Reconciling two approaches to critical success factors: The case of shared services in the public sector

Shared services have been embraced by the private, and increasingly, the public sectors. Yet implementation has often proved to be difficult and the factors which are critical to success are not yet well understood. In this paper existing research in the area of critical success factors (CSFs) is examined and it is suggested that that research actually covers two distinct phenomena. One approach is focused on identifying the factors required for a specific individual to achieve their outcomes. The second on determining the general success factors for implementing a project of a certain type. A reconciliation of the two approaches is proposed within a framework that distinguishes between three different types of CSF – outcome, implementation process and operating environment characteristic. A case study of a project to implement shared services in the Australian public sector is examined using the reconciled framework. The case shows that the reconciled approach by including, and differentiating between, outcome, process and operating environment characteristic factors provides a richer and more complete picture of requirements. Further benefits from the synthesis are also highlighted including that factors are a mix of universal and context specific, different perspectives on factors exist and not all environmental factors perceived to be critical have to necessarily be present.     

Examining the critical success factors of cloud computing adoption in the MSMEs by using ISM model

For cutting down cost and improving the efficiency of enterprises, adoption of innovations in ICT especially in cloud computing applications is the need of the time in the highly competitive global environment. It has been noted that generally, the Indian MSMEs are not utilizing the CC applications for the promotion of their business activities and are not availing their benefits. Hence, in the present investigation, the critical success factors (CSFs) for cloud computing adoption (CCA) in the Indian micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are identified through an exhaustive literature review and expert opinions. The association between the identified factors is established by employing an interpretive structural modeling methodology that is a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach. Later, the MICMAC analysis is carried out for identifying the factors having high influential power. The results of the study revealed that a CSF namely ‘previous technological experience’ is the most significant factor having the highest driving power. The findings of this research are intended to guide cloud service providers, enterprise managers, and governmental bodies in formulating the strategies and policies for effective implementation of cloud computing facilities and harness the benefits of the same. This study makes a significant contribution to the knowledge base of CC adoption for future research in the subject field.     

The critical success factors of business process management

Although business process management (‘BPM’) is a popular concept, it has not yet been properly theoretically grounded. This leads to problems in identifying both generic and case-specific critical success factors of BPM programs. The paper proposes an underlying theoretical framework with the utilization of three theories: contingency, dynamic capabilities and task–technology fit. The main premise is that primarily the fit between the business environment and business processes is needed. Then both continuous improvement and the proper fit between business process tasks and information systems must exist. The underlying theory is used to identify critical success factors on a case study from the banking sector.     

An evaluation of the critical success factors impacting artificial intelligence implementation

AI systems offer organizations great benefits causing decision-makers to invest more in these systems. The advantages of AI cannot be achieved without successful implementation. Thus, it is crucial to recognize the factors impacting the successful implementation of AI. It is also important to assess and rank these factors by their importance to assist decision-makers in implementing these systems and increasing the success rate. Due to its importance, scholars called for studies to expand our knowledge in this critical area. This paper identifies, extracts, and assesses the most critical factors that influence the implementation of AI systems. This study identifies nineteen factors and categorizes them into four categories: organization, technology, process, and environment. The analytical hierarchy process is used to evaluate the factors and the categories. The analysis offers two types of results, at the category level and the level of the factors. The results indicate that technology is the most significant of the four categories. The results also suggest that ethics is the most crucial factor among all nineteen factors. The order of all factors and discussions of the implications of the findings for practice and research are presented in the paper.     

我国企业实施业务流程重组的关键成功因素分析

采用实证及文献研究的方法,在研究BPR管理模型的基础上,得到了4点影响企业业务流程重组成功的关键因素,由此得出结论,业务流程重组是一项复杂的系统工程,只有把握好关键成功因素,在企业管理的各个方面都做好充分准备,才能提高流程重组的成功率.     

基于产品创新度的NPD项目关键成功因素研究

 在国外相关文献分析的基础之上，建立了一个企业新产品研发（NPD）项目关键成功因素的概念模型，通过分析不同创新程度NPD项目关键成功因素的差异，提出了五条相关的基本假设；问卷调查了国内97家企业，对数据进行统计学分析，最终验证了五条假设基本成立。     

新产品研发项目关键成功因素实证研究——基于不同的企业创新战略

在国外相关文献分析的基础之上,建立了一个企业新产品研发(NPD)项目关键成功因素的概念模型,通过分析企业创新战略对NPD项目关键成功因素的影响,提出了六条相关的基本假设,问卷调查了国内97家企业,对采集到的数据进行统计学分析,最终验证了六条假设基本成立。     

基于案例的PPP模式运作成功的关键影响因素研究

在文献调研及案例分析的基础上,分析中国28个PPP项目的实施过程,寻找影响PPP模式运作成功的关键因素。研究结果表明,PPP模式运作成功的关键是完善的PPP制度环境与体制、健全的金融体系及政府的契约精神,合作企业的能力与信用同有效选择PPP项目等因素共同决定了项目成败。     

In search of project classification: a non-universal approach to project success factors

In this study we attempt to answer two questions: Is there a natural way to classify projects and what are the specific factors that influence the success of various kinds of projects? Perhaps one of the major barriers to understanding the reasons behind the success of a project has been the lack of specificity of constructs applied in project management studies. Many studies of project success factors have used a universalistic approach, assuming a basic similarity among projects. Instead of presenting an initial construct, we have employed a linear discriminant analysis methodology in order to classify projects. Our results suggest that project success factors are not universal for all projects. Different projects exhibit different sets of success factors, suggesting the need for a more contingent approach in project management theory and practice. In the analysis we use multivariate methods which have been proven to be powerful in many ways, for example, enabling the ranking of different managerial factors according to their influence on project success.     

The perceptions of information systems designers from the United States, Japan, and Korea on success and failure factors

This study examined the views of information systems (IS) designers from the United States, Japan and Korea on the importance of IS development factors in terms of how they contribute to both the success and failure of IS projects. IS designers from the US viewed Communication of the Project Goals and Characteristics of the IS Designers as more important than did the IS designers from Japan and Korea, but rated Characteristics of the Project Leader as less important. The results also indicated that the IS designers did not view the relative importance of the IS development factors, the same in terms of contributing to the success and failure of IS projects. Results obtained from the US sample were consistent with a self-serving bias, while the results obtained from IS designers from Japan were consistent with a self-effacing bias. No significant differences between the success and failure factors were observed for the Korean sample. It was noted that a self-serving bias may prevent IS designers from learning based on past experiences with IS failure.     

基于多案例分析的企业技术交易成效关键影响因素研究

基于陕西省3家不同行业背景企业的深度访谈,通过多案例研究方法对企业技术交易成效的关键影响因素进行研究。研究结果表明:技术交易相关法律政策环境、技术满足市场需求程度、技术供需双方沟通协调程度和技术需求方消化吸收能力是影响企业技术交易成效的关键因素。在此基础上,提出企业技术交易成效关键影响因素的鱼骨模型,明晰企业在进行技术交易时应重点考虑的影响因素及影响路径。     

中国企业ERP实施关键成功因素的实证研究

本研究的目的在于运用实证方法,确定中国企业ERP实施的关键成功因素。通过大规模文献回顾,作者提出了一个ERP关键成功因素模型。该模型将主要ERP关键成功因素分成5类:领导因素、业务流程重组、项目管理、变革管理和外部支持。D＆M信息系统成功模型被用于测量ERP成功。作者问卷调查了97家已经实施了ERP的企业,并运用多元回归等方法对数据进行了分析。结果发现,模型中提出的五类因素是中国企业实施ERP的成功关键因素。其中,变革管理和业务流程重组对中国企业ERP实施成功的影响最大。外部支持的一个子因素-咨询公司的帮助被证实在中国企业ERP实施过程中作用不明显。     

知识管理的成功因素-一个实证研究现状的综合分析

知识管理领域的15年国际研究过程中,虽然出现了大量的相关概念、建议及特定的实践模型,然而关于知识管理的成功因素至今还没有达成共识.本研究通过中间分析法,收集了大量的关于知识管理方面的研究,目的是找出成功进行知识管理的一系列决定因素,并给出关于成功因素特征的相关建议.     

工程项目替代性纠纷解决方法CSFs研究

为保证工程按期完成,同时尽可能降低纠纷处理费用并维持项目参与方的合作关系,项目管理中越来越多地应用替代性纠纷解决方法(ADR)。而ADR更多地依赖建设工程参与方的自律,相对缺少规范性的制约,使得利用ADR有效解决纠纷还有很多困难因素。因此,在工程项目建设过程中,必须识别影响纠纷的关键因素(CS-Fs),通过针对影响纠纷的关键因素的办法,有效应用ADR合同纠纷解决方法。然而影响ADR有效性的因素具有不确定性、模糊性、随机性等特点,而且因素间可能相互影响,因此对影响ADR的关键因素评价比较困难。网络分析法(ANP)是AHP基础上发展形成的一种新的决策方法,该方法考虑了不同层次之间的信息反馈与同一层次元素之间的相互依存关系。为此,本文将网络分析法应用于研究有效使用ADR方法解决纠纷的关键因素,并对关键因素进行了分析。     

Determining factors in the success of R&D cooperative agreements between firms and research organizations

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of a series of contextual and organizational factors on the success of 800 cooperative agreements between Spanish firms and research organizations, run between 1995 and 2000. Findings show that the most outstanding factors are, in the case of firms, commitment, previous links, definition of objectives and conflict, whereas for research organizations previous links, communication, commitment, trust and the partners’ reputation are more relevant. These study not only provides a comprehensive theoretical model to analyze the success of these agreements but is useful both for improving management of cooperation and for fostering collaboration both at a national an international level.     

An exploratory study to understand the critical factors affecting the decision to adopt cloud computing in Taiwan hospital

The purpose of this study is to investigate the critical factors that will affect the decision to adopt cloud computing technology in developing countries, specifically in Taiwan's hospital industry. This study mainly integrates the TOE (Technology-Organization-Environment) framework and HOT-fit (Human-Organization-Technology fit) model to understand this issue. Information was collected by employing a questionnaire research design to hospital CIOs in Taiwan. The obtained results indicate that the 5 most critical factors are data security, perceived technical competence, cost, top manager support, and complexity. Further, among the proposed four dimensions the most important one is technology followed by human, organizational, and environmental factors. Finally, the results show that significant differences exist in CIO innovativeness, data security, compatibility, top manager support, adequate resource, and perceived industry pressure across different adopting groups. For practitioners, this study identifies key factors for hospitals to make an adoption decision toward cloud computing technology. As for academia, this study can be provided as a useful reference for future studies in this subject field.     

中外女科学家成功因素分析

运用心理学、教育学、哲学、人才学、管理学、成功学等多种学科知识,并结合中外女科学家家庭背景、所受教育、所处发展环境、婚姻以及个人品质等方面进行分类分析,探讨她们的一些共同特征和促使其获得成功的若干重要相关影响因素。     

高技术企业成长案例研究

本文通过对近４０ 家高技术企业的调查,分析了它们在成长过程中取得成功及遇到挫折的原因,从中得到了一些启示。并为政府的决策及企业的发展提出了一些建议。     

供应商参与新产品开发关键影响因素的探索性分析——基于企业智力资本影响的实证研究

在对供应商参与新产品开发(SINPD)的影响因素进行分析归纳的基础上,以智力资本影响为分析视角,应用探索性因素分析方法得到包括智力资本在内的影响SINPD的五个主因素:人力资本、组织资本、关系资本、SINPD的管理、企业间信任与承诺.采用回归分析方法识别出企业的关系资本、SINPD的管理、企业间信任与承诺是SINPD成功的关键因素.本研究不仅能够推动SINPD在我国的研究,而且对企业有效实施SINPD具有重要指导意义.     

A framework for the successful implementation of food traceability systems in China

Implementation of food traceability systems in China faces many challenges due to the scale, diversity, and complexity of China's food supply chains. This study aims to identify critical success factors specific to the implementation of traceability systems in China. Twenty-seven critical success factors were identified in the literature. Interviews with managers at four food enterprises in a prestudy helped identify success criteria and five additional critical success factors. These critical success factors were tested through a survey of managers in 83 food companies. This study identifies six dimensions for critical success factors: laws, regulations, and standards; government support; consumer knowledge and support; effective management and communication; top management, company wide, and vendor support; and information and system quality.