political outspokenness in Hong Kong. Two relatedtheories, the third-person effect and the spiral of silence,are tested in the context of public opinion regarding the Sino-Britishdispute over Hong Kong's political future. To estimate the potentialinfluence of perceived public opinion on political outspokennessduring this political crisis, a representative telephone surveyof 660 respondents in Hong Kong was conducted in November 1993. As hypothesized by the third-person effect, perceptions of theinfluence of media reports about the Sino-British dispute onothers were found to be consistently greater than perceptionsof influence on self. Similar to previous findings, respondentswith a higher level of education were more likely to believethat the mass media influence others more than themselves. Thestudy also found empirical support for the spiral of silencehypothesis. Politically unconcerned respondents were less willingto voice their political opinions publicly when they perceivedthe majority opinion not to be on their side. Findings alsoindicate that the third-person effect indirectly influencesthe spiral of silence process through its impact on perceptionsof public opinion.     

IN HONG KONG EVEN THE GHOSTS WANT TO MIGRATE

In 1997, the British Crown Colony Hong Kong will become a specialadministrative region of the People's Republic of China (PRC).Very recent public opinion polls show that the majority of thepopulation in Hong Kong does not approve of this agreement negotiatedbetween the Chinese and the British governments. Instead, arelative majority of the respondents would prefer to maintainthe status quo. Moreover, twelve per cent of the populationanticipates today not to be living in Hong Kong in the year1997. This figure corresponded to a net outflow of no less than670,000 people, of whom a great deal will belong to those whocontribute to Hong Kong's business and workforce éliteof today.     

香港地区大学图书馆的管理模式

近年来香港图书馆界与内地交往密切,为了促进内地与香港地区大学图书馆之间的合作与互补,本文试论述香港地区大学图书馆的地位及其管理模式。     

评鉴图书馆质素:以北美与香港为例

介绍了北美大学图书馆、香港大学图书馆评鉴的经验。     

香港大学冯平山图书馆古籍善本的收藏与著录

介绍了香港大学冯平山图书馆所藏古籍善本的来源、内容以及整理编目的情况,重 点分析了馆藏善本中的抄、稿、校本及广东地区文献与广东人著述的特色与价值。     

香港公共图书馆的多媒体资讯系统

介绍了香港公共图书馆多媒体资讯系统的资源服务体系、网络体系、工作站管理和 数据加工。     

香港地区高校图书馆的信息共享空间建设

通过网络调研了香港地区8所高校图书馆信息共享空间建设的基本状况,就其空间布局、设备设施、人员配置和服务特色等方面进行了比较和分析,最后就信息共享空间建设提出了若干思考。     

PUBLIC AND ELITE ATTITUDES TO ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

This paper puts the environment into perspective. Politiciansand commentators see the environment as yesterday's issue, forgettingthat the core of environmental activists is still double thelevel of just five years ago. International comparisons stretchingfrom Poland to New Zealand are made, examining the public'senvironmental behavior, attitudes and values. Using Great Britainas a case study, detailed comparisons are made between the attitudesof the general public with journalists, the financial community,captains of industry, and Members of Parliament and the latterthen compared with Members of the European Parliament. The publicis demanding action by companies and by governments on environmentalissues and has little faith in either to take corrective action.     

香港中文大学图书馆电子资源管理的挑战与对策

电子资源管理是现今高校图书馆所面对的极具挑战性工作,香港中文大学的图书馆系统亦不例外。该馆的电子资源数量在2006-2007年度较上年增长了两倍。如何运用现有的人力资源和图书馆集成管理系统,及时让读者使用这些电子资源,已成为该馆的重大挑战。有见及此,该馆在2007年决定把电子期刊的编目工作外包,并采用Innovative公司的电子资源管理系统来解决上述问题。此文的目的,是叙述该馆利用SerialsSolutions公司的服务和Innovative公司的电子资源管理系统来管理与日俱增的电子资源的经验。尽管尚有困难待克服,但通过此文所述的措施,该馆的电子资源管理工作已得到改善。     

对大学图书馆资源整合与揭示现状的分析与思考

分析了当前大学图书馆资源整合存在的突出问题,包括电子期刊和印刷期刊的整合、各类电子资源整合、自建数据库以及图书馆服务资源的整合等,提出了图书馆应该从资源、管理和技术等三个层面来实施图书馆各类资源的整合。     

从学习中培养领导能力:记香港大学图书馆领导艺术研习班

何谓有效的组织领导?有效的图书馆领导需具备什么样的素质?这些素质是与生俱来的,还是可以后天培养?事实证明,领导技能是可以从学习中获得的,但是这种学习必须立足于实践而不单是理论,而且是一个持续不断的过程。2003年,香港大学图书馆发起了首届住宿型"图书馆领导艺术研习班",旨在为亚洲地区的高级图书馆人员提供一个学习新领导技能的机会,以适应信息产业创新管理和领导的需要。研习班吸引了来自中国大陆、香港、台湾、澳门、新加坡、马来西亚、泰国和菲律宾等国家和地区的代表。作者作为研习班的组织者和经常性主讲人,总结连续四次成功举办研习班的经验,简述为亚洲图书馆员开办领导技能研习班的目的及其操作的概况,并探讨亚洲图书馆员的领导技能需求的变化,以及研习班在何种程度上能满足他们的需要,最后,提出未来图书馆领导技能培养的方向。     

数字图书馆中的数据压缩及信息共享问题

数据压缩旨在利用图像的冗余度来减少表示图像所需的比特数,从而节省图像存贮容量,提高传输效率。文章归纳了目前一些主要的图像压缩技术并结合数字图书馆信息共享作初步探讨。     

MASS MEDIA AND CONSUMERIST VALUES IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

In this study, we report results from parallel cross-sectionsurveys of probability samples from the two largest cities inChina. We pose two questions; What are consumerist value orientationsanchored in Chinese individualism? How is mass media exposurerelated to the emergence of such values? We find three stableconsumerist value orientations: conspicuous consumption, aspirationfor self-actualization, and worshipping Western lifestyles.Those who are younger, better educated, and financially betteroff are the most likely bearers of these values. Further, bearingthese values is related to frequent reading of consumer magazinesand exposure to outdoor advertisements. Placed in the contextof China's on-going economic reforms, we discuss how these resultsindicate the changing social and cultural milieu of China'ssocial transformation, and what their implications are for theprospect of political pluralism in post-Tiananmen China.     

试论图书馆使用开源软件的益处及注意事项

开源软件以“信息共享、源代码共享”为宗旨。在图书馆建设中应用开源软件有利于图书馆员掌握软件开发的核心技术,并促进软件的逐步成熟,同时能降低相关费用,加强图书馆之间的合作。在图书馆推广开源软件应注意对开源软件许可证的比较研究、遵守许可使用规则、强调标准化以及化解法律风险等问题。     

MEDIA COVERAGE AND THE FLOW OF VOTERS IN MULTIPARTY SYSTEMS: THE 1994 NATIONAL ELECTIONS IN HOLLAND AND GERMANY

Positive news is advantageous for a party, but the effects ofnegative news are less obvious, especially in a multiparty system.One possibility is an indecisionmodel in which negative informationwould push voters to the undecided category. An alternativeis a proportional model in which voters would move to otherparties in proportion to their share of the vote. A third scenariowould correspond to a proximity model in which the shift wouldbe to parties holding viewpoints similar to those of the criticizedparty. The three models were tested using the ideodynamic modelor the 1994 elections in the Netherlands and Germany. The explanatoryvariables were content analysis data obtained daily for majorprint and electronic news media. The dependent variable wasweekly survey data of party preferences of voters. The analysisshowed the proportional model to be the least plausible withthe proximity model being promising. Campaign strategists startingfrom the proximity model will both promote negative news aboutother parties and adopt their issue positions.     

GENDER, NEWS MEDIA EXPOSURE AND POLITICAL CYNICISM: PUBLIC OPINION OF HONG KONG'S FUTURE TRANSITION

Marginalized from the center of power, women in Hong Kong maybe particularly vulnerable to the future political transition,as the territory prepares for an exchange from British to Chineserule. How do women feel about the impending changes in HongKong? According to results from a recent (April 1993) representativetelephone survey in Hong Kong (n = 502), women are less likelyto have faith in the political future of Hong Kong than men.Moreover, this relationship between gender and political cynicismbecomes more pronounced when controlling for socio-economicstatus and is more intensive among persons in their middle years.Contrary to expectations, exposure to newspapers does not encouragedistrust, but instead appears to be associated with less cynicismof the future transition, at least among men. Women, on theother hand, are less likely to be susceptible to press coverage.In a context in which political transition is pending, suchas in Hong Kong, it is imperative to attempt to understand theevolution and disintegration of political cynicism, particularlyamong those who may be vulnerable to political change.