中国教育和科研计算机网CERNET的现状和发展

在二十一世纪即将到来之际, 计算机互连网络Internet 的热潮冲击着整个世界。本文介绍了中国第一个国家范围的学术性计算机互连网络: 中国教育和科研计算机网络CERNET, 给出了该项目的建设背景和意义, 描述了它的总体目标和建设策略, 总结了其目前的建设内容和技术特点, 展望了它的进一步发展规划。     

RECESSION HEADLINE NEWS, CONSUMER SENTIMENT, THE STATE OF THE ECONOMY AND PRESIDENTIAL POPULARITY: A TIME SERIES ANALYSIS 1989-1993

During the 1992 American presidential election, the media wereaccused of portraying the economy in a negative light, withboth economic and political consequences for the country. Suchcriticism was based on assumptions concerning relationshipsamong four variables: economic news coverage, public perceptionof the state of the economy (consumer sentiment), the actualstate of the economy, and presidential popularity. This paperseeks to examine the relationships among all four variablesin a way that accounts for inherent time series characteristicsof the data including: potential non-stationarities (or tendenciesfor the series to drift over time) and co-movements among theseries. Hypotheses concerning the nature and direction of influenceamong the four variables are proposed and time series analysesare conducted to test each hypothesis. We use recession-relatedheadlines from the New York Times to represent economic news.Each series is analyzed to isolate its principal characteristics,and tests for co-movement (formally, cointegration) betweenthe series are conducted. Vector autoregression is used to modelthe joint determination of the series, and tests for Grangercausality are conducted. The results show some causal evidencefor a media effect: recession headlines were a significant priorinfluence on the determination of consumer sentiment in thisstudy. There is some limited evidence of an adversarial presseffect, wherein the president's growing popularity rather thanreal world economic conditions appears to have led an increasein the number of recession headlines.     

APPROACHING SERIAL CANCELLATIONS AT WESTERN WASHINGTON STATE COLLEGE

No abstract available for this article.     

PUBLIC LIBRARY NETWORKING VIEWED FROM A STATE LIBRARY AGENCY

Especially over the past 30 years, state library agencies have played a major role in the planning and development of cooperative and networking activities among public libraries and between public libraries and other types of libraries. These activities have been carried out in a great variety of ways, with each state reacting to its own demographic, governmental, and library realities. The federal Library Services and Construction Act has been a major constructive force enabling state library agencies to be effective leaders in cooperative and networking activities. State library agencies and public libraries working together can continue to extend library services by taking leadership in networking activities.     

COLLABORATION,CONSENSUS, AND CONFLICT

Wikinews began in November 2004 as a collaborative online journalism project and sister project of Wikipedia, the well-known collaborative online encyclopedia. This article explores how Wikinews members have defined “news” and the ramifications of that definition for how they have been able to produce news collaboratively. One of the defining characteristics of Wikinews is a dedication to the neutral point of view (NPOV) policy, which was adopted from Wikipedia. NPOV serves as a structuring device for defining news, but also conducts a great deal of organizational work and is in turn structured by the discourses and debates of NPOV in stories. Further, a commitment to an organizational culture of consensus and collaboration, although not without handicaps in a news production environment, is a laudable achievement among Wikinews participants and could be a precursor to the way that citizen journalists will become more involved in news production in a sustainable way.