绍-江古陆对接带深成杂岩厘定及其成因环境判别

绍-江对接带位处华夏-扬子古陆对接碰撞带北东敛合端,其间保留有俯冲混杂堆积岩,是仅存可见的元古碰撞造山带的根部,是判析古大洋壳岩石学演进及俯冲消减动力学过程的天然实验室,自然也是当前中国南方古板块构造格局厘定及元古造山带研究的核心问题。本文重点阐述绍江对接碰撞带系列岩石学组成及其地球化学特征,探索成因环境、论证元古南华洋的存在,追溯其消减造山的历史过程。     

青藏高原龙木错-双湖板块缝合带闭合的年代学证据——来自果干加年山蛇绿岩与流纹岩Ar-Ar和SHRIMP年龄制约

青藏高原龙木错-双湖板块缝合带从碰撞缝合何时转为羌塘盆地的沉积基底并接受沉积,一直受到地学界密切关注.羌塘中部的果干加年山主脊首次发现未变质的沉积岩以角度不整合覆盖于蛇绿混杂岩岩之上,上覆地层底部流纹岩夹层锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为214±4Ma,为沉积盖层提供了可靠的年龄依据;不整合面之下强烈变形的阳起片岩（变质玄武岩）中阳起石Ar-Ar年龄为219.7±6.5Ma,与羌塘中部龙木错-双湖高压变质带获得的榴辉岩多硅白云母、蓝闪石等Ar-Ar变质年龄一致.Ar-Ar和SHRIMP定年结果表明该角度不整合的时限为220-214Ma之间.角度不整合上下岩石的定年研究,为龙木错-双湖缝合带的闭合提供了确切的时间约束：羌塘地区冈瓦纳与欧亚（扬子）板块在214Ma以前实现了闲合,古特提斯消亡,进入陆表海演化阶段.     

库车东部迪北-依奇克里克构造带断裂活动与演化特征

通过二维地震解释、测井资料以及实测剖面的成果,利用复杂构造建模解析的方法建立里库车东段迪北-依奇克里克构造带新生代断裂带的几何学模型,确定了断裂主要活动期次。库车东段迪北-依奇克里克构造带构造变形复杂,其形成演化过程与库车盆地和南天山造山带的演化密切相关,在古近纪晚期和新近纪晚期均发生了明显的断裂活动。这两期断层活动控制了断层两侧的地层变化,具有多期活动的特征。迪北-依奇克里克构造带的断裂活动控制了该地区的基底断层的发育,在盆地浅部和深部均发生强烈褶皱变形。     

冷家堡油田中部构造特征研究

冷家堡油田位于辽河断陷盆地西部凹陷东部陡坡带的中北段,即中央隆起的西翼与西部凹陷深陷带之间的部位,处在台安-大洼断裂带中北部。该区是由于新生代块断运动,断块体翘倾活动而形成的陡坡带,为一北东向展布的狭长断阶带,前第三系基底由太古界、中生界地层组成,控制了该带的构造格局及沉积体系的展布。台安-大洼断裂带的演化与西部凹陷是同步的,都是受断裂活动、基底结构和差异压实三种因素控制,其中断裂活动是古近纪断陷的主要控制因素。     

依水而成 因盐而兴——上海浦东新场古镇的水文化与盐文化探源

距今已有千余年历史的新场古镇,是浦东地区保存最完好的江南古镇。正因它江南水乡风貌的完整性及独一无二的历史文化,著名导演李安将新场选为电影《色戒》的外景地。传统文化的保护传承与现代商业的对接形成了新场古镇的独特风貌,其富有的文化内涵值得我们深入研究。     

超长桩基钢筋笼直螺纹连接技术

近年来桩基灌注桩基础型式使用越来越多,对于较长的钢筋笼,由于受空间限制的影响,较合理的方法是钢筋笼分段加工、运输、吊装。而上下分体处钢筋笼的对接一直是困扰施工单位的一个难题,钢筋笼对接时间一般占整个钢筋笼下笼时间的70%~80%。因此钢筋笼的对接速度直接影响到下笼的时间。特别实在一些地质不好的地区,直接影响成桩质量。钢筋笼分体处采用直螺纹连接技术,在保证工程施工质量的前提下,大大提高施工进度。将繁琐的施工过程转变成了标准化的流程。     

滇东南建水二叠纪火山岩地球化学特征及其构造意义

滇东南建水地区二叠纪火山岩构造侵位于师宗-弥勒断裂带的西南段，以玄武岩、玄武安山岩和安山岩为主，夹有少量苦橄岩。地质、地球化学特征显示其形成于弧后盆地环境，与建水地区石炭纪枕状熔岩相配套。显示扬子陆块和华夏陆块在晚古生代发生了板块俯冲，形成岛弧火山岩，二叠纪时产生弧后引张，形成弧后盆地。从晚古生代-早中生代，扬子陆块和华夏陆块之间可能存在一个复杂的沟弧盆体系。     

陆壳再造与大规模岩浆活动造就华夏地块的巨量金属矿床——973计划项目"华夏地块中生代陆壳再造与巨量金属成矿"取得重要进展

陆壳再造是大陆地质演化中一个十分重要的地质现象,它包括大陆地壳的结构重建和成分重组地质过程.我国华南地区在地质上是由扬子地块和华夏地块组成的,其中扬子地块具有克拉通性质,而华夏地块则发育独具特色的面型陆内造山带,经历了多期复杂的陆内构造、变质和岩浆作用,发生了强烈的地壳成分重组和结构重建,形成了全球罕见的巨量有色稀有金属矿产资源.因此,华夏地块的陆壳再造过程、大规模岩浆活动及其与该区金属矿床的形成关系是国内外十分关注的一个重要科学问题.973计划项目"华夏地块中生代陆壳再造与巨量金属成矿"以华夏地块"南岭成矿带""武夷成矿带"和"钦杭成矿带"为重点研究地区,选取典型矿集区及区内有色稀有多金属矿床,以不同类型花岗岩成因及成矿专属性为主线,围绕"陆壳再造过程中的构造-岩浆活动与巨量金属成矿机理"这一关键科学问题开展研究工作,主要研究内容包括:(1)华夏地块陆壳再造过程、花岗岩时空演化与壳幔作用;(2)陆壳再造过程中元素迁移富集机理、成矿专属性与典型矿床成矿作用;(3)华夏地块有色稀有多金属矿床成矿规律.项目共设立6个课题,分别是:中生代陆壳再造的背景与过程;中生代花岗岩成因与成矿能力;陆壳再造过程中元素行为与热液成矿; "改造型"花岗岩钨锡稀有金属成矿作用;"同熔型"花岗岩铜铅锌多金属成矿作用;华夏地块巨量金属成矿规律.     

横贯亚洲巨型构造带的基本特征和成矿作用

本文将位于西伯利亚地台与中朝、塔里木地台之间的广大地区称为横贯亚洲巨型构造带（The Trans-Asian Tectonic Mega-Belt：TATMB）.按其发育历史和构造位置,横贯亚洲巨型构造带可大体分为：（1）阿尔泰-萨彦-蒙古-鄂霍茨克构造带、（2）巴尔喀什-兴安构造带和（3）乌拉尔-南天山构造带等三个大的构造带.阿尔泰-萨彦-蒙古-鄂霍茨克构造带以中央蒙古构造线为南界,以叶尼塞-穆亚断裂、贝加尔断裂及斯塔诺夫南缘断裂为北界,与西伯利亚地台毗邻.巴尔喀什-兴安构造带位于中央蒙古构造线以南;其南界的西段为尼古拉耶夫线及南天山北缘断裂,东段以中-朝地台北缘逆冲断层与中-朝地台直接相连.这一构造带又可分为南、北两大亚带,即巴尔喀什-准噶尔-北、中天山-内蒙-锡林浩特亚带和斋桑-额尔齐斯-南蒙古-大兴安岭亚带.乌拉尔-南天山构造带从中国新疆境内西延经中亚地区直达乌拉尔.夹持该巨型构造带的南、北两大陆决,都发育有太古宙和古元古代的结晶基底和中元古代开始的沉积盖层,并在中元古代早期陆块的边缘都出现过裂解事件.然而位于这两大陆块之间的横贯亚洲巨型构造带地区却未见有中-新元古代的沉积盖层直接不整合覆盖在古老的结晶地块之上,也未见有地壳裂解的直接证据.在一些地区寒武纪地层与新元古代晚期地层是连续的.古生代时,该区以发育各类成分的海底喷发火山岩系为特征,其中包括被动陆缘火山岩、岛弧火山岩和洋壳上的喷发物等.整个构造带大致表现为西伯利亚地台和中朝、塔里木地台南、北两大陆块的相向运动和相向增生过程.其发育时间大致始于新元古代,主要为古生代,止于中生代.从晚三叠世开始,该带进入西太平洋边缘活动阶段.从区域成矿作用的角度来看,该区可分出相应的构造-成矿单元：（1）阿尔泰-萨彦-蒙古-鄂霍茨克构造-成矿带,包括1）阿尔泰-萨彦带和2）蒙古-鄂霍茨克带;（2）巴尔喀什-兴安构造-成矿带,包括1）斋桑-额尔齐斯-南蒙古-大兴安岭带和2）巴尔喀什-准噶尔-北、中天山-内蒙-锡林浩特带;（3）南天山构造-成矿带.主要矿种有金、铀、银、铜、钼、铅锌、钨、锡、稀有金属、铁、镍、云母、宝石、萤石、石墨、菱镁矿和沸石等.区内的成矿作用主要与古生代的岩浆作用和热液活动有关;但在蒙古-鄂霍茨克带主要发生在中生代.     

南天山造山带与西昆仑(帕米尔)造山带深层岩石圈对接

通过对天然地震剖面的解释,探索了南天山造山带、西昆仑(帕米尔)造山带和塔里木(塔吉克)地块的岩石圈大地构造关系,认为在研究区东西两侧,塔里木(塔吉克)地块为南北直接俯冲于西昆仑(帕米尔)造山带和南天山造山带之下的双向俯冲模式;在中部帕米尔地区,西昆仑造山带在帕米尔地区形成构造结并仰冲于南天山造山带的前陆冲断带之上.由此形成了两大新生代复活的巨型造山带,而造山带与塔里木(塔吉克)地块之间的俯冲和对接关系,展现了独特的"盆一山"耦合体系.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence