Maintaining continuity through a scientific revolution: a rereading of E. B. Wilson and T. H. Morgan on sex determination and Mendelism

A rereading of the American scientific literature on sex determination from 1902 to 1926 leads to a different understanding of the construction of the Mendelian-chromosome theory after 1910. There was significant intellectual continuity, which has not been properly appreciated, underlying this scientific "revolution." After reexamining the relationship between the ideas of key scientists, in particular Edmund B. Wilson and Thomas Hunt Morgan, I argue that, contrary to the historical literature, Wilson and Morgan did not adopt opposing views on Mendelism and sex determination. Rather, each preferred a non-Mendelian explanation of the determination of sex. Around 1910, both integrated the Mendelian and non-Mendelian theories to create a synthetic theory. One problem was the need to avoid an overly deterministic view of sex while also accepting the validity of Mendelism. Morgan's discovery of mutations on the X chromosome takes on different significance when set in the context of the debate about sex determination, and Calvin Bridges's work on sex determination is better seen as a development of Morgan's ideas, rather than a departure from them. Conclusions point to the role of synthesis within fields as a way to advance scientific theories and reflect on the relationship between synthesis and explanatory "pluralism" in biology.     

基于2DPCA和Fisher的嵌入式人脸识别系统的实现

使用人脸类Haar特征进行人脸检测,采用2DPCA与Fisher结合的降维算法得到人脸特征子空间,将经过PC机得到的样本特征子空间文件通过网络传输到嵌入式平台,结合最近邻算法识别人脸,实现了一种嵌入式人脸识别系统,较好地解决了嵌入式人脸识别系统由于图像处理数据巨大而造成处理效率低的难点。基于EELiod270嵌入式开发平台实现了该系统,结合实际图片进行了人脸识别测试,实践结果表明系统效果良好。     

基于核Fisher鉴别分析的网络入侵检测算法

提出了一种将核Fisher鉴别分析特征抽取与多分类支持向量机算法结合的网络入侵检测技术,扩展了二分类支持向量机,利用经过核Fisher鉴别分析特征抽取后的训练数据构造优化的决策树,从而实现支持向量机的多分类.实验结果表明该算法能够提高检测正确率,同时降低训练时间,取得了良好的效果.     

基于小波包变换和Fisher判别的滚动轴承故障诊断

本文针对滚动轴承出现故障时产生的振动信号具有非平稳信号的特点,通过小波包变换提取故障信号的特征向量,采用Fisher判别分析对提取的特征向量进行故障分类.实验结果表明所提方法的有效性.     

Modelling and simulation of beam-to-column joints at elevated temperature: A review

This paper presents an overview of the modelling and simulation methods, which have recently been developed in the literature to simulate the behaviour of the beam-to-column joints at elevated temperature. These include curve-fit models, component-based models, finite element models, and artificial neural network models. The study concluded that the various numerical modelling methods can be used reliably to predict the behaviour of joints at elevated temperature to an acceptable degree of accuracy.     

云南松居群核型变异及其分化研究

在分析研究6个云南松居群核型变异的基础上,应用常规统计方法和巢式分析方法,在常规染 色体水平上探讨云南松居群间、个体间和细胞间的变异式样及其分化。结果如下:(1)云南松居群核型 变异不显著,6个居群的核型公式均为2n=24m(6～10SAT),核型类型均为1A。(2)云南松居群仅相 对长度系数、臂比和次缢痕数目及其分布有小的变化。6个居群染色体相对长度系数(I．R．L)分别为: 滇中居群P1=16M2+6M1+2S;滇东南居群P2=14M2+8M1+2S;滇西居群P3=12M2+10M1+2S; 地盘松居群P4=14M2+8M1+2S;细叶云南松居群P5=14M2+8M1+2S;云南松与思茅松渗入杂交 居群P6=10M2+12M1+2S。(3)巢式方差等级分析表明,云南松染色体结构变异有10％左右来源于居群间,有90％左右来源于居群内个体间或细胞间。     

Modelling the joint impact of R&D and ICT on productivity: A frontier analysis approach

This study explores the channels through which technological investments affect productivity performance of industrialized economies. Using a Stochastic Frontier Model (SFM) we estimate the productivity effects of R&D and ICT for a large sample of OECD industries between 1973 and 2007, identifying four channels of transmission: input accumulation, technological change, technical efficiency and spillovers. Our results show that ICT has been particularly effective in reducing production inefficiency and in generating inter-industry spillovers, while R&D has raised the rate of technical change and favoured knowledge spillovers within sectors. We also quantify the contribution of technological investments to output and total factor productivity growth documenting that R&D and ICT accounted for almost 95% of productivity growth in the OECD area.     

Modelling information flow for organisations: A review of approaches and future challenges

Modelling is a classic approach to understanding complex problems that can be achieved diagrammatically to visualise concepts, and mathematically to analyse attributes of concepts. An organisation as a communicating entity is a made up of constructs in which people can have access to information and speak to each other. Modelling information flow for organisations is a challenging task that enables analysts and managers to better understand how to: organise and coordinate processes, eliminate redundant information flows and processes, minimise the duplication of information and manage the sharing of intra- and inter-organisational information.     

基于行为的企业突发事件演化动力学模型及仿真

鉴于企业突发事件演化是多因素交互作用的结果,重点从企业应急行为和公众行为反应视角出发分析了事件演化的驱动因素及其作用机理,进而建立了包含事件初始特征、企业应急行为适宜性、经营系统健康度和公众过激行为反应强度等模块在内的交互耦合系统动力学模型,并采用Vensim PLE进行了模拟仿真。仿真结果表明:企业风险意识、应急准备水平、响应速度、企业信任指数、公众舆论指数和企业利益相关者过激行为强度等变量与企业突发事件影响力存在较强的交互关系,并能够对后者产生重要影响。     

基于改进遗传算法的堆垛机调度路径建模与优化研究

为提高广东电网计量检定中心自动化立体仓库的堆垛机出入库作业效率,详细分析了堆垛机出入库的作业方式,建立了数学模型,提出了一种基于改进遗传算法的路径优化方法。该方法在寻找全局最优解时引入了贪心交叉算子和高斯变异算子,提高了该算法全局的搜索能力。仿真实验结果表明该方法能提高堆垛机出入库作业的效率,在路径的优化方面达到了满意的效果。     

Modelling internet banking adoption in Fiji: A developing country perspective

The purpose of this study is to investigate the behavioral intention to adopt internet banking (IB) by individuals under the influence of user espoused cultural values in Fiji. A conceptual framework is developed by extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, incorporating customer satisfaction and perceived risk constructs and cultural moderators of individualism and uncertainty avoidance. This research adopts a quantitative approach and collects data from 530 respondents. The proposed model is tested using structural equation modelling. The empirical results obtained suggest that IB adoption is positively influenced by the levels of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions while perceived risk negatively influences IB usage intention. IB intention was found to positively impact usage behavior which ultimately impacts customer satisfaction. This study also reveals that uncertainty avoidance dampens the influence of performance expectancy and facilitating conditions on IB adoption intention. The study highlights the importance of individual’s cultural values in promoting IB adoption. It contributes to the literature by extending and testing a comprehensive research model to better understand IB behavior.     

银企博弈关系建模及最优解分析

针对投资银行投资风险的复杂系统建模,进行系统动态模型设计。通过模型分析及最优解证明可得出,当投资银行和贷款企业博弈冲突难以调和时,双方均应改变系统内的性能指标,而使系统解为最优解。     

基于上下文感知的智能导游系统建模研究

通过对上下文建模、层次化建模相结合的方法建模和仿真,对上下文感知计算在天平山景区的智能导游系统进行建模研究。通过功能扩展,实现状态数目和建模复杂度地降低。最终充分节约了设计中的成本,更为重要的是在此基础上能独立地对所涉及的诸多方面进行研究。     

基于银行储蓄账户管理系统的建模方法研究

本文对一个简化了的银行储蓄账户管理系统进行建模,分别采用了三种不同的建模方法：传统的结构化方法、面向对象方法及Petri网方法。传统的结构化方法主要采用了分层的数据流图（即分层的DFD图）、结构图（即sc图）等技术。面向对象方法主要采用了统一建模语言（即UML）中的用况分析、用况图、活动圈等技术。最后,采用目前比较热门与流行的Petri网技术建模,井用相关的软件对所建模型进行仿真测试实验,仿真结果分析。     

浙闽香鱼4个群体遗传多样性的RAPD分析

采用RAPD分子标记技术对采自福建东张水库(DZ)、浙江楠溪江(N8、N9)和浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所清江试验场(QJ)的香鱼4个群体进行遗传多样性和遗传关系分析.筛选出15条RAPD引物在4个群体72个样品中共检测到106个稳定清晰的位点,其中多态性位点47个,多态位点比例(PPL)为44.34％.群体遗传多样性分析...