英国学校督导体系变革的特点及其启示

用历史的眼光审视20世纪90年代以来英国督导制度的演变过程,剖析英国督导框架历次修订中所进行的制度改进,可以发现英国督导体系变革呈现出如下主要新特点:强化督导的发展性功能,注重学校改进;把儿童青少年放在第一位,强调全体学生的全面发展;注重学校自我评估,将其作为反映学校管理水平的重要指标;提高督导效率,减轻学校负担。这些新的特点对于我国正在进行的学校督导评估改革具有积极的借鉴意义。     

OFSTED, Criteria and the Nature of Social Understanding: A Wittgensteinian Critique of the Practice of Educational Judgement

Since their inception in 1993 OFSTED inspections have generated considerable controversy amongst teachers and educationists generally, Much of the criticism to date has centred on the effects which such inspections have had on schools and their staffs. In contrast little sustained concern has been shown about the underlying assumptions of the OFSTED inspection process. This article identifies as the central feature of that process a particular but tacit conception of judgement. This conception is examined from an essentially Wittgensteinian perspective and is shown to rely on an imprecise understanding of the nature of criteria. It is argued that the OFSTED approach implicitly represents what are in fact conventional criteria, having no guarantee of broad agreement, as if they were criteria having such agreement. As a result severe doubts are raised about the validity of the judgements made and hence of the inspection process generally.     

HMI and OFSTED : Evolution or Revolution in School Inspection

HMI and Ofsted modes of school inspection are described and compared. The links between these modes are stressed. The information gathering capacity of Ofsted enables it to formulate specific and authoritative advice on good curriculum and pedagogic practice and thus to influence the direction of education policy and steer the system generally.     

新督导模式带来的启示

新督导模式是通过借鉴发达国家和地区教育督导的先进经验,特别是中英甘肃基础教育项目的成果,结合西南地区项目县的实际情况,融入新的督导理念和方法,探索和形成新的中小学学校督导模式。论述新督导模式与传统督导模式的区别与联系,指出新模式对督导工作的启示。     

Inspection and the fabrication of professional and performative processes

This paper is about the issue of the performance of inspection. Based on research conducted in an English secondary school in the years following its time under Special Measures, I discuss the idea that during an inspection the school becomes focussed around performing for inspection. I discuss performance theory here as well as notions of performativity. I set the scene with middle and senior managers' recollections of life under Special Measures, in effect the time in which they learnt to perform. I then use data from time spent in the school before and during the school's OfSTED inspection, and discuss inspection as performance.     

A Comparison between Inspection Reports on the Management of School Attendance Throughout the Education Service

This is the first article to compare and contrast the outcomes of Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted) reports on the management of school attendance issues in primary and secondary schools, out-of-school and local education authorities (LEA) provision. The findings indicate that schools and LEAs are judged using very strict criteria based on a school's or LEA's authorized or unauthorized rates of attendance, which are then compared with national norms, targets and Ofsted criteria. By contrast, out-of-school providers, often pupil referral units (PRUs), are given much more latitude despite their more obvious and serious attendance difficulties. This paper presents an insight into the reasons given by Ofsted inspectors for making either their positive or negative judgements on schools', PRUs' or LEAs' performances on the management of their attendance agenda. The implications of these findings are considered and conclusions drawn based on the evidence. Further research will be necessary to compare the findings in this paper with subsequent outcomes given the proposed changes with Ofsted's methodology and criteria for conducting its future inspections.     

刍议民办高职向应用型本科教育的转型

民办高职院校升本后,一般定位为应用型本科教育,但在过渡过程中面临着人才培养模式、课程设置等一系列的变革和师资、资金、生源等问题的挑战;如何顺利实现转型是升本民办院校亟待解决的问题。     

关于构建我国教育督导政策体系的思考

教育督导制度是我国基本教育制度之一。构建完善的教育督导政策体系是教育督导制度有效落实的关键环节。当前,我国教育督导政策体系还存在着结构不完整、数量不充足、内容不完善等问题,有关部门急需明晰构建思路,在制定相关政策、扩展体系涵盖范围的同时,还要对现有的教育督导政策实施必要的调整,才能最终形成科学的、完善的、有中国特色的教育督导政策体系和督导制度。     

英国继续教育机构督导标准研究

建立和实施继续教育机构督导制度是英国政府在继续教育机构评估标准建设方面形成的一大特色。英国教育标准办公室作为一个独立于英国教育部之外直接对英国国会负责的公共组织,统一负责和管理全国不同类型继续教育机构的检察和督导工作。通过实施继续教育机构督导制度,英国政府有效地规范了继续教育机构的办学行为,保证了继续教育的教学质量。     

新时代以来中央巡视工作述论

巡视是落实中央全面从严治党、强化党内监督战略决策的一项重大举措,是党之利器、国之利器。进入新时代,以习近平为核心的党中央坚持在一届任期内实现对地方、部门、企事业单位党组织的巡视全覆盖。中央巡视工作在坚持中深化,在深化中发展,彰显出鲜明的时代特色,发挥了检视党的组织、促进全面从严治党、强化党内监督的历史性作用,为完善巡视制度和持续推进巡视工作积累了宝贵经验。     

试析俄联邦教育督导制度新交化

从1869年沙俄设置国民学校检查机构，到苏联时期建立的国民教育视导总局，再到2004年新成立的教育与科学督察署，俄罗斯教育督导体制的各个方面都发生了很大的变化，每个时期教育督导的职能都被赋予了不同的意义，同时也呈现相应的特点。新修改的俄联邦教育督导制度呈现新的变化：组织机构与教育行政体制相一致，且更加细致严谨；职责更加广泛，权限更加明确；督导实施程序的操作性、民主性更强。     

TOWARDS A THEORY ON THE IMPACT OF SCHOOL INSPECTIONS

ABSTRACT:  This article describes a theory about the ambition of most Inspectorates to realise 'school improvement through inspection'. Literature about a number of direct and indirect interventions, such as reciprocity, communication and feedback is used to build a theoretical model stating the relations between working methods of school inspectors, reactions of schools and resulting effects and side effects. Finally two types of inspections strategies are described that can be used in different types of schools. We expect schools with a low innovation capacity and few external impulses to be helped best by a directive approach in which an inspector clearly points to the strong and weak points of the school, the probable causes of their level of functioning, and potential ways for improvement. The inspector should pressure the school to change by making written agreements on how to change and by asking the school to work out these agreements in an improvement plan. A school with a high innovation capacity and strong external impulses is expected to do better with a more reserved inspection approach. Inspectors only need to provide this school with some insight into their strong and weak points.     

嬗变与特征：英国教育督导制度的职能转变

英国的教育督导制度经历了从政府的“信息供应源”到教育标准与质量的“检测器”,再到使用者与受益者的“代言人”的职能演变过程。当前其职能的新特征为：注重服务职能,为社会和家长提供信息;加强问责职能,以督学为重心;凸显优化职能,强化学校自评。其职能嬗变的轨迹和当下的新特征对完善我国的教育督导制度具有重要的现实意义。     

对普通高中化学必修课程教学的思考

从高中化学必修课程的内容选择和课程结构设置上探讨高中化学必修课程的作用。结合多年的教学实践经验,对学生进行学情分析,并针对学生的实际情况制定相应的教学策略和方法,提高学生学习化学知识的兴趣和信心.     

略谈中学历史教材编写方法的几个原则

本文初步探讨了中学历史教材编写方法的几个原则。认为:历史教材的编写,必须遵循时间顺序;文字表达要准确、简要明了和生动感人。文章还讨论了初、高中历史教材如何避免重复的问题以及中外历史互相联系的问题。     

强化督导机制 促进教学水平的全面提高

结合我校开展教育教学督导工作的实践,系统分析和总结了我校教育教学督导工作的特色及取得的成效,对高职高专院校的教育教学督导工作具有一定的借鉴和参考价值。     

抽象行政行为司法审查制度研究

抽象行政行为作为具体行政行为得以实施和发挥效力的前提和依据,对其进行司法审查具有重大的理论和现实意义。文章着重探讨了对抽象行政行为司法审查的学理基础,提出了对抽象行政行为司法审查的标准。     

卫生检验与检疫新专业建设及探讨——以潍坊医学院为例

因突发公共卫生事件不断增多,国家迫切需要卫生检验高层次人才[1],为此潍坊医学院于2014年开设卫生检验与检疫专业。本文通过对卫检专业开设课程、实验教学、实习见习等进行探讨,以期达到完善专业建设、提高教学质量、培养高素质人才的目的。     

Numerical Analysis of Quality Inspection of Anchorage System

Sonoprobe method has been applied in non-destructive inspection of anchorage project.The fundament is that dynamic transient excitation causes the elastic vibration of an anchor bar,and flaws can be estimated or deduced by determining transient response of the anchor bar.FEA numeric solution of hyperbolic equation indicates that deductions must comply with acoustic parameters such as velocity of sound,vibration range,wave shape etc when inspecting interior flaws in the grout of an anchor bar,Based on wavelet packet analysis,the energy eigenvector is a flaw vector,which could be regarded as the basis in the nondestructive inspection of anchors,As a non-linear dynamical system,artifical neural networks dealing with quality insection of gray system have been proved efficient.     

建立我军院校教育督导制度可行性分析

教育督导是现代教育管理中一项十分重要的制度,是保障教育法律、法规和方针政策贯彻落实的重要手段,是保障教育目标实现的有效机制。建立军事教育督导制度,对于推进军队院校教育教学管理改革,促进军队院校教育体系的优化和办学效益的提高,具有重要的指导意义和实践作用。本文通过对军校教育特点和规律的研究,分析了建立军校教育督导制度的若干可行性条件。