高中数学教学新思路探析——分析法教学的探究

数学教学分析法是以师生双边活动为主体,以学生接受知识为目标的一种教学手段,教者导以分析,学者学以分析,知识在分析中得以联系,方法在分析中得以拓展。本文在阐述分析法教学的特点、目的、步骤的基础上,详细地介绍了分析法是知识联系的纽带。     

哈姆雷特经典独白分析

“To be, or not to be”段落是莎士比亚名剧《哈姆雷特》之中的著名独自。关于它的内涵与意义,一直众说纷纭,莫衷一是。本文从文本分析的角度对这一独自进行详细的解析,希望可以找到一条理解它的途径。一方面,从整体的角度出发,将其放置在生成独自的整体语境之中进行分析;另一方面,从文本本身出发,对其进行结构分析,找出各层次之间的结构关联性和互动意涵。     

高校试卷分析系统的研究和开发

考试是教学效果和学习能力最有效的检验手段。试卷分析不但可以对试卷进行恰当的评价,为试卷编制积累经验,提高教师编制试卷的水平,为修改试题和给题库选试题提供依据,而且有助于充分地获得考试提供的教学反馈信息,为改进教学提供依据,为试卷评价准备材料。如何准确、快捷的进行试卷分析,提高试卷分析的效率和精度成了一项迫切的任务。     

CrackMe调试及算法分析

目前网络上最便利于交流学习的CrackMe,已经被程序人员与Cracker爱好者广泛地流传于相互学习交流的平台上,便利大家共同研究、分析、切磋程序人员的最新思路,以及程序人员之间要准备解决与需要攻克的问题。文本主要论述与分析CrackMe的调试及算法。     

语篇分析与大学英语教学

语篇分析是指从语篇的整体出发,对文章进行分析、理解和评价。本文从主题分析、结构分析和文体分析三个方面阐述语篇分析在大学英语教学的阅读、写作和听说方面的作用,语篇分析能在大学英语教学中应用,对大学英语教学改革起到一定的促进作用。     

语文课堂教学活动的传播学分析

从传播学的角度来分析,可将语文课堂教学活动看作是一个信息传播和接收的过程。教师是课堂教学活动的主要传播者,学生是信息的主要接收者。整个语文课堂教学活动,正好对应了传播学始祖拉斯韦尔提出的传播的“五W模式”——谁（Who）、说什么（Sayswhat）、通过什么渠道（Through which Channel）、对谁（Towhom）、取得什么效果（With what effect）。据此,引中出传播研究的五个参数或五个内容：控制分析、内容分析、媒介分析、受众分析和效果分析。本文中,笔者将从传播的五个内容来剖析语文课堂教学活动。     

FOURIER分析和小波分析在信号时域分析中的特性比较

信号处理的任务在于发现信号的特征,并根据信号的特征对其进行有效的处理,而信号的时频分析是信号分析的重要内容。Fourier分析和近几年兴起的小波分析是对领带进行时频分析的有效工具,小波分析的思想来源于Fourier分析,是Fourier分析的新发展,小波函数存在性的证明依赖于Fourier分析,因此它不能完全取代Fourier分析,它们在应用中相辅相成,发挥各自的优点,本章将研究它们的信号时频分析应用中所表现出来的不同特点。     

关于教育政策分析若干理论问题的探讨

政策分析(Policy analysis)在教育界还是一个比较陌生的话题,但随着教育政策研究日渐受到重视,教育政策分析的研究也将提到议事日程。本文仅就教育政策分析理论中的3个基本问题——什么是教育政策分析,教育政策分析什么及如何进行教育政策分析,谈谈个人的一些初步认识。 一 政策分析没有一个统一的定义,学者们对此见仁见智。为了弄清楚教育政策分析这一概念,下面列出6种主要观点进行分析,然后提出我个人的几点看法。     

FOURIER分析和小波分析在信号时频分析中的特性比较

信号处理的任务在于发现信号的特征 ,并根据信号的特征对其进行有效的处理 ,而信号的时频分析是信号分析的重要内容。Fourier分析和近几年兴起的小波分析是对信号进行时频分析的有效工具。小波分析的思想来源于 Fourier分析 ,是 Fourier分析的新发展。小波函数存在性的证明依赖于 Fourier分析 ,因此它不能完全取代 Fourier分析 ,它们在应用中相辅相成 ,发挥各自的优点。本章将研究它们在信号时频分析应用中所表现出来的不同特点     

学情分析的五个层级

学情分析能够为学习目标的确定、教学内容的选择和组织、教学策略及教学媒体的选择与运用等提供参考依据,具体包括学期、单元、课前、课中、课后五个层级,覆盖了教学设计环节、实施以及评价环节,其中,不同层级的学情分析对应不同的宏观—中观—微观层次且具有各自的关注点。     

Prognostic significance of bcl-2 and p53 expression in colorectal carcinoma

INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer ofthe Western world and accounts for approx.Elevenpercent of all cancer deaths in the United States.Aswith other malignancies,colorectal adenocarcinomais thought to develop through the accumulation ofgenetic alterations that inhibit cell growth.Two of theoncogenes that have been implicated in this processare bcl-2and p53,the products of which are involvedin apoptosis,cell proliferation and tumor develop-ment(Garewal et al.,1996).S…     

Adenovirus-mediated wild-type p53 gene transfer in combination with bronchial arterial infusion for treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, one year follow-up

Objective: In the present study, we have examined the safety and efficacy of recombinant adenovirus encoding human p53 tumor suppressor gene (rAd-p53) injection in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the combination with the therapy of bronchial arterial infusion (BAI). Methods: A total of 58 patients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled in a non-randomized, two-armed clinical trial. Of which, 19 received a combination treatment of BAI and rAd-p53 (the combo group), while the remaining 39 were treated with only BAI (the control group). Patients were followed up for 12 months, with safety and local response evaluated by the National Cancer Institute's Common Toxicity Criteria and response evaluation criteria in solid tumor (RECIST), respectively. Time to progression (TTP) and survival rates were also analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: In the combo group,19 patients received a total of 49 injections of rAd-p53 and 46 times of BAI, respectively, while 39 patients in the control group received a total of 113 times of BAI. The combination treatment was found to have less adverse events such as anorexia, nausea and emesis, pain, and leucopenia (P<0.05) but more arthralgia. fever, influenza-like symptom, and myalgia (P<0.05), compared with the control group. The overall response rates (complete response (CR)+partial response (PR)) were 47.3% and 38.4% for the combo group and the control group, respectively (P>0.05). Patients in the combo group had a longer TTP than those in the control group (a median 7.75 vs 5.5 months, P=0.018). However, the combination treatment did not lead to better survival, with survival rates at 3, 6, and 12 months in the combo group being 94.74%, 89.47%, and 52.63%, respectively, com-pared with 92.31%, 69.23%, and 38.83% in the control group (P=0.224). Conclusion: Our results show that the combination of rAd-p53 and BAI was well tolerated in patients with NSCLC and may have improved the quality of life and delayed the disease progression. A further study to better determine the efficacy of this combination therapy is warranted.     

HER2 over-expression and response to different chemotherapy regimens in breast cancer

Purpose To exam the relationship between HER2 over-expression and different adjuvant chemotherapies in breast cancer. Patients and Methods A total of 1625 primary breast cancer patients who received post-surgery adjuvant chemotherapy in Tianjin Cancer Hospital, China, from July 2002 to November 2005 were included in the study. Among them, 600 patients were given CMF (CTX MTX 5-Fu) regimen, 600 given CEF (CTX E-ADM 5-Fu) regimen, and 425 given anthracyclines plus taxanes regimen, with mean follow-up time of 42 months. Results In CMF treatment group, the 3-year disease free survival (DFS)in HER2 over-expressed patients was lower than that of the HER2-negative ones (89.80% vs 91.24%, P=0.0348); in node-positive subgroup, the 3-year DFS was 84.72% in HER2 over-expressed patients, and 90.18% in the HER-2-negative ones (P=0.0271).Compared to CMF regimen, anthracyclines and anthracyclines plus taxanes regimens are more effective (P＜0.05) in node-positive HER2 over-expression than those in the node-negative. Conclusion HER2 over-expression is an independent index for predicting poor prognosis and short DFS for breast cancer patients. HER2 over-expressed patients are resistant to CMF regimen chemotherapy, but sensitive to anthracyclines-based or anthracyclines plus taxanes regimen. HER2 expression can be taken as a marker for therapies in breast cancer.     

环孢素A联合CAG方案治疗MDS转化的急性白血病疗效观察

目的探讨环孢素A（CsA）联合CAG方案治疗骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）转化的急性白血病的疗效和不良反应。方法对16例MDS/AML患者实施CsA联合CAG方案诱导治疗,1个疗程后评估疗效,无效者退出,有效者继续接受下个疗程治疗。随访分析14例患者生存期,评判CsA联合CAG方案的长期疗效。结果 16例MDS/AML患者,1疗程后4例达CR（25.0%）,6例达PR（37.5%）,4例NR（25.0%）;2疗程CR 43.8%,总有效率62.5%。7例大于≥60岁的老年患者中,2疗程1例达CR（14.3%）,2例达PR（28.6%）,2例NR（28.6%）,2例早期死亡,有效率42.9%。随访14例患者中位生存时间11月,1年、2年的生存率分别为50.0%,21.4%。临床不良反应主要为骨髓抑制,其中中性粒细胞〈0.5×109/L发生率87.5%,PLT〈20×109/L发生率81.3%。结论 CsA联合CAG方案治疗MDS/AML安全有效,疗效较为满意。     

Enhancive effect of N,N'-dinitrosopiperazine on inducing precancerous lesion on nasal and/or nasopharyngeal epithelia of TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT mice

Objective: To investigate the enhancive effect ofN, N'-dinitrosopiperazine (DNP) on induced carcinogenesis in nasal and/or nasopharyngeal epithelia among TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT transgenic mice to examine the underlying mechanism for the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: TgN(p53mt-LMPI)/HT transgenic mice and the same strain of C57BL/6J wild-type mice both at the age of 5 months were randomly divided into 2 groups in parallel, respectively, I.e., TgN(p53mt-LMPI)/I-IT cancerous lesion-inducing group (TI), TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT control group (TC), C57BL/6J cancerous lesion-inducing group (CI), and C57BL/6J control group (CC). TI and CI mice were treated only with DNP for 16 weeks, twice each week, while TC and CC mice were given the same volume of saline as controls.At the end of treatment, animals were sacrificed to collect epithelial tissue samples from nasal cavity and nasopharynx for pathohistological evaluation by haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and for determination on the expression ofTRAF2, c-Jun, and pl 6 by immunohistochemistry. Results: Atypical hyperplasia was more significant in the samples of TI than in those of TC, CI, and CC, with the rates of lesions being 90%, 10%, 0, and 0 (P<0.01) respectively, though DNP was used alone in a much shortened inducing period at less dosage and without the use of carcinogenic promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate as usual. The expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) recep-tor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) and c-Jun in these samples were significantly up-regulated in TI (P<0.01), while the expression of p16 was significantly lower in TI than in the other groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT mice hold inherited con-stitutional defect in immune surveillance function, which can be aggravated by environmental carcinogens, such as DNP used even though in a much less strength. The enhanced carcinogenesis-inducing effect of DNP on TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT mice should be closely associated with abnormal signaling of activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathway, especially up-regulated expressions of TRAF2 and c-Jun, and down-regulated expression of p 16.     

Is decompressive craniectomy for malignant middle cerebral artery infarction of any worth？

Objective: Malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction is characterized by mortality rate of up to 80%. The aim of this study was to determine the value of decompressive craniectomy in patients presenting malignant MCA infarction compared with those receiving medical treatment alone. Methods: Patients with malignant MCA infarction treated in our hospital between January 1996 and March 2004 were included in this retrospective analysis. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess neurological status on admission and at one week after surgery. All patients were followed up for assessment of functional outcome by the Barthel index (BI) and modified Rankin Scale (RS) at 3 months after infarction. Results: Ten out of 24 patients underwent decompressive craniectomy. The mean interval between stroke onset and surgery was 62.10 h. The mortality was 10.0% compared with 64.2% in patients who received medical treatment alone (P<0.001). The mean NIHSS score before surgery was 26.0 and 15.4 after surgery (P<0.001). At follow up, patients who underwent surgery had significantly better outcome with mean BI of 53.3, RS of 3.3 as compared to only 16.0 and 4.60 in medically treated patients. Speech function also improved in patients with dominant hemispherical infarction. Conclusion: Decompressive craniectomy in patients with malignant MCA infarction improves both survival rates and functional outcomes compared with medical treatment alone. A randomized controlled trial is required to substantiate those findings.     

胃肠道癌术后化疗T细胞亚群和sIL-2R的比较研究

目的:比较化疗前后T细胞亚群和sIL-2R水平及术后腹腔化疗和静脉化疗T细胞亚群和sIL-2R水平有无差异。方法:54例胃肠道癌症患者,分两组27例,一组接受腹腔化疗,另一组接受静脉化疗,检测血清中T细胞亚群和sIL-2R水平。结果:化疗后血清CD3、CD4和sIL-2R水平较化疗前明显下降(P<0.01)。CD3、CD4、CD8在两治疗组之间相似(P>0.01),但sIL-2R水平腹腔化疗低(0.05P相似文献   

Association of p53 codon 72 polymorphism with liver metastases of colorectal cancers positive for p53 overexpression

Objective: To evaluate the association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism (R72P) and the risk of colorectal liver metastases. Methods: The p53 R72P genotype was identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fi'agment length poly-morphism (PCR-RFLP) method in 78 consecutive colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases and 214 age- and sex-matched cases with nonmetastatic colorectai cancer. Results: The R allele of the p53 R72P polymorphism was more frequently found in metastatic cases than in nonmetastatic cases (P=0.075). Carriers of the 72R allele had a 2.25-fold (95% CI (confidence inter-val)=1.05～4.83) increased risk of liver metastases. On the stratification analysis, 72R-carrying genotype conferred a 3.46-fold (95% CI=1.02～11.72) and a 1.05-fold (95% CI=0.36～3.08) increased risk of liver metastases for p53 overexpression-positive and negative colorectal cancers, respectively. Conclusion: These results demonstrate for the first time that the 72R allele of the p53 polymorphism has an increased risk for liver metastases in colorectal cancers positive for p53 overexpression.     

炎性乳腺癌的诊断和治疗

[目的]:探索炎性乳腺癌的诊断和治疗.[方法]:10例经病理或细胞学检查确诊的炎性乳腺癌先给2~3个周期的CAF(阿霉素+环磷先胺+氟尿嘧啶)方案化疗,然后行总量的2/3量的乳腺及同侧腋窝的放射治疗,放疗结束后休息2周即行乳癌根治切除术,术后切口愈合后再给剩余1/3量的放射治疗,照射胸壁及同侧腋窝和锁骨上使放射总量达到60~70 Gy/野,在放疗前后穿插化疗(CAF)4个周期.[结果]:1例患者未完成治疗出院后1个月死亡.9例患者完成上述序惯治疗,全部病例乳腺红肿、高张消退,乳腺内肿块及同侧腋窝淋巴结明显缩小.手术切除标本检查有5例乳腺内找到癌灶,其中典型炎性癌1例、单纯癌2例、硬癌2例,4例乳腺组织内未找到癌灶.同侧腋窝淋巴结见癌转移7例,同侧锁骨上淋巴结见癌转移2例.生存时间1~28个月,中位生存时间12个月.[结论]:炎性乳腺癌通过序惯治疗可以提高治疗的有效性、延长生命,提高生存质量.     

Expression and significance of cyclin D1, p27kip1 protein in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma

INTRODUCTION Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) is a par-ticular subtype of pulmonary adenocarcinoma de-rived from clara cell and type II pneumocyte. BAC cells grow along and within alveolar spaces while the alveolar framework of the lung is preserved. The incidence of BAC appears to be rising recently. The etiology and pathogenesis of this unique neoplastic disease are still unclear; many studies of oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expression include BAC with all adenocarcinoma o…