Special education and general education preservice teachers’ co-teaching experiences: a comparative synthesis of qualitative research

Co-teaching is commonly used to support students with disabilities in inclusive educational settings. However, there is often a gap between the potential effectiveness of co-teaching and actual classroom practice. This study examined preservice teachers’ co-teaching experiences to better understand this gap to identify potential practices for improving teacher training and service delivery. A review of 11 studies revealed that both special education and general education preservice teachers believed that co-teaching practices provided them opportunities to communicate and work collaboratively. Both groups agreed on the significant impact of personality in co-teaching as well as challenges in implementing co-teaching. Furthermore, special education preservice teachers noted that they lacked content knowledge, whereas general education preservice teachers thought they needed more training in the provision of accommodations and modifications. Study limitations, areas for future research, and implications for preservice teacher preparation are discussed.     

Preservice special educators’ perceptions of collaboration and co-teaching during university fieldwork: implications for personnel preparation

Abstract

Special education teachers today must demonstrate effective skills in collaboration and often engage in co-teaching with general education colleagues to meet the needs of students with disabilities. In this study, we describe a university-based early fieldwork in which university students seeking teaching licensure in special education taught children from the local urban community, thus developing their collaboration and co-teaching skills under the supervision of university faculty. Although citing challenges such as time constraints and overcoming personality differences, the majority of these preservice special educators reported growth in their teaching skills as the main outcome of this fieldwork in co-planning and co-instructing lessons to meet the diverse learning needs of children from the local community. These preservice special educators’ perceptions of this co-teaching fieldwork experience highlight the importance of special education teacher preparation programs that explicitly train students in collaboration and co-teaching skills.     

Teachers’ experiences with co-teaching as a model for inclusive education

Co-teaching is an instructional strategy that can be implemented by educators in several different ways. This paper considers how frequently co-teachers implement different approaches to co-teaching and what factors are associated with the implementation of these approaches. This study found that teachers most frequently reported implementing an approach to co-teaching in which one teacher designs and delivers a lesson and the other teacher provides individualised support to specific students with disabilities. The approach to co-teaching in which educators co-plan and co-instruct different components of the curricular content occurred the least frequently. The results of logistic regression analyses indicated that structural aspects of co-teaching (multiple years with co-teacher, time spent daily with co-teacher, number of current co-teachers), teacher attitudes, and professional development opportunities (pre-service and in-service) were associated with the use of different approaches to co-teaching.     

Redefining ‘community’ through collaboration and co-teaching: a case study of an ESOL specialist,a literacy specialist,and a fifth-grade teacher

This article explores the development of a professional learning community through a case study of three teachers – an ESOL specialist, a literacy specialist, and a fifth-grade teacher – who engaged in co-teaching and collaboration. The emerging community of practice offered these teachers a space to learn and problem-solve by utilizing their specialized disciplinary knowledge of students and expanding the application of reading strategies during language arts. Concurrently, opportunities for revising curriculum and instruction remained unrealized, as teachers struggled to negotiate roles and responsibilities within the top-down administratively initiated collaboration that required redefining their professional community. Implications and recommendations are discussed.     

Teachers’ views of co-teaching approaches in addressing pupils with special educational needs (SEN) in multi-grade classrooms

This study focused on primary teachers’ views of co-teaching approaches in addressing the learning needs of pupils with special educational needs (SEN) in multi-grade classrooms in Irish primary schools. A case study incorporating a mixed methods approach was chosen. Views of 22 multi-grade and special education teachers (SET) were ascertained through self-administered questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The findings indicate that while teachers believe the learning needs of pupils with SEN can be met through co-teaching approaches, the withdrawal of pupils for supplementary support remains the dominant approach. Teachers indicate that they would prefer a combination of withdrawal and in-class support as opposed to choosing one approach over the other. Teachers refer to the challenges posed by co-teaching in delivering instruction for pupils with SEN including planning time, teaching personalities and teaching styles in the multi-grade context. When co-teaching does occur, the most common form used is station teaching. The data demonstrate that teachers lack a clear understanding of the various in-class approaches available and what exactly they entail, and point to teachers’ desire for continuing professional development (CPD) specific to co-teaching.     

‘I feel like I can do it now’: preservice teacher efficacy in a co-teaching community of practice

Teacher efficacy, or teachers’ feelings about their abilities in the classroom, remains a major component of educational research. We know that despite participating in shared or similar experiences, some preservice teachers (PSTs) develop feelings of teacher efficacy and some do not. Yet, in-depth examinations into the specific practices of successful host schools are scarce in the deep field of teacher efficacy research. We examine the deliberate actions of one Midwestern elementary school to establish a climate and co-teaching process that deliberately seeks to foster PST success and feelings of confidence in the classroom. We also discuss implications for teacher education.     

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Two Million and and Nine Years Old

Showing a tourgroup around a m useum,the guide said,“Thatfossilin the glass case is two m illion and nine years old.”“H ow can you date itso precisely?”som eone asked adm iringly.“Thats easy,”replied the guide.“Ive been working here nineyears,and itwas two m illion years old when Icam e.”Two Million and and Nine Years Old$河南大学附中@康琪…     

Parallels and Divergences between Language and Music

Introduction Our most developed and established system of communication is, of course, language. But what we mean by language is a widely recognized problem and the term 'language' has been applied figuratively to all forms of human behaviour. What is clear is that what- ever language may be, it is communicative, and it is not the only system of communication, nor is it the on- ly instrument of human communication, just the most subtle and powerful. Since the last half century, the notion of '…     

Integration and segregation — inclusion and exclusion

The purpose of this chapter is to offer reflections on integration research. A plea is made for a more precise and careful use of the concept “integration” and, above all, a more careful and critical interpretation of results from studies and experiences of so-called integration endeavors. Some serious misunderstandings that result from an incorrect or imprecise use of integration are pointed out. Critical distinctions between integration and inclusion are made. Results from a longitudinal study in Sweden are summarized.     

Comorbid LD and ADHD in childhood: socioemotional and behavioural adjustment and parents’ positive and negative affect

The present study examined how vulnerability and protective factors at the individual level (child’s disabilities; patterns of attachment), and at the family level (fathers’/mothers’ affect), help explain differences in socioemotional and behavioural adjustment among children aged 8–12 years with comorbid learning disability (LD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or with typical development. Participants were 118 father–mother–child triads: 59 couples and children with comorbid LD/ADHD and 59 couples with typically developing children. Preliminary analyses indicated significant group differences on all children’s measures and on fathers’ and mothers’ affect measures. As hypothesised, findings showed the contribution of parents’ positive and negative affect to children’s adjustment, with differences for fathers’ versus mothers’ affect. Discussion focuses on understanding the unique value of fathers’ and mothers’ affect on children’s well‐adjusted functioning.     

Genomics and world health： hopes and realities

The completion of the human genome project was accompanied by quite remarkable claims about the benefits for health that would follow this out-standing scientific endeavour.In this short article,I shall try to put some of these claims into perspective.Currently,the poorer countries of the world are still suffering from the effects of malnutrition,ineffective healthcare systems,and the scourges of tuberculosis,malaria,and HIV/AIDS.The richer countries are attempting to deal with the costs of…     

Pragmatics and the Teaching and Leaning of English

Teh Purpose of the teaching and the learning of English is to develop communicative competence.Pragmatics is one of the most essential parts of the communicative competence .It concerns the appropriate use of language.This paper aims to show the significant role of pragmatics in the teaching and learning of English and further explores the importance of cultivating students‘awareness to improve their pragmatic ability and communicative competence。     

Pragmatics and the Teaching and Leaning of English

The purposeof the teaching and the learning of English is to develop communicative competence. Pragmatics is one of the most essential parts of the communicative competence .It concerns the appropriate use of language. This paper aims to show the significant role of pragmatics in the teaching and learning of English and further explores the importance of cultivating students' awareness to improve their pragmatic ability and communicative competence.     

Extraction and Isolation of Type Ⅰ Ⅲ and Ⅴ Collagens and Their SDS-PAGE Analyses

Type Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅴ collagens were extracted from bovine dermis and cornea by using pepsin treatment in acetic acid solution,followed by salt precipitation and dialysis,to purify and isolate each type of collagens.The preparation process was analyzed by using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).A reducing agent,2-mercaptoethanol,was used to remove disulfide bonds and analyze the structure of the bonds involved between α chains in some types of collagens.The use of delayed reducing methods resulted in the difference between α1(Ⅲ) and α1(Ⅰ) chains in a mixture containing type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagens.The structure of disulfide bonds among α chains exists potentially in type Ⅴ collagen prepared from the pepsin-treatment extraction at 4℃,which differs from type Ⅲ collagen in relation to the locations of disulfide bonds.Compared with pepsin-treated collagen at 4℃,the relative molecular weights of α1(Ⅴ) and α2(Ⅴ) chains treated at room temperature decrease by 4.6% and 6.0%,respectively.It is concluded that type Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅴ collagens can be prepared from bovine dermis and cornea by the use of pepsin treatment,salt precipitation and dialysis.The interchain disulfide bonds lie potentially near the edges of termini of type Ⅴ collagen molecules in extracellular matrix,and a small number of interchain crosslinks exist in type Ⅴ collagen.     

Family- and classroom-related factors and mother–kindergarten teacher trust in Estonia and Finland

This study examined the role of family-related (mother’s education, depressive symptoms and child’s gender) and kindergarten-related (teacher’s experience, teaching practices and class size) factors in mothers’ and teachers’ mutual trust in Estonia and Finland. Six hundred eighteen (206 Estonian and 412 Finnish) mothers of kindergarten children and their teachers (26 Estonian, 49 Finnish) were participated in the study. Both mothers and teachers filled in the questionnaire on trust; teachers’ teaching practices were observed with early childhood classroom observation measure. The results of multilevel modelling showed that mothers in both countries trusted more in teachers who used child-centred rather than teacher-directed practices. Teachers indicated higher trust in highly educated mothers and mothers of girls. Estonian teachers with longer work experience trusted more in mothers than less experienced teachers, and Finnish teachers trusted less in mothers reporting more depressive symptoms. The results emphasise the importance of both family-related and kindergarten-related factors in the enhancement of mutual trust.