布什与奥巴马政治演说的隐喻架构分析——以国情咨文中关于税收的演说为例

运用隐喻架构理论和美国两党道德模式分析政治语篇中的隐喻性表层架构和深层架构,能够帮助人们很好地理解政治话语,剖析政治演说中蕴含的深层内涵。通过对布什与奥巴马国情咨文关于税收演说的隐喻架构分析,发现布什主要使用了两个隐喻性表层架构:旅程架构和财务管理架构;奥巴马主要使用了三个隐喻性表层架构:旅程架构、商业架构和灾难架构。在架构的使用上,布什能够使用更加恰当的架构来强调共和党的执政理念,并使用能够能激起人们不满的架构来评价民主党,而奥巴马更加容易陷入共和党的陷阱,减弱了其演说的接受度。政治家在其政治演说中智慧地使用词语驾驭架构非常重要。     

基于Dubbo框架的分布式视频网站架构设计

网站系统架构对网站可靠性、服务质量等起着至关重要的作用,为了提供更可靠、更安全、更稳定的服务,分布式服务架构已成为当前中大型网站常用的架构方式。在分析对比分布式服务架构与服务器集群架构、Web Service架构时,详细介绍了作为分布式服务架构中代表Dubbo框架的技术原理及工作过程。通过分析视频网站业务需求,设计并使用Dubbo框架对其进行架构,用视频网站案例对Dubbo框架架构实施过程进行了实验。实验结果证明,使用Dubbo框架架构分布式网站具有更优的性能与扩展性。     

软件架构核心问题与关键决策探讨

架构是实现软件相关服务和基本业务系统的重要阶段,而架构决策又是这一阶段的核心。为了帮助理解软件架构的本质和架构实现,概述了架构的基本过程,介绍了系统分解原则,重点讨论了架构决策的范围及主要决策内容。在架构决策框架中解释了实现架构决策的3个层次,以及各层次可以使用的UML图表等工具。掌握好这些方法能有效减少软件架构的盲目性,为软件设计与实现提供规范与指导。     

军队院校数字化校园建设的几点思考

本文针对军队院校数字化校园建设问题,分析了数字化校园建设的内涵及任务,提出了数字化校园建设顶层设计应遵循的原则,并从业务架构、信息架构、系统架构和技术架构等方面讨论了顶层设计的内容。     

生态话语的架构分析--以《习近平关于社会主义生态文明建设论述摘编》为例

《习近平关于社会主义生态文明建设论述摘编》是生态话语研究良好的语料来源。结合概念隐喻和架构理论以及语料库研究方法,按话语表层架构-深层架构的分析步骤,发现其代表性的隐喻性表层架构和非隐喻性表层架构各有4种。由表层架构激活的深层架构即价值观主要包括:绿色发展观、生态经济观和生态民生观。此外,本文对架构策略进行了总结,以期为相关生态话语的建构提供借鉴。     

基于Dubbox的分布式服务架构设计与实现

随着信息化的发展，企业软件应用规模不断扩大，常规的垂直应用架构已无法应对，分布式服务架构以及流动计算架构势在必行。阐述了如何通过Dubbox框架，将垂直应用架构变成分布式服务架构。实验结果表明，改进后的架构可以显著提高系统的健壮性和运行效率。     

竞价网采购管理平台的建设架构

阐述了"网上竞价"采购管理平台的建设架构,分析了这种架构在防止出现信息孤岛和实现资源共享方面的作用,指出了开放式架构对实现充分竞争的必要性。     

采用面向服务架构实现敏捷企业

针对当前企业应用系统复杂性导致的问题,介绍了最新的面向服务架构的解决方案。阐述了面向服务架构的概念、特征、实现方法和相关技术,提出可采用面向服务架构来提高企业敏捷性,优化业务流程,以迎合快速变化的市场需求,给出了建立企业面向服务架构的解决步骤。     

大学信息化架构探索

当前高校信息化已经进入基于顶层设计的校级统一信息系统建设阶段,在此阶段,建立与之相适应的高校信息化理论模型至关重要。根据对企业架构理论的研究和清华大学信息化建设经验的总结,提出了信息集成阶段高校建设统一信息系统的理论模型——大学架构。大学架构主要包括业务架构、信息系统架构和技术架构三部分,能为信息系统设计与开发提供全程统一的规划。     

从高校业务架构到高校数据架构的思考

本文将企业级架构的概念引入高校数字化校园建设,结合高校实际情况,研究了数字化校园建设中有关业务架构和数据架构的构建问题,并对两者之间的对应关系和实践中需要注意的问题进行探讨,最后给出了高校数据架构的一种解决方案——共享数据中心。     

The Governance of Higher Education in a Federal System: The Case of Switzerland

In the last decade or so, Swiss higher education has experienced important transformations. These have affected not only the components of the system, by the creation of a higher vocational education sector, but also – and more importantly – the governance structures of the system as a whole. In October1999, the changes culminated in the revision of the only federal Act co-ordinating higher education policy. Based on an analysis of the new legal framework, the present paper explore show changes in the governance of the system modify the type of relationships between federal authorities and cantonal governments. It does so by looking into three particular domains: the bodies and agencies involved in the policy-making, the patterns of funding and the issue of quality assurance. It concludes that the governance structures that emerge from the new legal framework mirror the difficult balance to be found between the two political levels. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Active structures integrated with wireless sensor and actuator networks: a bio-inspired control framework

One of the main problems in controlling the shape of active structures (AS) is to determine the actuations that drive the structure from the current state to the target state. Model-based methods such as stochastic search require a known type of load and relatively long computational time, which limits the practical use of AS in civil engineering. Moreover, additive errors may be produced because of the discrepancy between analytic models and real structures. To overcome these limitations, this paper presents a compound system called WAS, which combines AS with a wireless sensor and actuator network (WSAN). A bio-inspired control framework imitating the activity of the nervous systems of animals is proposed for WAS. A typical example is tested for verification. In the example, a triangular tensegrity prism that aims to maintain its original height is integrated with a WSAN that consists of a central controller, three actuators, and three sensors. The result demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed concept and control framework in cases of unknown loads that include different types, distributions, magnitudes, and directions. The proposed control framework can also act as a supplementary means to improve the efficiency and accuracy of control frameworks based on a common stochastic search.     

学校效能研究论纲

学校效能是当前国内外倍受关注的教育热点现象 ,国外学校效能研究的基本框架包括投入—产出框架、组织框架、制度框架和样板学校框架。只有深入研究学校的主体效能即其校长效能、教师效能和学生效能 ,才能理清学校效能的结构和类型。     

A dynamic model of memory for research on human information processing

This article outlines a broad theoretical framework for understanding the human information processing system as a whole. It represents one attempt to integrate the relatively static models of memory structures with the more dynamic conceptions underlying research on control and processing mechanisms. The framework embodies the synthesis of a number of conceptual orientations, including contemporary emphases on working memory, item-specific and relational information, metacognition and schema abstraction. This synthesis rests on the basic assumption that the nature of knowledge structures in human long-term memory depends on the type of information processing whereby these cognitive structures were generated.     

A design framework for online teacher professional development communities

This paper provides a design framework for building online teacher professional development communities for preservice and inservice teachers. The framework is based on a comprehensive literature review on the latest technology and epistemology of online community and teacher professional development, comprising four major design factors and three contextual factors. The design factors include learning goals, communication tools, participant structures, and member responsibilities; the contextual factors are culture, politics, and economics. Finally, the role of universities and implications of the design framework for teacher professional development in the new culture of learning are discussed.     

基于SSH2的物资管理系统研究与实现

介绍Struts2、hibernate、Spring三种优秀的JavaWeb开发框架以及它们整合后的SHH2架构,并在此架构上设计物资管理系统。在SSH2框架中,Struts2作为web层,Hibernate作为数据持久层,Spring和Struts2同时充当控制层,三者的融合使得它们更加优越。实践表明,使用该架构开发出的物资管理系统具有良好的可维护性和可扩展性。     

基于汉语的时间推进分析框架

时间推进是语篇发展的基本原则,是语篇连贯的重要手段。但是关于哪些因素影响了时间推进,如何分析时间推进,目前并没有形成一个很好的分析框架。本文采用修辞结构理论,以汉语为分析材料,再现了时间推进和语篇结构的关系,区分出三个层面的时间推进,提出了一个时间推进分析框架。这一分析框架的建立对于第二语言的写作教学具有应用价值。     

图解英国国家资格框架之改革进程

构建一个统一、层次分明、并且相互融通的国家资格框架，是英国国家资格体系改革的方向。英国现行的国家资格框架（NQF）是在1997年QCA五级资格框架的基础上建立起来的。之后该框架先后经历了2000年课程改革、2004年八级框架调整和2006年GNVQ调整这三次较大的变化。通过统一机构、推出证书、体系融通等举措，NQF不断完善，显示出对不断变化的社会与劳动力市场需求的适应性。     

Analyzing language demands facing english learners on science performance assessments: The sald framework

This article report on the development and use of an analytical framework intended to map the language demands encountered by English learners as they engage in science performance assessments. Grounded in functional and interactional views of language and language use, the authors—two science education researchers and a language scholar—developed the framework via an inductive, iterative, and systematic review of written assessment materials associated with three fifth grade science performance tasks. The resulting Science Assessment Language Demands (SALD) framework is organized around three dimensions: participant structures, communicative modes, and written texts and genres that students are called upon to read and produce. The authors used textual analysis to conduct an expert review of the written documents associated with the three assessment tasks. The results indicate that the framework can be used to document a wide range of functional and interactional language demands involved in science performance assessments. The demands revealed by the SALD framework highlight both potential challenges facing English learners during science performance assessments as well as opportunities afforded by such assessments for demonstrating their knowledge and skills and further developing language proficiency. A major implication of the study is the potential use of the framework to evaluate the language demands and opportunities of science assessments used in classrooms with English learners. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47: 909–928, 2010     

SSH框架整合技术研究及应用

Struts,Spring和Hibernate是目前主流的三种轻量级J2EE开源框架,在分析了这三种框架各自的特点基础上,探讨了SSH多层Web应用整合的相关技术,并将其应用到教师评价系统中．实践结果表明,使用该整合技术不但减少了代码的冗余度,而且提高了系统的可扩展性和可维护性．