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采用非稳态液相共沉淀法和动态晶化补充滴加方法合成了两种元素组成的类水滑石化合物(HTic).发现动态晶化补充滴加方法合成的样品平均粒度比传统共沉淀法合成的样品大一到两倍,粒度分布也较窄,同时考察了粒度大小对类水滑石抑制蒙脱土膨胀的性能和类水滑石/蒙脱土体系流变性的影响.发现粒度大小对类水滑石的抑制性与类水滑石/蒙脱土体系流变性有着明显的影响. 相似文献
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刘继礼 《少年天地(小学)》2003,(9)
一、在同一化合物中求比值1.求元素的质量比例求在Fe2O3中Fe、O元素的质量比.[答案:7:3] 2.确定化学式例已知某化合物由铁、氧元素组成,其质量比是21:8,则该化合物的化学式是( ). A.FeO B.Fe2O3 C.Fe3O4 D.无法确定[答案:选C] 相似文献
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一、规律在两种元素组成的不同化合物中,两种元素的质量比与原子个数比成正比。二、推导已知:由A、B两元素组成的化合物C1和C2,在C1中,A、B元素的质量(或质量分数)分别为A1、B1,元素的原子个数分别为m、n1在C2中,A、B元素 相似文献
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以甘氨酸和苯甲酰氯为原料合成苯甲酰甘氨酸,在超声波的辅助下苯甲酰甘氨酸与醛类缩合得到噁唑酮衍生物4a-4d,并以荧光光谱法研究化合物对Zn2+、Fe3+、Cu2+三种金属离子的识别作用。实验表明,随着金属离子的加入,化合物的荧光光谱均发生不同程度的猝灭现象;化合物4c对Fe3+的识别作用最优,猝灭常数为1.57×104 L.mol-1,表现出一定的选择性。 相似文献
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一、复习要求1 掌握物质相对分子质量的计算 .2 掌握化合物中各元素质量比的计算 .3 掌握化合物中某元素的质量分数的计算 .二、知识结构化学式的计算求化合物中元素的化合价求物质的相对分子质量求化合物中各种原子的个数比求化合物中各元素的质量比求化合物中某元素的质量分数化合物质量与元素质量的换算求化学式、相对原子质量或相对分子质量求“相当量”[关于不同化合物中相同元素的质 量相等 (即相当 )的计算 ]三、计算类型与典型题例析1 根据化学式计算化合价 .例 1 酒后驾车是一种非常严重的违法行为 ,交警常用“司机饮酒检测… 相似文献
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刘金城 《数理化学习(初中版)》2002,(9)
一、氢氧元素组成的“水”都可以饮用吗? 不一定.由氢氧元素组成的液体化合物有三种. (一)由两个普通氢原子和一个氧原子构成H2O即普通说的水,是无色透明的液体.25℃时密度:0.97701克/厘米3. 相似文献
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用原位法和以Zn2Al-硝酸根水滑石、Mg2Al-硝酸根水滑石为前驱体的阴离子直接交换法分别制备了Zn2Al-铁氰酸根、Zn2Al-亚铁氰酸根、Zn2Al-重铬酸根以及Mg2Al-铁氰酸根插层水滑石,用XRD和IR手段对所合成的样品进行了结构表征,比较了不同合成方法对合成样品性质的影响.结果表明:采用原位法和阴离子直接交换法均能制备相应的插层水滑石,但采用原位法合成的插层水滑石样品其层状结构和晶相明显较好,且采用原位法可以合成出用阴离子交换法不易合成的样品.DTA研究表明,插层水滑石的热稳定性跟层柱材料的组成以及层柱相互作用密切相关. 相似文献
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1.了解相对原子质量,相对分子质量的含义;
2.学会根据物质的化学式计算化合物的相对分子质量、组成元素的质量比、质量分数和元素的化合价;
3.初步学会有关变形计算,如化合物质量与化合物中元素质量的互算,涉及混合物的计算等; 相似文献
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纤维素降解过程中金属离子作用的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
用微量量热法研究了7种金属离子及几种混合离子对纤维素酶降解纤维素反应的影响.实验结果表明,在pH=4.60,T=310K时,相同浓度的离子中Li+、Na+、K+、Ni2+、Zn2+、Co2+离子均表现出抑制作用,其中Li+抑制作用显著;Cu2+有明显的激活作用.当Li+、Na+、K+3种离子混合共同作用于反应时,表现出激活作用;当Ni2+、Cu2+、Zn2+3种离子,Co2+、Ni2+2种离子混合共同作用于反应时,表现出抑制作用. 相似文献
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A new oxadiazole-functionalized polyacrylonitrile fiber(PAN_(AO)F) was successfully fabricated by immobilizing the organic molecule 2-chloromethyl-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole on aminated fiber(PAN_AF).The fibers were characterized completely by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,elemental analysis,X-ray diffraction,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques.Compared with PAN_AF,PAN_(AO)F showed a higher adsorption capability for Hg~(2+) ions in aqueous solutions.The functionalized fiber PAN_(AO)F exhibited a highly selective adsorption for Hg~(2+) when coexisting with other metal ions viz.Pb~(2+),Cd~(2+),Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),Ni~(2+),Co~(2+),Cr~(3+),Ca~(2+),and Mg~(2+).The PAN_(AO)F presented the best adsorption capacity for Hg~(2+)at pH 5.Moreover,the adsorption experimental data fit well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm.Notably,the PAN_(AO)F almost retained its original adsorption capacity(112 mg/g) after five cycles,indicating its excellent reusability in practical applications. 相似文献
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以早籼稻“嘉育948”为材料,研究了 Al~(3+)、ABA、Ca~(2+)对水稻生长的影响及三者之间的相互关系.结果表明,Al~(3+)能抑制水稻种子的萌发和幼苗的生长发育.且这种毒害效应随Al~(3+)浓度的增加而增强.外源 ABA 和 Ca~(2+) 能提高水稻幼苗在铝胁迫条件下的抗逆性,极低浓度的ABA和适量的Ca~(2+)还能完全逆转 AP~(3+)对植株生长的抑制作用. 相似文献
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本文以含 Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)的溶液为淋洗液,以 Fe(Ⅲ)—磺基水杨酸为柱后衍生体系,在国产分离柱上分离了磷酸与植酸。利用 Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)与植酸的络合作用缩短了植酸的保留时间,使植酸可在低酸度(PH=4)下被洗脱,实现了植酸的快速离子色谱分析。利用此法,测定大豆样品中植酸的含量,得到满意的结果,本法比文献已有的方法更简便. 相似文献
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采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了复合型Fe2O3-TiO2-SiO2光催化荆利用FTIR、XRD等测试手段对其结构进行了表征。通过研究Fe“掺入量、催化荆用量、光催化降解时间及催化剂吸附实验、催化反应动力学实验,探讨了光催化剂降解头孢氨苄的条件。实验结果表明:在自然光照的条件下。该催化荆对试液中头孢氨苄的吸附率达48%。120min紫外光照射可使头孢氨苄降解率达90%,降解率随着催化剂用量增加而增加。Fe^3+掺杂量为2.5%的催化荆催化活性最好。头孢氨苄光催化降解反应中。速率常数(K)与头孢氨苄的初始浓度Cod呈0.40级的动力学关系。 相似文献
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戴国登 《衡阳师范学院学报》1990,(3)
用稀盐酸浸泡米糠数小时,过滤后用NaOH溶液调节滤液PH值,将菲汀沉淀出来;再经过压滤、精制,重新用稀酸溶解,使其PH为4,经离于交换,去掉Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、SO_4~(2-)、PO_4~(3-)杂质后,俘到合格的植酸产品。 相似文献
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铁-邻菲罗啉分光光度法测定微量葡萄糖 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在碱性条件下,建立了测定样品中微量葡萄糖的分光光度法,基于葡萄糖的还原性,用糖将Ag^ 还原为Ag,生成的Ag将Fe^3 还原为Fe^2 ,Fe^2 在pH=4.5的介质中与邻菲罗啉(o-phell)反应形成桔红色络合物,在510nm波长处有一最大吸收。 相似文献
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Zhi Huang Zhao-bo Chen Nan-qi Ren Dong-xue Hu Dong-huan Zheng Zhen-peng Zhang 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2009,10(11):1642-1650
To improve the working and living environment of submarine crews, an integrated system of CO2 removal and O2 regeneration was designed to work under experimental conditions for 50 people in a submarine cabin during prolonged voyages. The integrated system comprises a solid amine water desorption (SAWD) unit for CO2 collection and concentration, a Sabatier reactor for CO2 reduction and a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) unit for O2 regeneration by electrolysis. The performances of the SAWD-Sabatier-SPE integrated system were investigated. The experimental results from the SAWD unit showed that the average CO2 concentration in the CO2 storage tank was more than 96% and the outlet CO2 concentration was nearly zero in the first 45 min, and less than 1/10 of inlet CO2 after 60 min when input CO2 was 0.5% (1000 L). About 950 L of CO2 was recovered with a recovery rate of 92%-97%. The output CO2 concentration was less than 0.2%, which showed that the adsorption-desorption performance of this unit was excellent. In the CO2 reduction unit we investigated mainly the start-up and reaction performance of the Sabatier reactor. The start-up time of the Sabatier reactor was 6, 8 and 10 rain when the start-up temperature was 187.3, 179.5 and 168 ℃, respectively. The product water was colorless, transparent, and had a pH of 6.9-7.5, and an electrical conductivity of 80μs/cm. The sum of the concentration of metal ions (Ru^3+, Al^3+, Pb^2+) was 0.028% and that of nonmetal ions (Cl^-, SO4^2-) was 0.05%. In the O2 regeneration unit, the O2 generation rate was 0.48 m^3/d and the quantity was 2400 L, sufficient to meet the submariners' basic oxygen demands. These results may be useful as a basis for establishing CO2-1evel limits and O2 regeneration systems in submarines or similar enclosed compartments during prolonged voyages. 相似文献
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In this study, we prepared and applied polymeric porous microsphere adsorbents with selectivity for Li~+ extraction from aqueous solution. We synthesized the adsorbents by suspension polymerization using methacryloyoxyme-12-crown-4(M12C4) as a functional monomer, which had been synthesized from 2-hyroxymethyl-12-crown-4 and methacryloyl chloride. We verified the chemical composition by solid nuclear magnetic resonance(13C-NMR) spectroscopy and observed the porous structure by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). We conducted adsorption isothermal and kinetic tests to determine the adsorption properties. It was found that the adsorbents showed high adsorption efficiency and an adsorption equilibrium time of 200 min. In addition, since the crown ether used in this work could form a stable complex with Li~+, we observed good selectivity for Li~+ in the prepared solution compared with other ions such as Na~+, K~+, Mg~(2+), and Ca~(2+). We reused the adsorbents five times with no significant decrease in adsorptive capacity. 相似文献