商务类本科生批判性思维能力调查研究

国内外的商学院在商务人才培养上,都把培养批判性思维能力放在重要的位置。本研究调查了集美大学商务类学科本科生批判性思维能力倾向,结果显示该校学生批判性思维偏弱,说明该校迫切需要提高学生的思维能力;初步数据分析表明跨学科专业的学生批判性思维倾向强于单学科,这为学校培养具有良好思维能力的商务人才提供了参考。     

问题式教学法对工科大学生批判性思维倾向影响的实证研究

采用不相等实验组对照组前后测准实验研究,并辅以行为观察数据和质性资料分析,探究在"基本电路理论"课程教学中采取问题式教学法促进工科大学生批判性思维倾向的发展。研究表明,问题式教学对工科大学生的批判性思维倾向有显著的促进作用。作者认为,为有效开展问题式教学以促进学生批判性思维发展,应注意:(1)教师需具备良好的批判性思维精神;(2)积极营造良好的思考情境和氛围,鼓励与引导学生发现和解决问题;(3)应根据学生基础设置难易适当的问题,营造问题讨论的安全教学氛围;(4)积极引导讨论小组确定合适的讨论问题和组内讨论规则,充分利用信息技术辅助教学。     

历史教学中学生的批判性思维养成

中学历史教学中的批判性思维是指中学生在历史学科的课堂教学中,根据历史事实和历史唯物主义的基本观点,通过大脑的认知加工,对历史事实、观点、规律等作出正误判断并形成新认识的活动。批判性思维的养成理应成为中学历史教学的重要目标之一,然而,当前历史教学中重知识轻能力,传统的填鸭式教学占据主流,忽视学生批判性思维的养成的状况仍然没有得到有效改变,素质教育和新课改理念在历史教学中未能得到充分体现。本文结合历史教学案例,分析了在历史学习中学生批判性思维养成的必要性和可能性,并进一步探索了历史教学中批判性思维养成的实践途径。     

Philosophy of Science,Critical Thinking and Science Education

In this article I explore a case for the inclusion of some aspects of critical thinking and of philosophy of science within science education that appeals to two commonly accepted aims of science education. Although motivated by reading Harvey Siegel's Educating Reason (1988), and emerging from his discussion there, the aspects I explore go beyond that discussion.     

我国普通高中学生批判性思维状况与教育应对

培养学生的批判性思维是培养学生客观理性和创新精神的重要途径,但国内有关普通高中批判性思维的自主测评开发几近空白。本研究构建了我国普通高中批判性思维结构框架,开发了相应的测评问卷,对国内包括高中名校、优质高中、城市一般高中、农村一般高中四个层次共20所普通高中三个年级的6204名学生进行了测评并对教师进行访谈。研究发现了我国普通高中学生批判性思维的发展状况和影响因素,探求了加强我国普通高中学生批判性思维培养的途径与措施。     

Thinking Critically about Critical Thinking

As a philosophy professor, one of my central goals is to teach students to think critically. However, one difficulty with determining whether critical thinking can be taught, or even measured, is that there is widespread disagreement over what critical thinking actually is. Here, I reflect on several conceptions of critical thinking, subjecting them to critical scrutiny. I also distinguish critical thinking from other forms of mental processes with which it is often conflated. Next, I present my own conception of critical thinking, wherein it fundamentally consists in acquiring, developing, and exercising the ability to grasp inferential connections holding between statements. Finally, given this account of critical thinking, and given recent studies in cognitive science, I suggest the most effective means for teaching students to think critically.     

我国批判性思维研究综述

通过梳理国内批判性思维研究的基本趋势、研究内容及研究方法,旨在结合我国文化特点,探索大学生批判性思维的规律和特点,推动国内批判性思维理论研究的深入开展。     

论批判力教学

批判力是任何一个健全国民所应该具备的一项品格特质。真正具有批判力的人应该会以批判的方式,检视自己和周围人的思想言行,并且随时警觉到既定的规范有可能推翻、既定的规则有可能改变,而且判断的标准有可能修正。这样的人必定具备主动、独立、勇敢等特质,以及丰富的想象力。批判力的教学并不容易实施,因为任何培养学生品格特质的教学都需要教师带头示范,也需要鼓励批判思考的学校气氛作后盾,但是这些要求都不容易作到。即使如此,教师还是要掌握批判力教学的要领,尽早教导学生批判思考。     

在英语教学中注重培养大学生批判性思维的能力

中国自古以来就有读书质疑的传统,但是在批判性思维的认识上,从未将批判性思维与创新思维结合起来,因而,导致我们仅仅关注如何去发现问题,而不是创新性地去解决问题。在英语的学习上更是如此,我们的学生掌握了沟通的技能,却不了解沟通的背景,知识面不宽,尤其不善于从事有一定深度的跨文化交流。本文通过梳理西方哲学界及教育界关于批判性思维的研究,提出了＂四段式＂批判性思维英语教学方法,在英语教学的改革上做了一些尝试。     

The Use of Newspaper Articles as a Tool to Develop Critical Thinking in Science Classes

The aim of this research is to identify the difficulties experienced by secondary school students (aged 15–16) with the critical reading of newspaper articles with scientific content. Two newspaper critical reading activities in relation to the study of various scientific contents were designed and carried out in two schools (61 students in total), one with a student population from a medium to high social and economic bracket and the other with students from a medium to low social and economic bracket. These activities were designed taking into account the phases of the reading process: before, during and after reading. In order to analyse the difficulties ‘Elements of science critical reading’ were identified on the basis of the ‘Elements of reasoning’ of Paul and Elder and the categories proposed by Bartz C.R.I.T.I.C. questionnaire and a scale was drawn up. The results show that the activities designed were useful in helping students to read critically. We also rated very positively the instrument created to assess the students' answers: the scale based on the performance indicators of Paul and Elder. This instrument enabled us to detect the aspects of critical thinking where students have the most difficulties: identifying the writer's purpose and looking for evidence in a text. It was also shown that the stance taken in the articles also had an influence on the results.     

高职英语阅读教学与学生批判性思维的培养

本文探讨了批判性思维和批判性阅读的涵义,培养大学生批判性思维的必要性及如何在英语阅读教．学中通过批判性阅读训练培养学生的批判性思维能力。     

批判性阅读和批判性思维能力的培养

首先探讨了批判性思维和批判性阅读的涵义,继而讨论了培养大学生批判性思维的意义和作用,最后分析了如何在英语阅读教学中通过批判性阅读训练培养学生的批判性思维能力。     

基于批判性思维的高中语文思辨作文思维路径

近年来,高考语文作文在立足于时代特点的同时,注重考查学生在写作过程中体现出的思维能力.其中,"思辨作文"是伴随着国内外"批判性思维"教育运动而兴起的一种新型写作类型.在这样的背景下,以致力于基础教育中批判性思维培养的董毓教授提出的批判性思维四大原则为基础,运用案例分析法,结合高考作文题目、经典作文题目及教师课堂实录,构...     

The Change in Mathematics Teachers' Perceptions of Critical Thinking after 15 Years of Educational Reform in Jordan

ABSTRACT. This study investigates how mathematics secondary schools' teachers in \hbox{Jordan} perceive critical thinking and compares teachers' perceptions before and after educational reform. Data were collected from 12 schools twice: in 1988 and in 2004 by interviewing 47 Mathematics teachers. The interview included questions related to teachers' understanding of critical thinking, its role and importance in learning Mathematics, and instructional strategies that could help improve students' critical thinking skills. Results found no improvement in secondary Mathematics teachers' perceptions of critical thinking despite 15 years of educational reform. The majority of Mathematics teachers seemed not to have a clear and adequate understanding of critical thinking. Though most of the teachers claimed they have to teach critical thinking, more than half of them could not suggest any learning situation that could help in fostering critical thinking in Mathematics classes. Also most of the teachers claimed that critical thinking would help students in learning Mathematics; yet less than half were able to give a convincing justification for that. A small percentage of the secondary Mathematics teachers believed they can help all students to foster their critical thinking. It is thus recommended that the concept of critical thinking be transferred from the realm of rhetoric to the field of practice. The paper ends with some recommendations related to the Mathematics teachers training programs in view of the results of this study.     

大学英语专业学生批判性思维能力的培养

当今世界,各国对创新型人才的竞争愈演愈烈。创新型人才的显著特点是具有批判性思维。长期以来,我国大学英语专业教学存在的重知识传授、轻思维能力培养的倾向,直接影响着创新型英语人才的成长。为了提高我国的国际竞争力,满足社会发展对创新型英语人才的需求,大学英语专业面临着一场以培养学生批判性思维能力为核心的教学改革。这场教学改革成功的关键在于：坚持“以学生为本”的教育观;营造自主学习的育人环境;调整课程设置与拓展教学内容;加强学生批判性思维能力的训练。     

批判性思维及其技能研究

批判性思维的核心内容是批判性精神和批判性思维技能。批判性思维技能是一种运用批判技术和策略反思性分析和解决问题的能力。依据批判性思维的教学、训练与大学生所学学科内容的关系,批判性思维技能训练可以有一般方法、沉浸方法、灌输方法和混合方法等四种。     

核心素养背景下中学语文教学批判性思维培养的实践研究

批判性思维(CriticalThinking)就是通过一定的标准评价思维,进而改善思维,是合理的、反思性的思维,既是思维技能,也是思维倾向。在现代教育实践中,反省性思维也是组织课程的基本原则,摒弃"填鸭式"、"满堂灌"的教学形式,以让学生形成思维好习惯统领教学过程。给予学生自己在智力自由之资源的不同选项中进行选择并据此行动的力量。虽然说在现代社会,批判性思维被普遍确立为高等教育的目标之一,但是,在中学语文教育中渗透相关理念培养相关能力也是有继往开来的现实意义。     

英语阅读教学与批判性、创造性思维能力的培养

作为人类思维的重要组成部分,批判性和创造性思维对于科技发展,经济增长,社会发展和人类进步起着重要的作用。我国现阶段的英语阅读教学对培养学生的批判性和创造性思维重视不够。本文探讨了这两种思维的含义,并讨论了如何在阅读教学中培养学生的批判性和创造性思维。     

批判性思维与多媒体教学

传统课堂教学与多媒体教学对提高学生批判性思维技能的影响不同,在教学中培养学生的批判性思维技能可从以下几方面着手:1.个别指导学习与开放式学习相结合;2.适当的任务难度与动机激发相结合;3.多媒体教学与传统课堂教学相结合。     

批判思维在综合英语教学中的培养

传统英语教学中教师主要只注重学生语言技能培养,却忽略学生批判思维能力的培养,这不符合当今中国素质教育的要求。英语教师应运用批判性思维教学,将语言技能融入批判思维能力训练,把教学和批判思维能力培养有机结合起来,以利于培养英语专业学生批判性思维能力。