Auto-hermeneutics: A phenomenological approach to information experience

The need for methodologically rigorous approaches to the study of human experience in LIS has emerged in recent years. Auto-hermeneutics is a research approach that offers a systematic way to study one’s own experiences with information, allowing investigators to explore yet-undocumented contexts, setting precedents for further work in these areas and ultimately deepening our understanding of information experiences. This articulation of auto-hermeneutics is based on the phenomenological method of Heidegger and draws principles from systematic self-observation and interpretative phenomenological analysis. Similarities and differences among auto-hermeneutics and other automethodologies are discussed, along with guidelines for assessing auto-hermeneutic research. Finally, an example of an auto-hermeneutic study illustrates the unique contributions this approach affords.     

国外博客搜索引擎的比较研究

介绍了国外著名博客搜索引擎的基本特征,并结合检索举例,从覆盖范围、可靠性方面进行了比较和分析,揭示它们各自的优点与不足。     

“Bonded design”: A novel approach to intergenerational information technology design

Based upon research involving two intergenerational teams comprising elementary school students and adults, whose task was to design a Web portal interface for young users, the authors present a new model for designing new technologies, “bonded design.” This model emphasizes an intergenerational partnership working towards a common goal; in this it shares similarities with the cooperative inquiry design model and its conviction that children should play an active role in the design of new technologies for their peers. At the same time, in common with the informant design model, it questions the extent to which equality can exist within an intergenerational team. Bonded design, essentially, is situated between these other two design models, sharing the former's belief in the ability of children to work as partners in all aspects of the design process, but the latter's reservations about the extent to which full and equal cooperation can be established across the generational divide.     

线索民族志：互联网传播研究的新视角

随着数字技术迅速发展,互联网已经成为人类"生活"的重要场域,并且成为了传播学和人类学的重要研究领域。不过,传统以微观观察以及社区研究见长的田野调查是否适用于当前的互联网研究?虚拟民族志是否能够对互联网进行有效研究?这些问题亟待回答。本文通过梳理田野调查的历史演进,对比互联网发展现状,指出了传统田野调查以及虚拟民族志研究方法在互联网研究中的困境。在此基础上引入了"线索民族志",这种研究方法突破了静态的定点观察方式,转向围绕人或者物的行动轨迹及其生发的各类现象进行探究,从而超越了对点的理解,实现对线和面的整体把握。这就要求研究过程中必须将人或物放置在更为宏大的背景中考察,形成一种动态开放的研究新视角。本文结合互联网研究特点,指出了线索民族志在以问题为导向的互联网传播研究、以事件为中心的互联网传播研究、以过程为核心的互联网传播研究中的可能及其策略。     

A multidisciplinary approach to information management and critical appraisal instruction: a controlled study.

A study of the effectiveness of a collaborative course in teaching library and critical appraisal skills was conducted at the University of Illinois College of Medicine. A critical appraisal and library skills course was taught at the Peoria site during the third-year medical clerkship. The performance of Peoria students on a twenty-item multiple choice posttest was compared to that of third-year students in Rockford, who received no library or critical appraisal instruction during their medicine clerkship. The two groups were similar in self-perceived library skills, critical appraisal skills, and other demographic values. Peoria students scored significantly higher on library, critical appraisal, and total posttest questions. An improving trend during the year was not observed at either site, implying that students were not acquiring these skills in day-to-day clerkship activities. Results suggest that this multidisciplinary course is effective in teaching library and critical appraisal skills.     

House proud: an ethnography of the BC Gay and Lesbian Archives

Located in the Vancouver apartment of gay liberation activist and retired professional librarian Ron Dutton, the BC Gay and Lesbian Archives continues to be a major repository of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) historical materials in British Columbia, Canada, after 40 years of activity. This paper draws on ethnographic fieldwork to examine the motivations behind, perceptions of and activities associated with maintaining the BC Gay and Lesbian Archives as a “semipublic” organization that provides archival services for the public in a private home. By creating a textured account of the BC Gay and Lesbian Archives as a home-based organization, this paper articulates an LGBT, community-based approach to archiving. The findings demonstrate that locating an archives in a private home involves a constant negotiation between issues of the public/private divide of what is considered accessible and inaccessible, sustainable and unsustainable, safe and unsafe. This article also articulates how home-based archiving more broadly challenges the divide between personal and institutional archives and contributes to scholarship pertaining to personal, autonomous, grassroots and social movement archives.     

From vision to reality—Managing changein the provision of library and information services to nurses,midwives, health visitors and PAMs:a case study of the North Thames experience with the Inner London Consortium

One ofthe North Thames’ pioneering consortia, the Inner London Consortium (ILC) is a complexbody which includes NHS Trusts with teaching hospital university connections, community-basedTrusts and general hospital acute Trusts. Within the consortium there are 12000 trained nurses,midwives, health visitors and other professional staff working in the professions allied to medicine(PAMs), all of whom require access to and provision of appropriate library information services. In 1994, taking into account experiences elsewhere in the Region and nationally, itbecame clear that library issues were complex and would become acute with the move of nursinglibraries from ILC Trust sites over a very short timescale. A report on the issues commissioned bythe Consortium recommended that a library project, which built on existing NHS Trust PGMDEfunded library resources and moved these to a multidisciplinary base to serve the consortiummembership, be implemented. The objective of providing access to library informationservices for nurses and PAMs was achieved. Successes that emerged from the implementationincluded: The registration in Trust libraries of almost 12000 new members within theinitial 6-month monitoring period. The development of service level agreements andstandards for the delivery of services to these new user groups. This paper describes theprocesses behind these significant and complex changes.     

Ranking journals using social choice theory methods: A novel approach in bibliometrics

We use data on economic, management and political science journals to produce quantitative estimates of (in)consistency of the evaluations based on six popular bibliometric indicators (impact factor, 5-year impact factor, immediacy index, article influence score, SNIP and SJR). We advocate a new approach to the aggregation of journal rankings. Since the rank aggregation is a multicriteria decision problem, ranking methods from social choice theory may solve it. We apply either a direct ranking method based on the majority rule (the Copeland rule, the Markovian method) or a sorting procedure based on a tournament solution, such as the uncovered set and the minimal externally stable set. We demonstrate that the aggregate rankings reduce the number of contradictions and represent the set of the single-indicator-based rankings better than any of the six rankings themselves.     

Enhancing the student experience: A case study of a library peer mentor program

In the fall semester of 2010 the University of Saskatchewan Library piloted a Library Peer Mentor initiative as part of a larger Peer Assisted Learning (PAL) program offered by the University Learning Centre. As partners in the Learning Commons located in the Murray Library, it made sense that the program should expand to include library peer mentors. After four years, personal interviews were conducted with current and former library peer mentors to consider their experience in the program and what impact it has had on them. The case study highlights how academic libraries can collaborate and broaden their scope to incorporate peer learning strategies and provide new opportunities to enhance the student experience.     

Requirements engineering for e-Government services: A citizen-centric approach and case study

Throughout the last decade, user involvement in e-Government service design has been virtually non-existent. Over time, e-Government experts began to realize that these services would benefit from a citizen-centric requirements engineering approach which has led to a demand for such an approach for this particular field. This article presents a citizen-centric approach towards user requirements engineering for e-Government services. It utilizes interviews and citizen walkthroughs of low-fidelity prototypes. A case study of a social support portal illustrates the approach and shows the need for repeated citizen inquiry, as the implementation of user requirements in low-fidelity prototype design is not always accepted by prospective end-users.     

How to unring the bell: A meta-analytic approach to correction of misinformation

The study reports on a meta-analysis of attempts to correct misinformation (k?=?65). Results indicate that corrective messages have a moderate influence on belief in misinformation (r?=?.35); however, it is more difficult to correct for misinformation in the context of politics (r?=?.15) and marketing (r?=?.18) than health (r?=?.27). Correction of real-world misinformation is more challenging (r?=?.14), as opposed to constructed misinformation (r?=?.48). Rebuttals (r?=?.38) are more effective than forewarnings (r?=?.16), and appeals to coherence (r?=?.55) outperform fact-checking (r?=?.25), and appeals to credibility (r?=?.14).     

Co-streaming classes: a follow-up study in improving the user experience to better reach users

Co-streaming classes have enabled library staff to extend open classes to distance education students and other users. Student evaluations showed that the model could be improved. Two areas required attention: audio problems experienced by online participants and staff teaching methods. Staff tested equipment and adjusted software configuration to improve user experience. Staff training increased familiarity with specialized teaching techniques and troubleshooting procedures. Technology testing and staff training were completed, and best practices were developed and applied. Class evaluations indicate improvements in classroom experience. Future plans include expanding co-streaming to more classes and on-going data collection, evaluation, and improvement of classes.     

国外信息素质培养特点综述

本文旨在通过对国外信息素质培养特点的研究来借鉴其先进经验,从而为完善我国IL培养实践提供参照作用。     

国内外竞争情报系统的比较研究

文章选取目前国内外具有代表性的四个竞争情报系统--Knowledge Works、STRATEGY!、TRS CIS、CCID-eCIS,从运行环境、技术、功能、可扩展性和集成化、用户五方面对它们进行比较研究,为竞争情报系统开发和应用提供启迪和借鉴.     

国内外联想式信息检索研究综述

本文通过对国内外联想式信息检索的相关研究进行文献调查，总结国内外联想式信息检索研究的概况和存在的问题，并对未来研究方向进行展望。     

中国出国留学潮25年决策揭密

1978年12月26日,中国改革开放后的第一批留学人员--52名国家公派访问学者搭飞机离京赴美,揭开了新时期中国内地出国留学教育的序幕.时光荏苒,到2003年12月底正好25周年整.25年,整整一代人的光阴,这一时期的出国留学教育,对中国社会的进步和经济的发展,产生了巨大、深远的影响,在中国发展前进的道路上留下了一道深刻而闪亮轨协.     

User experience methodology: from the physical to the emotional

• Understanding users is vital to any interface design.
• People vary enormously – this affects not only the design but also the ways that we assess interface design success.
• To fully understand users we need to pair quantitative data with qualitative research.

     

Weeding: A quantitative and qualitative approach

This approach to weeding an academic library collection combines recorded use, checking of lists and bibliographies, the expertise of librarians and faculty members, and accessibility to develop a model weeding procedure. The results and benefits of using this approach in a medium-sized university are described and discussed.     

Cindy Sherman: A Play of Selves. A collaborative approach to conservation

In 2013, The Better Image (TBI) was contacted to examine A Play of Selves, a unique work created by artist Cindy Sherman during her graduate studies in 1975. The work is composed of 244 paper doll-like photographs of Sherman that are presented within 72 frames. During initial condition checks, it was noted that a number of individual elements had begun to show signs of chemical staining. Over the course of 2013/2014, a collaborative response was developed with the help of the artist, the artist's printer, the representing gallery, TBI staff and the owner. The main goal was to address the physical and chemical issues present and preserve this work for future exhibition and study. Determining an effective decision- making model based on a hierarchy of values was crucial before undertaking any conservation treatment, as there were several invested parties, each with a different perspective. The focus of this paper is the interplay of our responsibilities as conservators with the concerns of the artist, her gallery, her printer, and the owner to balance aesthetic vs. physical integrity of the artwork, reversibility of treatments, importance of record keeping while developing a balanced response within a world of rapidly disappearing traditional photographic papers.