按照先进文化的要求推进图书馆管理机制改革--论图书馆自组织管理的理念及其实施

自组织是系统科学的一个概念,自组织即是系统自行、自然组织起来的过程或现象。自组织现象作用范围极为广大,由于自组织系统演化的动力在系统内部,一般情况下自组织系统的演化要优于他组织系统的演化。按照自组织的相关原理,我们可以确定图书馆管理机制改革的方向,图书馆要通过机制变革达到开放管理、远离平衡态管理、非线性系统管理和信息通畅的民主管理。为了信息化时代的整体发展要求,图书馆应通过管理思维和机制的创新,推动自身健康发展。     

Volunteers in public libraries: Issues and viewpoints

A review of the American Library Association's 1971 Guidelines For Using Volunteers in Libraries is given as background to a discussion of public library volunteers. Opposing and supporting viewpoints towards volunteer use as expressed in the library literature are presented. The nature of the literature is examined, with special emphasis afforded to the purpose, methodology, and conclusions of research studies. The author concludes that, while the literature on public library volunteers has increased in volume over the past decade, little useful research‐oriented reporting has been undertaken. The author suggests that the topic merits further investigation and research.     

进一步做好公共图书馆财会工作的几点建议

论文从五个方面对做好公共图书馆财务工作提出了自己的问题及其解决方法。     

Equitable access to information in libraries: A predicament for transgender people

Abstract

Discriminations against members of the lesbian/gay/bisexual/transgender/queer (LGBTQ) community havebeen reported in every sphere of life, including in libraries. This paper reviewed the literature on transgender studies particularly in relation to the role of libraries. It highlights the problems faced by transgender people in accessing information in libraries and the importance of making libraries more inclusive.     

Scenario planning in public libraries: a discussion

The authors explore the use of scenario planning in public libraries via a Q&A discussion. They discuss the impact of unexpected events and unwelcome trends on libraries’ future, explain the distinction between scenario work and forecasting, and outline a practical approach to devising and delivering scenario planning activities at a local library level. This discussion, which took place at Oxford University’s Said Business School on 23 August 2018, explores the use of scenario planning in public libraries.     

关于中国大学图书馆向公众开放问题的思考

介绍了国内外大学图书馆向公众开放的历史和现状,认为中国大学图书馆向公众开放的条件日臻成熟,并提出实行中国大学图书馆对公众开放的思路.     

Social capital and public libraries: The need for research

Empirical research on public libraries and social capital has primarily been oriented toward discovering how libraries contribute to social capital in local contexts, rather than contributing to solving the theoretical puzzles of the social capital literature. In spite of this, it has produced interesting findings that align with new developments in social capital research. These findings emphasize the significance of institutions in generating social capital. By outlining and applying the main theoretical perspectives on generating social capital, this paper analyzes the findings of the literature on public libraries and how social capital is created. Theoretical perspectives on social capital will undoubtedly benefit the study of social capital's creation in and by the library. Including library-specific social capital research within the wider social capital research community can benefit social capital research in general.     

从OPAC看各馆电子图书揭示管理

通过对北京大学图书馆、清华大学图书馆、人民大学图书馆、中科院国家科学图书馆网站访问,查询OPAC,探讨各馆对电子图书的揭示管理。通过比较,详细介绍了各馆对电子图书的编目揭示。     

Access to Research: the experience of implementing a pilot in public libraries

The Access to Research project is a collaboration between scholarly publishers and librarians to provide free licensed access to research journals via terminals in public libraries. The project is an element of the ‘balanced package’ proposed by the Finch Working Group on how to expand access to published research in the UK, which reported its recommendations to the UK government in June 2012. We describe the setting up of the project and the findings from a three‐month technical pilot prior to the launch of a two‐year national pilot in February 2014. The project has already attracted support from the major scholarly publishers, with about 8,400 journal titles now available. The access platform has been shown to be usable by public librarians and library patrons. We are now addressing the challenge of understanding how the public will make use of the system and exploring how best to provide training and education for librarians and users.     

Technology column: public libraries as civic technology hubs

Civic technology is used to improve how citizens, businesses, and other groups engage and conduct business with governments. Libraries across the United States are uniquely positioned to be key players in the civic technology movement. Libraries offer community spaces where everyone is welcome and where people can come together, learn about new technologies, access information, and solve shared problems. By bringing our unique attributes and resources to bear, libraries can play a part in developing applications and services that power our communities.     

Human resource challenges for public libraries: survey results

ABSTRACT

This essay presents the major findings from a survey about human resource management in public libraries. The survey was conducted in October 2016 via the Internet. The participants were librarians with human resource management experience employed by public libraries in the United States. The majority of the participants responded that human resource management was challenging to some degree. While a majority were able to solve their human resource problems successfully, a majority of the respondents believed that the human resource curriculum for library science programs was inadequate.     

地方公共图书馆的产权经济学分析

根据西方产权经济理论中的公共产品理论分析，地方公共图书馆是一种俱乐部形式的准公共产品。地方财政是地方图书馆资金供给的主体。此外，也可以向外地读的消费收取一定费用，以支持地方公共图书馆的持续发展。     

Optimizing samples for surveys of public libraries: Alternatives and compromises

A recent national survey polled the viewpoints of public library directors and local government officials concerning the value of public library services and outlook for local tax support of public libraries over the next five years. The survey had multiple objectives: (1) to compare subgroups of smaller and larger libraries on key survey variables; (2) to obtain estimates within the library subgroups with adequate statistical precision; and (3) to make survey estimates for the total public library population. To determine how to best satisfy these competing requirements, the 1993 Federal-State Cooperative System (FSCS) universe listing was used to model the effect on survey accuracy of alternative sample designs. A compromise was chosen for the survey to insure that the sampling error for each type of estimate would be held within tolerable bounds. FSCS library-universe data are then used to model and compare the efficiency of six alternative sample designs for a national survey of 1,000 public libraries.     

Household use of public libraries and large bookstores

This article examines competition between large, inexpensive bookstores and public libraries. Using the National Household Education Survey and logit and multinomial logit estimation procedures, the study finds that large bookstores reduce the probability of household library use for some, but not all, uses of the library. Children's programming is found to be mostly immune to competition whereas job-related and informational uses of the library are reduced. The measure of crowding out is largely from diminished library use by middle-income households. Because this group traditionally uses the library most frequently, the impact of these bookstores could potentially alter the funding and services libraries traditionally offer, changing their redistributional capabilities.     

Household use of public libraries and large bookstores

This article examines competition between large, inexpensive bookstores and public libraries. Using the National Household Education Survey and logit and multinomial logit estimation procedures, the study finds that large bookstores reduce the probability of household library use for some, but not all, uses of the library. Children's programming is found to be mostly immune to competition whereas job-related and informational uses of the library are reduced. The measure of crowding out is largely from diminished library use by middle-income households. Because this group traditionally uses the library most frequently, the impact of these bookstores could potentially alter the funding and services libraries traditionally offer, changing their redistributional capabilities.     

Information systems and collection development in public libraries

Collection development in public libraries is performed by one or more librarians who make use of a variety of selection tools. Computers and information systems are becoming increasingly important tools for selectors because they offer alternatives for assessing user needs, for gathering information about published materials, and for obtaining materials quickly. This paper describes a case study of twelve public library systems, the tasks they perform, and the sources they use in collection development. The selectors reported satisfaction with their jobs, increasing reliance upon information systems and electronic resources, and the need for system improvements to support selection for local collections in a publishing climate responsive to popular taste.