Coping and Dissociation Among Female College Students: Reporting Childhood Abuse Experiences

This study examined the relationship among coping strategies, dissociation, and childhood abuse experiences of female college students. Results provided support for the theoretical links between 3 types of child abuse experience (sexual abuse, physical abuse, and negative home environment) and coping style and dissociation. The study's results add to an increased understanding of the relationship between coping strategies and dissociation as these processes relate to specific types of childhood abuse experiences among female college students.     

Guilt,Shame, and Empathy as Predictors of Coping Engagement among United States College Students

College students experience a myriad of stressors in their daily lives. These stressors are associated with negative outcomes for students, both to their academics and well-being. Healthy, effective coping strategies may support students in navigating personal distress. One of the primary aspects of counselling is to help clients develop and apply such strategies. This study aimed to identify intrapersonal factors that predict types of coping strategies. Participants (N?=?416) identified as undergraduate college students attending a large public university in the southwestern United States. Results indicated that a problem-focused engagement coping strategy was associated with maladaptive factors such as shame and personal distress. Additionally, a problem-focused engagement coping strategy was predicted by potentially more helpful intrapersonal characteristics including guilt (as a motivator) and two dimensions of empathy. Finally, mean comparisons indicated statistically significant differences between identified gender and coping strategies. Implications for college counsellors are discussed.

     

Coping strategies and psychological well-being among teacher education students

The coping strategies used by students play a key role in their psychological well-being. This study examines the relationship between coping strategies and psychological well-being in a sample of 98 undergraduates aged between 19 and 42 years. Coping strategies were evaluated by means of the CRI-A (Moos, 1993), while psychological well-being was assessed using the BSI (Derogatis and Spencer, 1982). The results show a relationship between coping style and psychological well-being. Approach coping strategies as problem solving in teacher education students had a beneficial effect on symptoms of depression, phobic anxiety and overall level of psychological distress. In contrast, cognitive avoidance coping are associated with greater presence of psychological symptoms indicating distress. And behavioural avoidance strategies (search for alternative rewards and emotional discharge) were associated with negative psychological well-being. Coping strategies may help to reduce psychological distress in university students. Specifically, approach-oriented coping is associated with positive scores for psychological well-being, and avoidant emotion-focused coping—above all, behavioural avoidant coping—may be a strong predictor of psychological distress.     

Trait procrastination,self-efficacy and achievement goals: the mediation role of boredom coping strategies

Limited research has examined the mediational role of coping strategy in students’ motivation and procrastination. In this study, we examined the relationships among self-efficacy, achievement goals, boredom coping strategies and procrastination with 506 Chinese college students. Data were collected via questionnaires. Structural equation modelling results showed that both self-efficacy and approach goals significantly predicted approach-oriented coping strategies, and avoidance goals significantly predicted avoidance-oriented coping strategies. Among the different types of boredom coping strategies, only behavioural avoidance coping strategy significantly predicted procrastination. Hence, the mediating link was only found between avoidance goals, behavioural avoidance coping strategy and procrastination. Implications of the mediating role of behavioural avoidance coping strategy in the goal-procrastination relationship were further discussed.     

Coping and Psychological Distress in Mothers of Very Low Birth Weight Young Children

Objective. This study sought to increase understanding of relations among coping strategies, sociodemographic variables, and psychological distress in mothers of high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) very low birth weight (VLBW; < 1,500g) infants. Design. The sample (N = 199) consisted of 77 mothers of HR VLBW infants, 43 mothers of LR VLBW infants, and a control group of 79 mothers of healthy, term infants. Data were collected with self-report questionnaires at birth and at 24 months postpartum. Relations among infant medical risk, multiple birth, maternal race, social class, and maternal coping were investigated. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to identify predictors of maternal psychological distress and to determine whether coping differentially moderated maternal psychological distress across groups. Results. Infant medical risk, social support, and maternal coping independently predicted maternal psychological distress. Mothers of HR VLBW infants reported significantly greater psychological distress than mothers of LR VLBW or term infants. Greater use of avoidant and express emotions coping predicted higher psychological distress for all mothers. Greater use of humor coping had a buffering effect, reducing distress only for mothers of HR VLBW infants. Maternal coping scores were related to maternal race and social class, rather than to severity of infant medical risk. Conclusions. Sociocultural sources of resiliency, as well as biological risk factors, should be considered when developing strategies to enhance coping and parenting in HR populations.     

大学生的非典压力和应对策略研究

在723名大学生中进行非典压力和应对策略的调查，结果表明：非典流行期大学生对非典的恐慌程度、所感受到的非典压力的强度以及非典对大学生造成的影响的程度均是中等水平的；非典流行期大学生主要使用了6种应对非典压力的策略，即计划解决策略、自我调控策略、积极评价策略、忍耐策略、回避策略和幻想策略；大学生更多地使用自我调控策略、积极评价策略等较为主动的应对策略应对非典压力。     

贫困大学生相对剥夺感对人际敏感性的影响

采用大学生相对剥夺感量表、简易应对方式问卷、人际敏感性问卷,探究贫困大学生相对剥夺感、应对方式和人际敏感性三者之间的关系.结果表明:相对剥夺感、消极应对方式和人际敏感性三者之间均呈显著正相关,相对剥夺感、人际敏感性均与积极应对方式呈显著负相关.相对剥夺感对积极应对方式、消极应对方式和人际敏感性都具有显著预测作用,积极应...     

Cyberbullying victimisation and mental distress: testing the moderating role of attachment security,social support,and coping styles

Although it has been well established that cyberbullying leads to mental health problems, less is known about the factors that confer resilience to the adverse effects of cyberbullying among young people. To address this gap, adolescents aged 13–19 years (n = 476) completed a survey measuring cyberbullying victimisation, attachment styles, perceived social support, coping styles, and mental distress. Compared to non-victims, victims of cyberbullying experienced higher levels of depression and anxiety and endorsed more self-statements indicative of attachment anxiety. Peer support, security in attachment relationships, and the endorsement of positive coping strategies attenuated the positive relationship between cyberbullying victimisation and mental health difficulties. Family support did not appear to buffer adolescents from mental distress in this context. However, family support was the strongest bivariate predictor of reduced mental distress. Although peer relations should be the target of intervention programmes within school settings, the findings highlight the importance of including families in cyberbullying prevention programmes.     

Coping Styles and Psychological Distress among Hong Kong University Students: Validation of the Collectivist Coping Style Inventory

This study examined the factorial structure of the Collectivist Coping Style inventory (Heppner et al. Journal of Counseling Psychology 53:107–125, 2006) and investigated how the effects of stress-related events on psychological distress are mediated through coping strategies. Three hundred and five Hong Kong university students participated in this study. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the five-factor structure of the original inventory. Although family support was widely used as a means to cope with stressful events, students with specific relationship-related stress reported greater use of avoidance strategies. The mediating effect of coping strategies on the relationship between stress-related events and psychological distress was generally small. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.     

大学生就业难的原因及应对策略

高校毕业生的就业不仅关系国家经济发展和社会教育事业的进步,也关系学生个人的前途问题。分析大学生就业困难的原因,提出指导大学生就业的应对策略。     

大学生宿舍人际关系问题的影响因素与应对策略

大学生宿舍人际关系问题是社会关注的热点问题,探讨宿舍人际关系影响因素与应对策略对大学生身心健康和校园和谐具有重要意义.本文归纳了宿舍人际关系的外在与内在影响因素,并从个体、学校和社会三个方面提出了应对策略.     

大学生主观幸福感与应对方式的关系研究

探讨大学生主观幸福感与应对方式之间的关系.方法:采用主观幸福感问卷和应对方式量表对637名大学生进行调查.结果:(1)大学生的生活满意度和幸福感水平居中,而正性情感和负性情感都较高.大学生的主观幸福感存在性别差异、专业差异和城乡差异,但不存在年级差异.(2)主观幸福感与应对方式显著相关,其中积极应对方式与主观幸福感呈正相关,而消极的应对方式与主观幸福感呈负相关.结论:积极的应对方式有助于提高幸福感,而消极的应对方式则会降低主观幸福感.     

高职院校学生应对方式、人格特征和心理症状的相关分析

目的了解高职院校学生的应对方式、人格特征和心理症状的关系。方法采用应对方式问卷、EPQ、SCL-90对高职院校1300名学生进行测评。结果外向性与具有普遍适应意义的应对方式呈显著正相关,与一些适应不良的应对方式、心理症状水平呈显著负相关;神经质和精神质与适应不良的应对方式、心理症状水平呈显著正相关,与解决问题的应对方式呈显著负相关;具有普遍适应意义的应对方式与心理症状得分呈显著负相关,适应不良的应对方式与心理症状得分呈显著正相关。     

大学生压力及心理健康与应对策略的相关性探析

大学生存在的压力及心理健康问题已倍受社会关注，从对上海6所大学在读大学生进行问卷调查中发现，大学生的压力与心理健康之间存在着显著的负相关关系，而运用恰当的应对方式能有效地缓解压力对心理健康的影响。同时发现，因不同年级不同性别及是否独生子女等差别，大学生所受压力的水平和采用的应对策略及对健康状况的作用有着较大差异。对此，就高校学生教育工作提出了一些建议。     

Psychological capital and performance among undergraduate students: the role of meaning-focused coping and satisfaction

This study explores the predictive relationships between psychological capital (PsyCap), meaning-focused coping, satisfaction and performance among undergraduate students. Six hundred and eighty two (n?=?682) college students from 29 different academic programmes completed an academic well-being survey, which included measures of PsyCap, coping strategies, and academic satisfaction (time 1). Performance data was collected five months later (time 2), at the end of the year. Path analysis results provided support for a sequential mediation model where PsyCap was directly related to performance, and indirectly related to performance through meaning-focus coping and satisfaction. In addition, PsyCap was directly associated with satisfaction, highlighting the importance of this psychological construct in academic settings. Understanding the role that meaning-focused coping and satisfaction play in the relationship between psychological capital and performance may be useful for scholars and lecturers to design optimal evidenced-based interventions to increase both well-being and academic achievement.     

Gender differences in social reactions to abuse disclosures, post-abuse coping, and PTSD of child sexual abuse survivors

OBJECTIVE:This research examines the understudied issue of gender differences in disclosure, social reactions, post-abuse coping, and PTSD of adult survivors of child sexual abuse (CSA). METHOD:Data were collected on a cross-sectional convenience sample of 733 college students completing a confidential survey about their demographic characteristics, sexual abuse experiences, disclosure characteristics, post-abuse coping, and social reactions from others. RESULTS:Female students reported greater prevalence and severity of CSA, more distress and self-blame immediately post-assault, and greater reliance on coping strategies of withdrawal and trying to forget than male students. Women were more likely to have disclosed their abuse to others, to have received positive reactions, and to report greater PTSD symptom severity, but were no more likely to receive negative reactions upon disclosure than men. Women delaying disclosure had greater PTSD symptom severity, whereas men's symptoms did not vary by timing of disclosure. Additional regression analyses examined predictors of PTSD symptom severity and negative and positive social reactions to abuse disclosures. CONCLUSIONS:Several gender differences were observed in this sample of college students in terms of sexual abuse experiences, psychological symptoms, coping, PTSD, and some aspects of disclosure and social reactions from others.     

Sticks and stones will break my bones but failure feedback may not hurt me: gender differences in the relationship between achievement motive,coping strategies and environmental mastery

This study investigates the processes through which achievement motivation guides the selection of coping strategies which in turn affects environmental mastery post-failure feedback. Seventy-six college students received failure feedback after completing a professional aptitude test. Findings showed that gender moderated the relationship between Hope of Success (HS) and planful problem-solving coping but not between HS and escape-avoidance coping. No moderated mediation was found when HS was used to predict environmental mastery with gender as the moderator and either planful problem-solving or escape-avoidance coping as the mediator. Simple mediation analyses showed that planful problem-solving did not mediate the relationship between HS and environmental mastery. Instead, higher scores on HS predicted lower use of escape-avoidance coping which in turn predicted higher environmental mastery. Implications for the role of feedback in educational settings are discussed.     

自我肯定与高职学生生命质量：领悟社会支持和应对方式的中介作用

目的:探讨领悟社会支持和应对方式在自我肯定与生命质量之间的作用机制。方法:采用一般健康问卷、领悟社会支持量表、特质应对方式问卷、TDL生命质量测定表对319名高职学生进行调查。结论:高职学生的自我肯定、领悟社会支持和积极应对与生命质量显著正相关,消极应对与生命质量显著负相关;领悟社会支持和积极应对、消极应对在自我肯定与生命质量之间起链式中介作用。     

大学生自尊与应对方式的关系:乐观人格特质的中介效应

目的:探讨大学生自尊、乐观人格特质与应对方式的关系。方法:采用自尊量表、气质性乐观问卷与简易应对方式问卷对某高校大学生进行了问卷调查。结果:积极应对与自尊、乐观人格特质显著正相关;消极应对与自尊、乐观人格特质显著负相关;自尊与乐观人格特质显著正相关;乐观人格特质是大学生自尊与应对方式关系间的完全中介变量。结论:乐观人格特质是大学生自尊与应对方式关系间的完全中介变量。     

Help-Seeking Stigma in Asian American College Women: the Role of Disordered Eating Cognitions and Psychological Inflexibility

Help-seeking stigma is considered a major obstacle to seeking professional psychological services in Asian American college women. Informed in part by objectification theory and the psychological flexibility model of behavior change, the present cross-sectional study examines the role of disordered eating cognition and psychological inflexibility in help-seeking stigma among a sample of Asian American college women (N = 257). More specifically, this study examined whether disordered eating cognitions and psychological inflexibility would mediate the association between psychological distress and stigma tolerance for seeking psychological services in this group. Results revealed that both greater disordered eating cognition and greater psychological inflexibility were associated with lower stigma tolerance, and each of them uniquely mediated the association between greater psychological distress and lower stigma tolerance. These findings suggest that disordered eating cognitions and avoidance-based coping and beliefs may contribute to help-seeking stigma and its association with psychological distress. Limitations of the study and the directions of future research are discussed.