Use and perceptions of information among family physicians: sources considered accessible,relevant, and reliable

Objectives:

The research determined (1) the information sources that family physicians (FPs) most commonly use to update their general medical knowledge and to make specific clinical decisions, and (2) the information sources FPs found to be most physically accessible, intellectually accessible (easy to understand), reliable (trustworthy), and relevant to their needs.

Methods:

A cross-sectional postal survey of 792 FPs and locum tenens, in full-time or part-time medical practice, currently practicing or on leave of absence in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan was conducted during the period of January to April 2008.

Results:

Of 666 eligible physicians, 331 completed and returned surveys, resulting in a response rate of 49.7% (331/666). Medical textbooks and colleagues in the main patient care setting were the top 2 sources for the purpose of making specific clinical decisions. Medical textbooks were most frequently considered by FPs to be reliable (trustworthy), and colleagues in the main patient care setting were most physically accessible (easy to access).

Conclusions:

When making specific clinical decisions, FPs were most likely to use information from sources that they considered to be reliable and generally physically accessible, suggesting that FPs can best be supported by facilitating easy and convenient access to high-quality information.

Highlights

• Medical textbooks were the most popular information source for family physicians'' (FPs'') clinical decision-making purposes, and medical journals were the most popular information source for the purpose of updating FPs'' general medical knowledge.
• FPs considered medical textbooks to be the most reliable (trustworthy) source, colleagues the most physically accessible, and continuing medical education the most relevant and intellectually accessible.
• The lowest ranked information sources across all four attributes were personal digital assistants, mental health professionals, pharmaceutical sales representatives, and other decision aids.

Implications

• The most popular information sources for clinical decision-making purposes among FPs were sources characterized as reliable and generally physically accessible.
• This study suggests the need for further research into interventions that target information access barriers in FPs'' practice settings and the promotion of reliable evidence for FPs'' clinical decision-making purposes.

     

Can't get to the library? Then we’ll come to you. A survey of library services to people in their own homes in the United Kingdom

Abstract Aims: To determine the current level of library service to people in their own homes in the United Kingdom and to compare it with results from previous surveys. It is many years since a similar survey has been undertaken or guidelines produced and it is hoped that this work will help fill the gap. Methods: A questionnaire was sent in January 2004 to all public library authorities in the UK, a total of 208; 72% (149) were returned in the timescale allowed. The questionnaire covered the criteria for eligibility to receive a home library service; service structure and delivery: who delivers the service (specialist librarians or specialist non‐professional staff, branch library staff or volunteers); training; range of material and services provided; reading aids; materials for reminiscence; information provision; transporting people to the library; services to people in residential homes, sheltered accommodation, nursing homes and day centres; reader development; lifelong learning; and publicity and promotion. The focus of the survey was on quality issues and good practice wherever possible. Results: The number of customers receiving a service to ‘housebound’ readers in the UK in 2001/2 was 123 407. In 1984 it was 43 807 people in England. This still bears little relation to the number of people who should be receiving the service. The majority used paid staff (88%). Volunteers supported 52% of the services, with most having links with staff. There were opportunities to improve and develop services under the Disability Discrimination Act 1995. The service was publicized and promoted by only 62% of the respondents. Of those that use paid staff and that answered this question, 73% provide disability equality training for staff. Only 21% provide disability equality training for volunteers. Only 36% are involved in reader development or lifelong learning and only 23% provide a newsletter in print, 11% on tape and 3% in Braille; 12% take laptops into people's homes. Conclusions: Many authorities were still providing a tokenistic service and were reluctant to publicize for fear of not coping with demand, which makes them vulnerable legally under the DDA. However, there were some excellent examples of good practice where the full range of services are provided to a high standard.     

北京地区社区卫生服务人员文献信息需求分析与对策研究

调查显示,社区卫生服务人员在日常诊疗过程中的信息需求主要是"疾病基本诊疗信息"和"药品信息",占总需求的92.8%,当前满足率为41%;在科研、学习和论文写作过程中的信息需求主要集中在中文图书、中文期刊、教材、指南和规范等方面,占总需求的69.6%,当前满足率为35.1%。指出建立以社区卫生信息系统为基础、以本地区医院图书馆(室)为依托、以现有NSTL、CALIS、BALIS等为补充的文献保障体系是解决信息需求满足率不高这一问题的根本途径。     

新媒体背景下学术期刊信息传播路径探索

新媒体背景下,学术阅读的经济形态、信息载体和传播平台都发生很大变化,学术阅读变成服务阅读需求为核心,注重学术信息传播、阅读、思考、分享、互动、评价等,学术阅读呈现浅阅读、碎片化、单篇化的阅读模式.传统学术期刊面临巨大的冲击和挑战,阅读群体在减少,数字阅读成为未来学术阅读的发展趋势.传统学术期刊要利用新兴媒体技术特点和优势,改变学术期刊的单一传播模式,明确服务对象与服务内容,创新服务理念,实现学术信息双向传播,实现学术阅读的规范化、有序化、数字化和社会化.     

移动互联网用户阅读交流行为研究

在梳理交流与协作信息行为相关研究成果的基础上,提出移动阅读交流行为模型。实证研究发现,大部分移动阅读用户都会与别人交流阅读内容,26-30岁、本科学历的用户移动阅读交流的比例最高,收入越高的用户交流比例越高;即时通信工具和微博是当前移动阅读交流最受欢迎的公共平台,腾讯、新浪、中国移动、百度的阅读平台是最受欢迎的专门阅读社区;移动阅读用户交流最多的对象是自己的好友,其次是其他读者和作者;交流最多的内容是评论,其次是摘要,再次是阅读笔记、标签、批注等;使用最多的移动阅读交流方法是聊天讨论,其次是发表评论,再次是转发、发表日志心情、关注或收看收听、上传、推荐;移动阅读交流后最多的延伸行为是查询了解相关知识,其次是访问相关链接网站。基于调查分析结论,提出有针对性地改进移动阅读服务内容和方式的策略。     

我国图书馆科普阅读推广实践调查与分析——以第二届科普阅读推广案例征集活动获奖图书馆为例

[目的/意义] 探究目前我国图书馆开展科普阅读推广活动的实践案例及服务特色，以期为业界开展更优质丰富的科普阅读推广活动提供参考。[方法/过程] 以第二届科普阅读推广案例征集活动获奖的20所图书馆为调研对象，通过调查各个图书馆官网、微信公众号及相关网站获取关于科普阅读推广活动的信息，选择部分图书馆进行实地考察及采访，深入探究这些图书馆所开展的所有科普阅读推广实践活动，并着重分析其中3个特色案例。[结果/结论] 针对今后我国图书馆科普阅读推广活动的进一步开展提出如下思考与建议：基于读者需求，贴近实际生活；丰富活动项目，创新主题内容；关注弱势群体，惠及全体市民；寻求多方合作，提高活动质量；强化新媒体运用，推进数字化建设等。     

Scholarly journal use and reading behavior of social scientists in Taiwan

This paper reports on a study of social scientists’ information seeking and use of scholarly journals to support scholarly communication and information needs. The goals of the study are: to explore the characteristics of information needs for social scientists; to discuss the importance of scholarly journals to social scientists and their information seeking and access means; to identify article reading patterns of social scientists; and to make comparisons between scholarly journals use and reading patterns of social scientists and other scientists in Taiwan and the USA. The author used a questionnaire survey and interview methods to investigate the information seeking, use and reading of scholarly journals, and article deep reading patterns of social scientists. The target population was social science faculty members from National Cheng-chi University in Taiwan. The article explores the characteristics of information needs for social scientists and shows that scholarly journals are important information resources for university social science faculty. Social science faculty in Taiwan use scholarly journals in multiple languages, mainly English, Chinese, German, and Japanese, which is different from scientists in the United States. In addition, they use electronic journals more than print journals. The number of article readings by social science faculty members was approximately 195 readings per year and nearly 440 h were spent reading per year. In contrast to scientists in the United States, the social scientists in Taiwan read fewer readings, spent more time reading, and read older articles. In addition, the study identifies article reading patterns of social scientists and proposes a six-type taxonomy of article deep reading. The study reports the scholarly journal use and reading behavior model of social scientists and shows there are some differences in scholarly journal seeking and use by social science faculty in Taiwan and scientists in the United States. Further studies of scholarly journal and electronic journal use and reading by social scientists across countries, subject disciplines, and languages of journals are needed.     

Children in hospital: II. Reading therapy and children in hospital

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高校图书馆期刊的导向性服务刍议

在现代化环境下,高校图书馆期刊服务的重点应从提供文献资源、馆藏期刊目录、一般咨询服务等转移到导向性服务上.导向性服务包括实体信息导向和程序方法导向两方面.高校图书馆期刊工作,只有认真开展导向性服务,图书馆才能真正成为读者获取新的知识信息的重要基地.     

The informationist: building evidence for an emerging health profession

Background:

To encourage evidence-based practice, an Annals of Internal Medicine editorial called for a new professional on clinical teams: an informationist trained in science or medicine as well as information science.

Objectives:

The study explored the effects of informationists on information behaviors of clinical research teams, specifically, frequency of seeking information for clinical or research decisions, range of resources consulted, perceptions about access to information, confidence in adequacy of literature searches, and effects on decision making and practice. It also explored perceptions about training and experience needed for successful informationists.

Methods:

Exploratory focus groups and key interviews were followed by baseline and follow-up surveys conducted with researchers and clinicians receiving the service. Survey data were analyzed with Pearson''s chi-square or Fisher''s exact test.

Results:

Comparing 2006 to 2004 survey responses, the researchers found that study participants reported: seeking answers to questions more frequently, spending more time seeking or using information, believing time was less of an obstacle to finding or using information, using more information resources, and feeling greater satisfaction with their ability to find answers. Participants'' opinions on informationists'' qualifications evolved to include both subject knowledge and information searching expertise.

Conclusion:

Over time, clinical research teams with informationists demonstrated changes in their information behaviors, and they valued an informationist''s subject matter expertise more.

Highlights

• Informationist involvement in traditional team activities—going on rounds and searching and critically evaluating the literature—increased over time.
• As the relationship between a clinical team and informationist developed, activities expanded to include projects such as development of wikis, databases, and websites.
• Clinical teams came to view subject knowledge as key to an informationist''s preparation; however, their expertise as information scientists was valued most highly.
• “Initiative,” approaching research staff in their workplace, was the one personal trait focus group participants agreed on as most desirable for an informationist.
• When first introduced to the concept, researchers cited customization of services to team needs as a major benefit.

Implications

• To assure a successful informationist program, libraries must be prepared to commit time and money.
• Whether informationists or not, librarians should be prepared to support users'' increased need for genetics and molecular biology information.

     

农村科普期刊市场细分及泛化策略

随着农村人口素质、结构、需求的变化,农村科普期刊大众化读者定位已与之不相适应,需运用市场细分和市场泛化理论,重新分析期刊发行地理区域、读者对象、对象需求以及对象需求相似性,调整农村科普期刊定位及编辑思路.     

Librarians as Authors in Higher Education and Teaching and Learning Journals in the Twenty-First Century: An Exploratory Study

The future of academic libraries largely depends on our ability to be innovative, anticipate our users' needs, adapt to a changing landscape, and prove our value through evidence. However, if our higher education colleagues do not perceive the profession as being relevant, our ability to innovate, anticipate, and adapt will be moot. This study investigates the visibility of librarians as authors in scholarly higher education (HE) and teaching and learning (TL) journals between 2000 and 2012. Findings include that 1.38% of articles published in these journals were written by a librarian author or authors, most of who are employed at research institutions. Information literacy was the most common topic, and theoretical articles were the most popular article type.     

Print versus electronic journals: a preliminary investigation into the effect of journal format on research processes

Purpose: To begin investigating the impact of electronic journals on research processes such as information seeking, the authors conducted a pilot journal-use study to test the hypothesis that patrons use print and electronic journals differently.Methodology: We placed fifteen high-use print titles also available in electronic format behind the circulation desk; patrons were asked to complete a survey upon requesting a journal. We also conducted a parallel survey of patrons using library computers. Both surveys asked patrons to identify themselves by user category and queried them about their journal use.Results: During the month-long study, patrons completed sixty-nine surveys of electronic and ninety surveys of print journal use. Results analysis indicated that fellows, students, and residents preferred electronic journals, and faculty preferred print journals. Patrons used print journals for reading articles and scanning contents; they employed electronic journals for printing articles and checking references. Users considered electronic journals easier to access and search than print journals; however, they reported that print journals had higher quality text and figures.Discussion/Conclusion: This study is an introductory step in examining how electronic journals affect research processes. Our data revealed that there were distinct preferences in format among categories. In addition to collection management implications for libraries, these data also have implications for publishers and educators; current electronic formats do not facilitate all types of uses and thus may be changing learning patterns as well.     

个体从业人员阅读需求与基层图书馆阅读服务体系建设

[目的/意义] 通过调查个体从业人员这一群体的阅读需求满足情况，考察基层图书馆阅读服务体系的建设状况。[方法/过程] 深度访谈30名个体从业人员并调查周边基层图书馆，分析他们的阅读需求满足情况。[结果/结论] 受访者通过移动阅读设备、网上书城、实体书店、图书馆满足阅读需求，手机接触率最高，图书馆接触率最低。社区图书室缺少独立的阅读空间，阅读资源有限，无专职管理人员，日常阅读服务缺位。原因在于：区图书馆无法参与社区图书室管理，对区图书馆的评估不能促进社区图书室主动发挥作用。建议加强政府层面的协调、强化区县图书馆对社区图书室的管理职能；帮助社区图书室开展标准化的日常服务；把社区图书室服务条件和服务效能纳入社区和区县图书馆考核指标体系。     

科技期刊增强科普功能建设面临的问题与路径思考

在新媒体时代,公众阅读兴趣与习惯发生变化,科技期刊若要进一步发展,则可以从增强科普功能的角度来探索有效路径。本文通过分析科技期刊增强科普功能的意义与优势,阐述当前科技期刊所要承担的社会责任。通过分析科技期刊在科普功能建设方面的不足,提出了相应的建设思路:突发事件时进行应急科普;对专业论著进行科普化解读;开设科普专栏;发行科普增刊;充分利用新媒体平台的功能;采用视觉化的科普方式;获取国家政策支持——以此实现科技期刊的经济效益与社会效益的双丰收。     

Further developing the library curriculum: skills for life delivery

This feature discusses how the library curriculum was developed at Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust Library Service to aid the delivery of Skills for Life. In particular, the feature describes how, through collaboration with learndirect, literacy and numeracy skills were embedded into the broader library and information skills training programme. The article reports on how the programme resulted in the provision of qualifications and skills development opportunities to NHS staff, and an increase in the NHS library profile.     

The value of information supplied to clinicians by health libraries: devising an outcomes–based assessment of the contribution of libraries to clinical decision–making

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读者服务的新宠——读书沙龙

美国联机图书馆中心的研究显示,目前最受读者欢迎的图书导读方式是在图书馆与他人分享阅读经验和体会,即图书馆建立读书沙龙,为读者阅读与交流创建空间。通过对东北财经大学图书馆读者服务情况调查可以发现,读者对馆藏品种和数量的基本满意度比较高,读者普遍认为图书馆的网上信息是最可信赖的,读者的阅读倾向是纸质和电子文献并行使用。为满足读者阅读需求,图书馆应开设读书沙龙,重视相关工作人员素质培养,遵循平等、真诚的读者服务原则,提供免费的公益性服务。     

medline-for-Medics: an online searching course for health-care professionals

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A qualitative study of the impact of electronic journals on scholarly information behavior

A qualitative study of the impact of electronic journals on the information behavior of academic researchers at Catalan universities shows that academic researchers now read more, and more widely. However, their reading is becoming more superficial; they are compelled to improve their discrimination skills in order to decide what to read in more depth. The electronic accessibility of journals means that researchers now make fewer library visits. Web browsing and table of contents (TOC) e-mail alerts are replacing physical browsing, and searching is a very popular option for keeping up to date with developments. Internet search engines, especially Google and Google Scholar, are becoming important sources of information for researchers. However, they face problems in managing their personal scientific information.