档案学研究方法新理念——方法互补

本文对有互补性的方法进行比较 ,提出档案学研究中4种互补的方法 ,即机械观与系统观的互补、经验方法与理论方法的互补、实证方法与思辩方法的互补、定性方法与定量方法的互补     

图书情报学特殊研究方法刍议

针对目前图书情报学特殊研究方法存在的误区,文章从图书情报学研究特殊方法存在与否的根本因为,图书情报学研究的哲学方法、一般方法、特殊方法之间的关系,图书情报学研究方法与工作方法的区分,图书情报学研究特殊方法的定性分析四个角度对现存特殊方法研究误区加以分析,为后续特殊方法的进一步研究铺平道路.     

论目标管理在企业档案管理中的作用

一、我国企业档案工作实施目标管理的内在要求1.企业档案工作目标管理的综合性要求企业档案工作的管理方法很多,如法制方法、行政方法、计划方法、经济方法、激励方法等等,每一种方法各有其优点和不足。目标管理在制定目标评估体系、确立目标、实现目标、评估目标的过程中,一定程度上综合体现了法制方法、行政方法、经济方法、计划方法、激励方法等方法的优点,合理实施目标管理等于将上述方法的优点加以集中运用。     

图书馆学专门方法研究的发展与展望

界定图书馆学专门方法内涵,回顾国内图书馆学专门方法研究的发展,指出我国图书馆学专门方法研究在实践应用、方法改造、为数字图书馆服务和多元方法应用方面存在不足,提出加强借鉴移植方法的应用性研究、加强研究方法的改造、加强数字图书馆研究方法的探讨和加强多元方法的综合应用等研究展望,以促进图书馆学研究水平的提高。     

基于层次结构的公安情报分析方法研究进展

总结国内学术界关于情报分析方法体系结构的主要观点,指出层次方法体系结构具有突出的优点:一是具有无限扩展性,全面涵盖所有情报分析方法;二是逻辑上能够体现方法之间的层次区别,凸显专业特色。在此基础上,提出"哲学方法-中介方法-一般方法-应用方法-特色方法"5个层次的公安情报分析方法体系。按照该体系,梳理国内公安情报分析方法研究进展,构建起全面系统的、具有专业特色的公安情报分析方法体系。     

社区信息学的主要方法

社区信息学具有实践性强、基于案例的特点,研究方法与工作方法密不可分。常用的方法有社区分析、参与式方法、社区记忆记录等。这些方法的综合运用,有利于揭示本地情境,调动社区资源,鼓励社区发展。     

面向图书馆学的实证方法结构研究

图书馆学方法论的职责之一就是为本学科的科学研究打造出种类齐全的更便于使用的实证方法。文章使用逻辑的方法分析了实证研究的一般过程,理清了实证方法的结构以及学科规定性的来源。研究发现,实证研究的一般过程可以划分为研究对象、数据、结论三个实体要素和数据收集方法、数据分析方法两种方法要素。实证方法是由数据收集方法和数据分析方法共同构成。实证方法的图书馆学规定性与数据收集方法有关,其学科规定性是由研究对象及其数据的学科规定性所决定。实证方法的图书馆学化实现途径有两条:一是通过科研活动中对于实证方法的实际使用来实现,二是通过学科方法论对于不同对象和问题类型的实证方法使用实例的总结与概括来实现。     

利用数字信息提高高校财务预算精细化管理方法的研究

本文提出了一种财务预算精细化管理方法.这种方法的思路是：首先需要其他相关部门的配合,得到需要的数据,然后用数学的方法对数据进行量化处理,再用数据挖掘算法做定性研究,最后综合考虑做预算.这种方法主要采用数学统计的方法和数据挖掘方法相结合,主要从定量和定性方面考虑,方法比较科学、合理,为决策者进行精细化财务预算提供可靠的依据.     

本体模块化方法研究综述

针对目前已有本体模块化含义界定研究范畴,认为本体模块化方法主要分为本体划分方法和模块抽取方法两类,从图理论和逻辑理论两方面对这两类方法进行综述,指出模块化方法存在的问题,认为今后应根据特定应用或场景需求选择合适的模块化方法或修改已有的模块化方法。     

广告创作与模糊方法

在美国控制论专家L．A．Zadeh教授创立模糊集合理论以前,精确方法一直是人类描述世界的唯一方法,这也就在无形之中形成了一种广告创作思维定势：广告要准确、清楚、明白,广告表现必须力求精确。其实,这种认识是完全建立在精确性和有意义性是一致的假设之上的。而现实的情况是,把复杂的模糊事物人为地精确化,势必降低所用方法的有意义性。精确方法并不是唯一科学的方法,科学的方法是能够如实反映事物本来面目,按事物自身的规律处理问题的方法。广告创作,既需要精确方法,也需要模糊方法。     

基于共链网络分析的国内电子商务网站竞争力探析

指出共链分析已在商务网站评价、竞争情报分析、商业信息挖掘等领域有广泛应用。综合运用共链分析与社会网络分析的方法,对国内市场份额排名前50位的电子商务网站的企业竞争态势与竞争关系及地位进行综合分析,并对企业间潜在竞争关系挖掘进行初步探索,以期能对竞争情报方法论研究和国内电子商务市场的发展提供一定的启示和参考。研究发现,共链网络中节点的程度中心性与企业实际的市场份额之间存在显著的相关关系,且竞争关系多存在于不同组织下业务类型相似的企业实体,而有些互补服务的企业之间则是合作关系的存在,这一发现或许能为未来电子商务市场发展战略规划与制定提供一定的指导和帮助。     

Characteristics and publication patterns of theses from a Peruvian medical school

Background: Many medical schools require a student thesis before graduation. Publishing results in a peer‐reviewed journal could be an indicator of scientific value and acceptability by the scientific community. The publication pattern of theses published by medical students in Peru is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics and publication pattern of theses in biomedical‐indexed journals conducted by medical students in a university with the highest research output in Peru. Methods: Data from registered theses between 2000 and 2003 were obtained from the university library. Publication of theses in biomedical journals was assessed in 2008 by a search strategy using PubMed, Google Scholar, LILACS, LIPECS and SciELO. Results: Four hundred and eighty‐two medical theses were registered between 2000 and 2003; 85 (17.6%) were published in biomedical‐indexed journals. Of the published theses, 28 (5.8%) were published in MEDLINE‐indexed journals, 55 (11.4%) in SciELO‐indexed journals, 61 (12.6%) in LILACS‐indexed journals and 68 (14.1%) in LIPECS‐indexed journals. Most of the published theses (80%) were in Spanish and published in Peruvian journals; and 17 theses (20%) were published in foreign journals (all of them indexed in MEDLINE). In addition, 37 (43.5%) belong primarily to internal medicine, and 24 (28.2%) belong primarily to infectious diseases. Medical students were first authors in 71 (83.5%) of the articles. Conclusion: In this study, most of the published theses were in Spanish, published in local journals and indexed in LIPECS. The percentage of published theses in biomedical journals at this university is comparable with others coming from developed countries.     

Trip Report: Moscow and Krasnoiarsk,Russia, October 1–12, 2010

In this article, the author describes his participation in a conference in Krasnoiarsk on Gennadii Vasil'evich Iudin; in a meeting in Moscow on the Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorskii Collection of color photographs; and in a meeting on Russian émigré publications at the Russkoe zarubezh'e [Russian emigration] library in Moscow.     

Food (in)security communication: a Journal of Applied Communication Research forum addressing current challenges and future possibilities

ABSTRACT

This forum brings together food, (in)security, and communication. The authors participating in this forum center communication as both process and tool for understanding, mitigating, and making meaning of food (in)security. The nine authors together discuss the role of communication in food (in)security, the central challenges for scholars and practitioners working on food (in)security, and the creative possibilities and impacts influencing the future of food (in)security. The forum produces a call for applied scholars to re-imagine communication frameworks in order to make meaningful differences in their communities.     

The power of information: health information and UK agendas

The Department of Health published a new health information strategy in May 2012. The document provides a framework for health information in England over the next 10 years. Health information developments in England, however, do not mirror developments in other parts of the United Kingdom. This article is a personal reflection on the new health information strategy in England, including comparison with developments in the other UK nations.     

Not Good Enough?

An increasing flow of amateur images of global crises presents challenges and opportunities for mainstream news media. Furthermore, many news organizations now solicit eyewitness reports for near-instant upload to Web editions. Yet, there is a lack of empirical research on amateur images in the regular news flow, in particular in newspapers. Thus, this case study examines the general frequency of amateur content, the gatekeeping process and the opinions of editors making decisions about images for publication in the online and print editions of four Swedish newspapers. Our findings, based on quantitative content analyses and interviews, indicate that a majority of the content falls in the hard-news category in contrast to findings in previous research about user-generated text content. Moreover, it appears regularly but in small numbers in a tabloid-content daily and a regional paper but hardly ever in broadsheet-content papers, and that opinions in the newsroom about amateur images vary from a lack of interest to a stated need for them in the regular news coverage. The low impact of amateur content may be due to the gatekeeping process and professional standards of photography, as well as a lack of audience interest and difficulties in implementing new structures in the newsrooms. In sum, the findings disprove predictions in the literature of a near-paradigmatic rise of amateur content in the mainstream news media.     

Archiving the wild,the wild archivist: Bukit Brown Cemetery and Singapore’s emerging ‘docu-tivists’

In recent years there has been growing interest in the discipline of computing in relation to cultural heritage, parallel with developments in greater user participation in archives and advances in documentation work. These trends are reflected in the case of a documentation project of an old Chinese cemetery in Singapore, Bukit Brown Cemetery. This case was characterised by tensions among the ‘wild’ array of emerging individual participants and archivists that took the momentum away from both more formal NGOs and government institutions in documenting, archiving and raising awareness of the heritage of the site when part of it was announced to be set aside for a new highway. The case presents a compelling need for participatory archives, facilitated by computing interventions encouraging public engagement and visits to the site. Being actively involved in the documentation process, the authors reflect on how conceptual frameworks of records may assist in designing new media innovations and informing the ways by which a cemetery may be documented. Through these reflections, the authors argue for the active participation of archivists and records professionals in documentation work, and demonstrate how, in the creation and keeping of records, they shape the collective imagination of the public and other stakeholders in heritage sites.     

亚太地区世界记忆工程的现状与推进

亚太地区世界记忆工程是世界记忆工程的重要组成部分,对于保护亚太地区各民族记忆起着重要作用。本文在论述亚太地区世界记忆工程进展的基础上,从与世界记忆工程保持一致、宣传力度较大、记忆名录层次丰富三个方面总结了成绩,从参与度、合作度、网站建设方面分析了存在的不足。最后,本文从宣传、合作与网站建设三个主要方面提出了推进亚太地区世界记忆工程进一步发展的措施。     

Internet网的开发利用

本文例举Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网在国外的十种应用，详细地讨论了在应用Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网的过程中面临的问题及其解决途径（包括防火墙，Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网内容选择平台等）。最后提出几点在我国大力开发利用Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网的几点建议     

Research trends and collaborations by applied science researchers in South African universities of technology: 2007–2017

This paper analyses the publication patterns of researchers in the field of applied sciences at Universities of Technology in South Africa. Aspects investigated include publications in SCOPUS-listed journals; number of citations and countries of publication. Collaborative research patterns at national and international levels were also investigated. A bibliometric analysis approach was followed using SCOPUS as the main source of data and analysing the articles published in selected applied science disciplines. Results show that researchers in the field of applied sciences in universities of technology have increased their number of publications over the past 10?years and are also working in conjunction with other researchers both nationally and internationally. The analysis is an important addition to the field in South Africa which helps in measuring how institutions are positively responding to government incentives in research. The results are also important to information professionals who are increasingly playing an important role in research impact assessments.