论2009年世界大学生冬季运动会对提升哈尔滨大学生文明素质的影响

哈尔滨2009年大冬会对提升大学生文明素质的影响是深远和持久的,如何抓住这一绝佳契机推进大学生文明素质快速提升,是教育工作需者要解决的主要课题。运用理论分析法和实际观察法,客观剖析哈尔滨大学生文明素质现状。提出利用大冬会契机,在推动大冬会理念的宣传中,在开展大学生文明礼仪的教育活动中,在校园冰雪文化建设与普及中,在服务大冬会的实践中,探索提升大学生文明素质的可行性途径;合理制定出多元化的教育措施与对策,全面实现教育与社会实践相结合,扎实推进大学生文明素质提升的阳光工程建设,以展示哈尔滨大学生文明素质的新面貌和示范作用,以适应2009年大冬会对哈尔滨大学生文明素质提升的时代要求。     

2009年哈尔滨大冬会的文化效应

大冬会是展现各国体育后备人才的舞台,也是承办城市展示自己科学、文明和社会进步的平台。通过对文献资料的理性思辨,认为重视大冬会的文化效应将有助于提升哈尔滨的国际知名度,促进其经济可持续发展,展示中华民族的文化思想,促进哈尔滨的和谐发展与进步。     

对和谐社会下的和谐体育管理浅谈

竞技体育、大众体育、体育产业都是我国体育事业的重要组成部分,它关系到人民群众体质的增强、健康素质的提高和生活质量的改善,是现代社会文明、健康、科学的重要标志之一。可以预见,社会主义和谐社会需要和谐体育,和谐体育就需要和谐体育管理。     

大冬会运动员礼仪的培养

大冬会是展现世界各国体育后备人才的舞台,也是承办国为运动员、裁判员、教练员及全世界观众展现科学、文明和社会进步的平台。参赛运动员的精神风貌,也是所代表国家文明程度的象征。第24届大冬会将在我国哈尔滨举行,作为东道主的中国运动员,在赛会期间展现文明、讲究礼仪,对于圆满完成赛会任务也是非常重要的。     

全民健身的全面性与统一性研究

人民群众在积极参与体育锻炼的过程中,不仅能实现传统体育、现代体育与当前群众自创体育方式的有机结合,还能大力推动全民健身的健体、健心、健美与社会和谐目标的科学统一,为提高国民素质和创造健康文明生活做出贡献。     

体育生活方式与健康

健康是人类生存发展的基本要素，随着科学技术的发展和人民生活水平的提高．生活方式的变化，出现许多现代文明病。本文主要探计生活方式、体育生活方式与健康之间的关系，以此促进人们提高生活质量，建立健康、文明和科学的体育生活方式。     

首席专家万承奎谈健康自我管理第五把钥匙:文明的生活方式是身心健康的保证

1 人类健康面临的挑战世界卫生组织指出:一个人的生活方式, 包括饮食、烟草、酒精和药物的消费及运动, 是决定一个人健康的主要因素。现代科学也反复揭示:“健康、科学、文明的生活方式和行     

对发展民族传统体育深化全民健身机制的思考

全民健身在我国体育事业中占有重要地位,它关系到人民体质的增强、健康水平的提高和生活质量的改善,是文明、科学、健康生活方式的组成部分。广泛开展各种形式的民族传统体育活动,可以促进全民健身运动的开展,可以增进全民族的身体健康水平。     

体育生活化与现代人的健康关系

科学技术的进步,人们生活质量提高,生活方式也随之发生了转变,现代化生活方式给人带来了一系列的健康隐患。本文探讨体育生活化和现代人的健康关系,指出体育生活化与现代人的健康休戚相关。体育生活化是指导现代人获得健康、得到幸福感、满足感以及愉悦感为鉴标一种新的生活方式,符合现代人多元化的健康要求,是一种科学、合理、文明的生活方式。     

体育促进人的全面发展的内在旨趣

体育是促进人的全面发展的重要手段,事关人的幸福安康和人的现代化。中国式现代化是一项伟大而艰巨的事业,体育促进人的全面发展成为时代的强劲呼唤。从理论向度来看,实现人的全面发展是马克思主义的价值追求,体育促进人的全面发展成为题中之义。从实践向度看,推动体育促进人的全面发展,蕴含着以增强人民体质为基础,以提升文明水平为突破,以提高全面素质为取向,以协调和可持续为要求,以增进人民幸福为旨归。     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。     

上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点探析

本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。     

对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨

从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。     

我国优秀游泳运动员出发技术辅助训练的研究

为改进我国优秀游泳运动员的出发技术,采用观测和实验方法,通过拍摄运动员陆上和水下出发技术录像以及出发计时,对出发技术进行运动生物力学诊断和分析。在此基础上,根据运动员自身特点和不同泳姿提出相应的入水启动方式,并研制出发训练辅助器材,对出发预备姿势、腾起角度以及飞行远度和入水角进行控制。实践证明:这是一种快捷、有效的出发技术辅助训练方法。     

运动性呼吸肌疲劳与耐力性项目的运动能力

影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩.     

Identifying home advantage in international tennis and golf tournaments

A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer.     

对欧洲足球技战术发展趋势的思考

结合欧洲足球技战术的发展特点,就鲁能泰山足球队的体能训练、技术训练、防守阵型、进攻方式、定位球、职业态度、球星培养等诸方面所存在的不足进行了分析,提出相应的改进意见。