Reorienting teaching standards: learning from lesson study

Teaching standards are regularly described as a mechanism for improving the status of the teaching profession and as a means to develop high-quality teachers. Less attention has been paid to the difficulties of fostering professional learning when externally produced standards are imposed on teachers. This paper outlines how lesson study can inform the use of teaching standards to shift the focus to centre on learning rather than teaching to richly inform national and international views on the use of teaching standards. More specifically, it explores how lesson study was a powerful process that developed a lived understanding of teaching standards and fostered two significant discursive shifts in teacher understanding of standards: from individual to collegial activity; and secondly from statements of teaching to centring the focus on processes of learning.     

提高体育院校学生学习积极性的教学改革研究

能否调动学生的学习积极性,是教学是否成功的关键。从近年来对我国体育院校学生学习积极性的现状调查来看,学生学习积极性普遍不高,这也在很大程度上阻碍了我国体育教学改革的发展继承。因而进行提高体育院校学生学习积极性的教学改革探索十分必要的,本文分析了进行提高学生学习积极性教学改革必要性,对造成学生学习积极性受挫的因素进行深入剖析,并在此基础上,提出了一系列的改革措施。     

Understanding teacher learning in secondary education: The relations of teacher activities to changed beliefs about teaching and learning

In this study, relations between learning activities of teachers and changes in their beliefs were examined. Thirty-four teachers in Dutch secondary education were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their beliefs about teaching and learning on two occasions. They were also asked to report on learning activities that they undertook. Teachers who had changed their beliefs in a direction congruent with the aims of recent educational reforms often reported experimentation with colleagues' teaching methods. Teachers who changed their beliefs in a direction that was not congruent with the reform often reported experimentation with alternative methods due to discontent with the effectiveness of current methods.     

专业学习共同体视角下我国高校教研室建设策略

高校教研室是承担大学功能的重要载体,在执行教学计划、开展教学改革、提高教师素质等方面发挥着重要作用。当前,教研室在高校管理中逐步被边缘化,出现了过于行政化和"去教研室"的倾向,使得教师合作文化、教学研究功能和教师职业认同感缺失。具有生态特点和思维方式的专业学习共同体,不仅能为教研室转型发展和组织创新提供一个新的启示,也能为教师专业发展提供实践平台。为此,应从构建平等的参与机制、确立共同的愿景、培育教师合作文化、构建个人实践性知识的共享机制、完善支持性体系等方面入手,着力将教研室建设成为一个专业学习共同体。     

以社会贡献界定卓越科研:澳大利亚大学的社会互动与影响力评价

随着知识生产模式的现代转型,大学科研活动面临日益加重的社会问责,科研评价关注的焦点逐渐从重视科研数量与质量的内部评价转向注重科研社会贡献度与影响力的外部评价。在大学卓越科研评估的基础上,2018年澳大利亚政府引入了社会互动与影响力评价。作为大学卓越科研评估的配套评价机制,社会互动与影响力评价以其更加精细化、立体化的指标体系设计,引导大学在科研活动全过程中积极与政府、产业及社会进行互动和协作,较好地兼顾了结果评价与过程评价,突出了社会贡献能力培育与机制建设,充分挖掘了科研评价的激励与导向作用。借鉴社会互动与影响力评价的评估思路,我国在清理“五唯”的过程中应明确建立质量与贡献并重的科研绩效评价体系,对大学科研的社会互动过程与实际贡献给予更多关注。     

Explaining discrepancies between teacher beliefs and teacher interventions in a problem-based learning environment: A mixed methods study

The purpose of this study was to explore the discrepancy between teacher beliefs and behavior in a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) environment. Using a survey and observations, this study demonstrated that tutors prefer learner-oriented beliefs, but in their teacher behavior they showed a more traditional approach to teaching. Analysis of semi-structured interviews indicated that this inconsistency could be attributed to the way in which problem-based learning is embedded in the curriculum, the confidence teachers have in the self-directed capabilities of students, and the self-confidence of teachers regarding their own facilitation skills.     

大学英语教学中学生自主学习能力的培养

近年来,自主学习理论因能较好地培养学生自学能力而日益受到重视,并成为大学英语教学提高教学质量的一个重要切入点。在教学实践中,强化自主学习能力需要学生和教师双方面的努力。学生要树立适合自主学习的学习策略,摆脱高中阶段完全依赖教师的习惯,逐步养成自己能制定学习计划、选择合适的学习方式、安排学习任务、监控学习过程并且最终具有反思能力的元认知学习思路。教师要利用项目式教学法促进有利于自主学习的学习风格形成,进而提高教学质量,提高学生自主学习能力。     

英语教学中的文化教育

在英语教学中,人们对语言与文化关系的错误理解主要表现在两点,一是认为外语教学的主要目的是语言知识的教学;另一点认为目前的教学内容使文化教学难以进行.本文结合对这两个问题的讨论,探讨交际性语言教学中,处理好文化与语言关系的必要性和可能性,并提出一些建议.     

Using technology for enhancing teaching and learning in Bangladesh: challenges and consequences

The increasing use of media and technologies for enhancing teaching and learning is an important current trend to overcome the challenges of schooling and teacher training in the changing world. Many countries in the Global South are trying to adopt technologies in their school and teacher training systems to achieve the UN Millennium Development Goals. Though some recent research shows impacts of using technologies for enhancing teaching and learning in technology-poor contexts, no research actually addresses the challenges and difficulties associated with using the technologies in those specific contexts. This article presents interview data derived from secondary schools teachers in Bangladesh, in a context beset with many difficulties associated with technology use. In a pilot project, Apple iPods were introduced in 2009 to explore the challenges and consequences of using technology in schools. The data reveal the implications for the teachers’ professional development when they used the iPod as a multimedia player to access educational resources made available to support teaching and learning. This article has also thrown some light on current debates about using technologies for enhancing teaching and learning in technology-poor contexts.     

Undergraduate experiences of the research/teaching nexus across the whole student lifecycle

ABSTRACT

There is currently much interest in the interconnections between research and teaching in Higher Education. This relationship is usually termed ‘the research/teaching nexus’ (RTN). However, within this wide body of literature, there has been little attempt to explore the emergent experiences of students across the entire length of their degree programme. Drawing on the results of a three-year qualitative study that followed 40 students through their whole student lifecycle, this paper explores how undergraduates in an English university experienced the RTN, how those experiences developed over time, and how these changes can be variously enabled or constrained. Situating the findings in the context of the ‘post-truth’ society and the uncertainty of employment futures, the paper highlights how the nexus can also often serve to exclude students as much as it includes.     

论教学理论的重建

传统的教学理论是与近 3 0 0多年来的社会历史密切地联系在一起的 ,它致力于教学理论的形式化以及理性化的教学研究方法 ,远离真实的教学情景 ,使教与学的关系线性化 ,并将教学内容和教学方法套路化。进行教学理论的重建既是必需的 ,也是可能的。在 2 1世纪 ,教学理论在思想方法、现实基础、范畴体系上都必须发生转变 ,教学实践的生动性和丰富多彩将进一步得到展现。     

澳大利亚教学专业标准的制定及启示

自上世纪80年代以来,为推动教师专业发展,国际社会兴起了教学专业标准的开发热潮。2003年,澳大利亚首次公布了国家教学专业标准,并通过不断修订,使其日臻完善。本文试图探讨澳大利亚教学专业标准的制定理念、内容、适用范围及评估,以期从理论上对我国当前教学专业标准的研究和制定提供借鉴与启发。     

研究性学习在高校教学中的研究与实践

提出一种全新的学习方式,研究如何把创新能力培养融入高校教学当中。将研究理论成功应用于全校计算机基础课程教学。     

学习论在理数字化对外汉语教学中的运用

本文将现代教育技术理论基础的四种学习理论：行为主义、认知主义、人本主义和建构主义分别与数字化对外汉语教学相结合,在探讨各个学习理论,如何指导教育技术用于课堂汉语教学以及远程汉语教学中的基础之上,总结出这些理论在数字化对外汉语教学中的具体运用。     

从教与学的良性循环探讨大学英语课堂教学互动

在以学生为主体的课堂上,教与学是一种互动的形式。在英语教学中,教师应当善于且有效地实施互动模式,加强师生间交流,促进教与学的良性循环。     

浅谈高等数学的教与学

数学是一门比较抽象的学科,是一切自然科学的基础。在当今的社会,科技的进步和发展越来越要求人们更好地掌握和利用数学,数学成为了人们不可或缺的必需品。本文阐述了学习高等数学的意义,其对象和特点,以及教师如何教学生如何学的问题。     

感知学习风格与教学互动模式研究初探

对学生感知学习风格的了解有利于减少教师对学生的"偏见",为建立良好的教学互动模式打下基础。某种学习偏好可能有助于某种学习技能的培养和提高,老师应帮助学生发展全面平衡的学习风格以适应不同的学习任务,使得学生的学习更有成效。此过程可以加深学生对老师的信任,促进教学互动模式的和谐发展。     

建构主义学习理论与高校体育教学改革的研究

建构主义是20世纪90年代以来兴起于西方国家的一种社会科学理论,它是学习理论中行为主义发展到认知主义后的进一步发展,被称为"当代教育心理学中的一场革命"。本文力图在建构主义理论的思想指导下,结合当前我国高校体育教学的实际情况,对我国高校体育改革进行研究与探讨,这对推进我国高校体育改革必将产生重大的影响。     

项目学习和情境教学在CAD／CAM教学中的应用

在分析了机械CAD／CAM技术课程的特点以及教学难点的基础上,指出了传统教学模式存在的问题,为解决该课程需要的工程背景知识较多、内容抽象以及学生工程背景缺乏的问题,将项目学习引入到CAD／CAM课程教学中,旨在实现任务驱动的学习,发挥学生学习的积极性和主动性,并通过虚拟工程情境辅助课程的理论教学和项目学习的实施环节,全面提升教学质量。