Technique and timing in women's inward two and one half somersault tuck (405C) and the men's inward two and one half somersault pike (405B) 3 m springboard dives

The purpose of this study was to compare the inward two and one half somersault dive in a tuck position (405C) performed by females (n = 22) and the inward two and one half somersault dive in a pike position (405B) performed by males (n = 24) to determine changes required by females to successfully perform 405B. Key performance variables in inward dives were also compared to those of backward dives. Video data of the dives performed at the 1999 FINA World Diving Cup were captured and digitized to obtain times and postures of the divers at specific events including takeoff and entry. Estimates of flight height and mass-normalised work done on the springboard were obtained from flight times. Some females worked the springboard strongly enough to generate sufficient height and rotation to perform 405B. Males performed 405B comfortably because they achieved better height and rotation than the females. A comparison of backward and inward dives revealed that divers are able to attain greater height in backward dives than inward dives.     

Technique and timing in women's backward two and one half somersault tuck (205C) and the men's backward two and one half somersault pike (205B) 3m springboard dives

The purpose of this study was to compare the backward two and one half somersault dive in a tuck position (205C) performed by females (n = 22) and the backward two and one half somersault dive in a pike position (205B) performed by males (n = 27) and by females (n = 6) to determine changes required by females to successfully perform 205B. Video data of the dives performed at the 1999 FINA World Diving Cup were captured and digitised to obtain times and postures of the divers at specific events including maximum depression, takeoff, and entry. Estimates of mass-normalised work done on the springboard were obtained from flight times. Males performed 31% more mass-normalised work on the springboard to gain height than females. Based on the dive scores and the short time to extend and prepare for entry it was concluded that females are not yet able to perform 205B with the same quality as they perform 205C. Females performing backward dives need to adjust their techniques to allow increased work on the springboard to generate height and rotation. Also, faster contraction of the hip flexors may allow them to achieve the tightest position more quickly to complete rotations with more time to prepare for entry.     

Technique and timing in women's and men's reverse one and one half somersault with two and one half twists (5335D) and men's reverse one and one half somersault with three and one half twists (5337D) 3 m springboard dives

The purpose of this study was to compare timing and technique of males and females performing reverse twisting dives in elite international competition. Video data of the dives performed at the 1999 FINA World Diving Cup were captured and digitised to obtain times and postures of the divers at specific events including takeoff and entry. Estimates of flight height and mass-normalised work done on the springboard were obtained from flight times. The data indicated that many males are able to complete an additional twist rotation because they attain more height, and therefore more time in the air, than females.     

奥运会男子100m跑成绩的灰色GM(1,1)模型预测

首先讨论了基于对数变换的GM(1,1)模型,并结合C语言程序实现了该模型的程序化。然后以奥运会男子100 m跑为例,从专项训练学角度出发,结合自行编写的C语言程序进行数据处理、分析、验证,并预测了2012年第30届奥运会的男子100 m跑成绩在9.63～9.71 s。     

上海市竞技武术套路(长拳类)一二三线运动员选材指标与方法

运用文献资料、访谈与实验相结合的研究方法，从选材年龄、身体形态、身体素质、身体机能、心理和教练员评定及印象等方面，对上海市竞技武术套路(长拳类)一二三线运动员选材标准进行研究，提出选材模式与指标。建议一二三线武术套路运动员在重大比赛中取得的成绩及不同年龄阶段完成动作难度的大小，可作为下一阶段选材的标准之一。