台湾地区公立、私立高校公平竞争探讨

台湾地区私立高等教育经过半个世纪的发展,无论是在学校数量上,还是在在校生数量上均超过公立高校。台湾地区私立高校的发展经历了从“不资助”到“专项资助”再到“奖补助”的演变过程。台湾地区公平地对待公立、私立高校,从非公平走向公平经历了较长的过程。立法是台湾地区公平地对待私立高校的前提。台湾地区经济资助私立高校受私立高校自身如数量、规模、层次、质量,以及本地区经济发展水平及立法时间等多种因素所制约。     

台湾地区公立、私立高校公平竞争探讨

台湾地区私立高等教育经过半个世纪的发展,无论是在学校数量上,还是在在校生数量上均超过公立高校。台湾地区私立高校的发展经历了从"不资助"到"专项资助"再到"奖补助"的演变过程。台湾地区公平地对待公立、私立高校,从非公平走向公平经历了较长的过程。立法是台湾地区公平地对待私立高校的前提。台湾地区经济资助私立高校受私立高校自身如数量、规模、层次、质量,以及本地区经济发展水平及立法时间等多种因素所制约。     

公私立高校公平竞争探讨——美国、日本、台湾地区之比较

美国、日本、台湾地区公私立高校公平竞争的实现既有共性,又有其差异性.美国、日本、台湾地区公私立高校公平竞争的特征是,公平地对待后发型的私立高校,从非公平走向公平经历了一个较长的过程;立法资助是私立高校发展的保障;经济的长期稳定发展和较强的经济实力是实施经济资助私立高校的前提;对私立高校采取"经费补助"与"监督、规范"双管齐下的政策.     

日本大阪推动公私立中职公平竞争初见成效

据日本大阪府公立中学校长协会对大阪府公立中学三年级学生所作有关升学意愿问卷调查结果显示,由于2011年度开始实施家庭年收入610万日元以下的中职生免学费措施,以及经济不景气的影响减小,拟就读私立中职的学生5年来首度增长,共计10834人。该协会分析表示,就读私立中职的学生增加显示大阪府的教育改革政策上初见成效。     

建国初私立高校转为公立高校的必然性探析

建国初所有私立高校转为公立高校，看似偶然实属必然。本文从国外因素的影响、国内经济条件的促进、政治因素的加速和私立高校自身难以维继几个方面分析了这一事件发生与发展的必然。     

日本私立高等教育经费来源探析

日本私立高等教育的经费来源呈现出多渠道的特点,主要包括政府财政资助、学费、捐款、学校经营创收等。其中,政府的财政资助是日本私立高等教育发展的重要保障,学费是私立高等教育经费的主要构成部分。探寻日本私立高等教育经费的构成及其特点,将对改变我国民办高等教育经费来源单一化的局面有所裨益。     

日本私立高等教育改革新探

日本人口"少子化"趋势使其高等教育生源急剧减少,大量私立高校面临发展困境难甚至处于破产状态.为促进私立高校的稳定发展,日本政府和私立高校实施了一系列应对方案,包括学校内部改革、政府提供补助金和优惠税制以及扩大留学生招收规模等.     

迈向普及化的墨西哥高等教育——兼作公私立高等教育比较

墨西哥是美洲最早发展高等教育国家之一，也是拉丁美洲高等教育发达国家。综观该国四个半世纪高等教育发展和改革进程，积极推进高等教育大众化和及时确立高等教育普及化的发展战略（含发展私立高等教育举措），值得我国参考借鉴。     

日本私立高等教育结构探析

日本私立高等教育在发展过程中形成了独具特色的层次、科类及地区布局结构特征,其形成既有外部的社会政治、经济、法律等方面的原因,也有内部自身发展的原因,对此进行深入的分析,不仅有助于我们加深对日本私立高等教育结构的了解,同时对调整我国民办高等教育的结构也有所启示。     

Anticipated developments: East Africa's private universities and privatisation of public universities in the global context

Abstract

The growth and development of private universities has been one of the most dramatic features of African higher education in the last two decades. Using the three East African countries of Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda as a case in point, this analysis examines the extent to which developments in the region echo international trends, as well as how they illustrate contrasts. The analysis focuses on three key themes: (a) growth and historical antecedents; (b) institutional developments in terms of continuity and innovation; and (c) internationalism. While only relatively recent phenomena, private universities in East Africa and the increasing privatisation of public universities mirror developments in other parts of the world with a longer tradition of private university developments in terms of growth and historical antecedents, continuity and innovation in institutional development, as well as in internationalism. However, there are some situations in which the East African case is exceptional.     

论高等教育的公益性与私益性

高等教育的公益性与私益性是可以相互转化的,是政策选择的结果。公益性始终是高等教育的本质属性,但在资源不足的情况下,高等教育的私益性生产是不可避免的。大力弘扬高等教育的公益性、正确引导高等教育的私益性是全社会的共同要求,也是政府、高校和社会的共同责任。     

The expansion of higher education led by private universities in Korea

This article explores the role of the Korean government in expanding private higher education over time and attempts to examine the impact of such expansion on access to and equity in higher education. The enrolment rate in Korean higher education has increased to over 80% within the past 60 years. This can be attributed to two factors: the rapid expansion of private universities which currently enrol about 80% of undergraduates, and the Koreans' educational aspirations rooted in the cultural esteem for education. The government's role is also paramount in the expansion by deregulating private universities. However, higher education expansion, mainly led by private resources with minimal government funding, has resulted in educational inequity. The Korean case demonstrates the importance of maintaining a balanced act between regulating and promoting the expansion of private higher education for a developing economy.     

The role of private universities in the provision of higher education in Uganda: Growth and challenges

Abstract

Although the first private university in Uganda was founded in 1988 and the private university sector has since grown rapidly to become one of the most prominent features of higher education (HE) in Uganda, the contribution of private universities (PUs) to the provision of HE has remained largely unexplored and as such, less understood. The purpose of this paper, then, is to analyse the contribution of PUs to the provision of HE in Uganda, using theories of the non-profit organisations and Geiger's conceptual framework about rationales for growth of the PUs. The paper is based on data that were collected through qualitative interviews conducted in 2008 with six faculty deans from Uganda Christian University (UCU); reviews of paper and web-based documents from the National Council for Higher Education (NCHE) and the PUs in Uganda; and reviews of national and internal literature about private higher education (PHE). Data analysis reveals that excess demand for HE, per se, was not responsible for the growth of the PUs in Uganda; instead, it created opportunities for individuals and organisations to establish PUs. Because of their diverse backgrounds and the policy environment in which they exist, PUs undertake various roles in the provision of HE.     

日本公共财政对私立大学经济补助的变化趋势

上个世纪60年代末期,日本公共财政开始对私立大学实行资金补助,这对日本私立高等教育的发展起了重要的支撑作用。20世纪90年代日本经济开始出现低迷不振的状态,于是,日本政府实施了一系列的改革措施。高等教育领域也开始了大幅度的改革,在此背景下,日本公共财政对私立大学的资金补助出现了新的变化。     

民办学院学风养成教育模式之我见

学风建设是民办高校工作永恒的主题,也是学生工作的重点,学风养成教育更是重中之重。学风养成教育模式的构建有利于促进人才培养质量的提高,因此有着重要的意义。本文即针对此从民办学院学风现状、其学风养成教育模式等方面展开分析论述。     

尼日利亚私立大学的发展和困境

在非洲各国高等教育体制变革的历程中,鼓励和促进私立大学的发展是一个共同的趋势。尼日利亚私立大学的发展,使其高等教育规模迅速扩大,也对改变尼日利亚高等教育财政体制产生了积极的影响。但由于尼日利亚没有形成与高等教育私有化相适应的体制和机制,私立大学的扩展和高等教育发展之间还没有形成良性互动,出现了一系列值得关注的现象。     

The writing on the wall: responses of Australian public universities to competition in global higher education

Australian public universities are struggling to maintain parity with international counterparts in an environment that is becoming increasingly competitive globally. While most universities are now heeding calls from sector leaders to become more competitive, any strategies that they implement to effect change in this regard might be too late to save some. A systematic content analysis of published strategic plans of Australian public universities, undertaken during 2005–2007, indicates that universities were not taking the threat of rapidly intensifying competition seriously enough at a time when foreign competitors were making inroads into their markets and when deregulation and new communication technologies were spawning rivals in many new forms. This research has three principal implications: all Australian public universities need to re‐examine their strategic planning processes to determine whether (1) adequate attention is being paid to rapid intensification of competition; (2) strategies already implemented in response to increasing competition are appropriate; and (3) more can be done to develop better models to guide competitive behaviour in a university sector with unique characteristics.     

我国民办高校家族化的若干问题之探讨

民办高校家族化主要表现在学校资产产权和资源支配权的家族化、领导成员及轮换体制的家族化、决策机制和管理体制的家族化及学校生存与发展的家族化等方面。传统的家文化影响和政策的缺失是我国民办高校家族化的主要原因。应在充分调研的基础上,完善法规,加强管理,以规范引导民办高校的健康发展。     

民办高等教育在高等教育体系中的定位

传统的高等教育类型划分影响了民办大学的准确定位 ,对民办高等教育发展产生了消极影响。本文提出民办高等教育应该属于综合类高等教育 ,民办大学有条件办成以全日制本专科教育为主的综合大学 ,而不是高等职业技术学校