金盘图书馆集成管理系统GDLIS XP在编目中的四个问题

《金盘图书馆集成管理系统GDLIS XP》于2002年6月推出以后,云南高校图书馆界一半的图书馆使用了该系统。在金盘编目工作中,研究好各个库室之间的关系,掌握好建库的操作方法,基本MARC字段和附件文献的处理四个问题,对推动我省图书馆数据库建设的快速发展,将十分有利。     

基于XML的MARC元数据互操作的实现

MARC是图书馆界开发的一套高质量的数据描述元数据格式.MARC不能与Internet的信息分类和搜索服务之间实现互操作,MARC的互操作问题成为数字图书馆研究中的热点.基于XML的MARC元数据互操作的实现方式是:利用XML的DTD机制,定义一个MARC DTD,解决MARC元数据的XML描述问题;用XML元语言描述MARC元数据信息,并根据这些元数据信息建立相应的元数据信息检索数据库.这使图书馆现有的大量MARC格式的书目数据在Internet环境中得以充分的利用.     

一种复合型高校图书馆有专业特色的信息组织工作模式

本文以复合型高等学校图书馆数据库管理系统环境为对象,通过对CNMARC和USMARC格式的分菥,采用传统自动化编目方式和现代网络编目方式并用的方法构造一个有专业特色的集成数据库管理系统。从网络技术的未来发展,借鉴国内外网络资源编目的经验,分析了MARC和元数据对构造一个特色数字化图书馆的作用,并针对该集成系统设计了基于网络的编目解决方案。     

AMERICAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN THE COMPUTER AGE

The author has presented a rapid overview of the uses of the new information technologies in various aspects of library management and utilization in the United States of America. As early as the 1950's, as concerned librarians had come to realise that manual methods would no longer suffice to cope with the demands being made on libraries, they turned increasingly to automation. Libraries were innovators with regard to the development of large databases and the users of innovations with regard to the development of communications technologies. The latter, the new information and communications technologies (NICT's), are playing increasingly important roles with regard to the operation of libraries in the areas of acquisitions, cataloguing, circulation, reference, administration, inter‐library links including shared cataloguing, resource sharing, and inter‐library loan (now thought of as document delivery). The introduction of these same technologies has required that changes be made in the way librarians are trained, that older practising librarians have their training upgraded, and that library clients be trained in techniques of computer use and information retrieval. For the future, the uses made of the NICT's are bound to expand, leading to increased electronic publishing and distribution and to greater integration of indexes and catalogues. University libraries will increasingly become parts of campus‐wide communications and information networks.     

试析图书编目中的人文关怀

人文关怀是图书馆事业发展的核心所在,体现在图书馆的各个部门.具体而言,编目过程中的人文关怀主要体现于对著者、读者、中央书目数据库维护人员、书库管理人员及后续编目工作人员等方面.     

From hardback to paperback:The Chocolate War,by Robert Cormier

This article is the first in an occasional series in which books recently published in paperback will be introduced to readers.Cle will select titles which seem particularly suitable for school students to read together. Our intention is to choose books readily available in North America as well as countries served by British publishers. Our first selection,The Chocolate War, appeared in the USA in 1974, in the UK in 1975 and in paperback in the USA in 1975 and in the UK in February, 1978.Robbie March-Penny read English at Birmingham College of Commerce and York University. She has taught English in comprehensive schools in Birmingham and Bristol and is now an editor of children's books for a London publisher.     

联机编目 资源共享的捷径

图书馆编目是图书管理的重要内容。图书编目经历手工编目,计算机编目和联机编目三个阶段。图书馆联机编目是实现资源共享,实现快速检索的捷径。联机编目可降低成本,提高编目质量,提高效率,合理配置资源。     

数字图书馆建设中的古籍数字化探讨

数字图书馆利用高科技为古籍文化解决了传播不易的问题,即古籍数字化。通过介绍数字化古籍的影像处理、全文资料库建置、机读编目制作、索引编制及网络古籍资源检索等方式,分析了图书馆古籍数字化过程中存在的影像标准化、古籍应用系统、古籍合作编目、Metadata及网络古籍资源的利用等方面的问题,阐明了古籍数字化及建立有效的管理机制的重要意义。     

Computer‐supported Co‐operative Learning

This article discusses the impact of computer‐supported co‐operative work tools in the building of educational environments and the facilities such tools bring to educational methodologies. It also demonstrates the relationship between this new technique and the learner‐centred approach in education, a participative style of education in which the learner is actively involved in the learning process. At the same time, the article stresses the importance of collaborative learning. The influence of the new information technologies of intelligent multi‐agent systems is discussed in the context of computer‐supported co‐operative and active learning.     

浅谈文献著录标准化

文献著录标准化有利于建立全国统的的编目系统，统的机读目录，促进国内外文献信息的交流，在使用过程中应注意到一些问题。     

Transforming support for students with disabilities in UK Higher Education

Intended UK government changes to the Disabled Students’ Allowance will have a significant impact on the support that UK universities provide for students with disabilities. In this article we examine the types of transformation that may be needed to support for university students with disabilities, from a socio‐technical perspective. The research reported in this article involved a year‐long case study in a UK university. The potential changes required to support for students with disabilities within the university studied, to cater for the proposed UK government changes to the Disabled Students’ Allowance, include: providing non‐medical helpers through external agencies; developing a dyslexia screening process; providing enhanced library services, including access to printers and scanners and assistance with assistive software; providing laptops with assistive software; making assistive software available in a limited form in computing laboratories; and more co‐ordinated special examination provision.     

INTERNATIONAL CO‐OPERATION IN DISTANCE HIGHER EDUCATION

There is a predominant opinion that distance education, especially that one on higher education level, has to rely on application of educational technology. On the other hand prospective developments in educational and communications technology may bring the distinction between distance and “non‐distance” education into question. But, there is no doubt that the further development of this form of higher education demands broader co‐operation than at present, especially at international level. In this context, the following article, which was written for “Higher Education in Europe” by Dr. Sam B. Crooks, from the Open University, analyses different aspects of international cooperation in distance education with special reference to the work and outcome of the International Conference on Education of Adults at a Distance. The conference, hosted by the Open University in celebration of its tenth anniversary, was held in Birmingham, England from 18 to 23 November 1979. It was attended by over 200 participants from 51 countries.     

Occupational Knowledge and Practice amongst UK University Research Administrators

With the exception of lecturing staff, research on occupational groups and cultures within the UK higher education system is relatively sparse. This paper focuses upon one specialist group, to-date under-researched but which plays a central role in contemporary higher education administration: graduate research administrators. This occupational group is of particular interest as its members administer and manage an increasing complex and key area of university life, which in many cases appears to span the putative occupational divide between 'academic' and 'administrative' work. Based upon qualitative interviews with 27 research administrators, and using some of Bourdieu's conceptual devices, the paper analyses particular kinds of informal occupational knowledge and practice, necessary in order effectively to 'do' the complex task of research administration in the pressurized environment of contemporary British higher education.     

THE ROLE OF THE ACADEMIES IN EASTERN EUROPEAN CO‐OPERATION IN SCIENCE AND IN NEW TECHNOLOGIES

In order for developing countries, particularly the former socialist countries undergoing transition, to make progress in science, they must co‐operate among themselves. One way to stimulate such co‐operation is to create a network of eastern European Academies. Such a network would share information, facilities, and equipment; sponsor and direct work on joint projects of value to the sub‐region as a whole; and serve as a bulwark against brain drain. Such a network should be of interest to UNESCO and to other intergovernmental organizations.     

中文图书计算机编目初探

MARC是国际图联统一使用的、标准化、规范化的一种通用机读目录格式，各图书馆利用这种格式来存储和传递文献源数据，以实现资源共享。结合工作实践与体会，从源数据库的利用，原始编目、回溯建库三个方面讨论了利用CNMARC格式进行了中文图书计算机编目的问题。     

The Interactive Science and Technology Project: the Nuffield Foundation's Launchpad for a European Collaborative

The development of interactive science and technology centres in the UK, catalysed by the example of successful North American science centres, is also a reflection of increasing British concern for public understanding of science.

In 1986, the Committee on the Public Understanding of Science was established jointly by the Royal Society, the Royal Institution and the British Association, as a focus for initiatives to improve public awareness of science and technology. The COPUS ‘Interactive Science and Technology Centres’ working group linked COPUS's own programmes with the co‐ordination and promotion activities developed by the Nuffield Foundation's interactive science and technology project.

Launched in 1987, the Nuffield project served as a resource for the science centres and, building a strong network of contacts stretching from the BBC and British Association to science centres worldwide, itself served as a launchpad for ECSITE‐the European Collaborative for Science, Industry and Technology Exhibitions.     

“异书同号”现象浅析

＂异书同号＂是图书分类中常见的现象,文章主要从多校区合并、回溯建库、有无编目细则、套书分编、编目人员失误等方面分析了＂异书同号＂现象产生的原因.指出了＂异书同号＂带来的诸多不良影响：造成书目数据库的臃肿庞大、不利于中央书目数据库的维护;藏书组织的混乱无序;检索不单一,影响读者查准率等.最后提出了防治修改措施.     

ASSISTING QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND IMPROVEMENT IN THE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF SLOVENIA

There are two universities in Slovenia which undertake research and teaching and offer professional services. The quality of the research performed by faculty members is assured by strict quantitative bibliographical criteria employed in the faculty rank award procedure. The criteria for teaching quality are less well defined. The new Higher Education Act of 1993, organized university staff development, the appearance of an integrated information system, and student evaluation of faculty teaching performance with the aid of student questionnaires can all be regarded as extrinsic assistance to intrinsic efforts on the part of faculty, students, and their organizations. Slovenia will endeavour to broaden and deepen its co‐operation with international organizations and foundations in the field of quality assessment and improvement of higher education institutions, particularly the quality of the teaching they offer.     

强化图书分编工作的思考与实践——以钦州学院图书分编工作为例

图书分编工作是图书馆读者服务工作的基础.只有不断加强图书分编工作的标准化和规范化,不断提高图书分编工作的质量和效益,不断强化图书分编人员的素质教育,才能不断满足读者对图书的利用需求.