Recent experience of the application of a commercial data base management system (ADABAS) to a scientific data bank (ECDIN)

The ECDIN (Environmental Chemicals Data and Information Network) project started in 1973. During the pilot phase of operation the feasibility of the system was demonstrated using a data base of 4000 compounds and the SIMAS information retrieval system. It was quickly realised that for ECDIN data management was as important as information retrieval and in November 1977, after a study of available software, the ADABAS data base management system was installed at JRC Ispra for ECDIN and other JRC data banks. A design exercise for the ECDIN ADABAS data base has been completed and parts of the existing ECDIN data base have been converted to the new system. The problems encountered and the solutions adopted are discussed. The user interface to ECDIN is still under development. When fully operational ECDIN will be available through EURONET to both casual and specialist users and, in consequence, at least two levels of user interface will be required: (a) a user friendly conversational language designed for the casual user and capable of dealing with the more common types of question, (b) a sophisticated query language capable of answering the more difficult questions, producing “one-off” reports and probably requiring both a specialist knowledge of the data base and a programmer oriented background. The first tentative steps in this direction are described.     

AutoCAD向GIS数据转换方法的研究

目前GIS行业正处于蓬勃发展的时期,数据是地理信息系统(Gxs)分析和处理的对象,也是构成地理信息系统的应用基础,但目前大部分历史测绘数据是AutoCAD格式文件.如何快速、有效地进行海量GIS数据的输入,是当前地理信息系统应用研究中最主要的任务之一.本文介绍了AutoCAD和GIS常用的几种数据格式,详细阐述了AutoCAD数据文件向GIS数据转换的几种常用的方法,并进行了简单的比较.     

决策支持模型库中博弈分析模型的引入设计

基于关系数据库理论与技术,以企业技术创新管理决策问题为基点,结合先前的研究成果,将博弈分析模型引入到决策支持系统模型库中,主要应用简单的文本格式以及Excel文件格式加以实现,在模型库中首次加入了博弈分析模型的实现技术,从而为决策支持系统的设计提供支持.     

Online assessment of the value of information for searchers of a bibliographic data base

The object of the experiment described in this paper was to assess the value of information for individual searchers in a realistic search environment. An additive linear function, which combined the ratings of information features provided by searchers, was used to model how humans value information. Twenty Industrial Engineering graduate students and faculty, who were attempting to satisfy a genuine information need by searching a data base of technical literature on Operations Research, served as experimental subjects. Included in the data analysis are a comparison of two alternative retrieval methods, an evaluation of how well humans are able to estimate the relevance of a document from the document's features, and an investigation of the value function components (features and coefficients) and functional form.     

From divergent meanings to common practices: The early institutionalization of technology transfer in the life sciences at Stanford University

The formation of Stanford University's technology transfer program in the life sciences is analyzed from 1968 to 1982. The program evolved from multiple models based on divergent definitions of invention, inventor, rewards, and university-industry boundaries. The eventual program that emerged proved to be widely emulated. The norms of the academy shaped the uses of resources and the conditions of their appropriation. In turn, the currency of industrial science prompted the rethinking of academic norms. The analysis offers insight into the early stages of institutionalization, as the ambiguity of important categories and flexibility of policies were transformed into organizational routines. Today's ‘settled’ outcomes are the product of highly divergent practices.     

On the governance of information: Introducing a new concept of governance to support the management of information

Information governance as an approach to better govern the use of information within and outside an organization is rapidly gaining popularity. A common and scientific ground for this approach has not yet been formulated. In this article the authors describe a definition for information governance, extending the common, one-dimensional approach into a more generic statement. Starting from the well-known principles of IT governance the authors further explore the aspects of both information and governance. Four hypotheses are proposed to give ground to the use of information governance. These hypotheses will be the basis for further research.     

Use of machine-readable databases to support a large SDI service

The current awareness [or selective dissemination of information (SDI)] services of AT&T Bell Laboratories are described. Several bulletins announcing over 80,000 externally published items/year are issued at regular intervals and sent to about 6100 subscribers. Production is done by the BELLPAR (Bell Laboratories Publication, Alerting, and Retrieval) system, which processes four commercial machine-readable databases and prepares camera-ready bulletin copy. A photocopy service processing some 10,000 requests/month provides document delivery for items announced in the bulletins. Subscribers may order photocopies electronically if they wish. A “captive” journal collection supports the copying operation; non-journal articles, such as conference proceedings and technical reports, are ordered from external suppliers. Improvements in the SDI service include electronic bulletins, more focused bulletins and additional databases as input.     

建立健全会员数据库 促进会员管理自动化

在市场经济新形势下,学会为了适应大环境的发展,在其运行机制、思想观念、思维方式、工作内容和方法上都有了良好的改变,并在不断完善.市场经济提高了学会的竞争意识,只有充分发挥学会"知识密集、人才荟萃"的优势,积极参与学会有关活动,才能提高学会的社会地位.中国振动工程学会汇集了全国各大院校、研究所、厂矿中从事振动工程专业的优秀科技工作者,学会开展任何学术、组织、咨询等活动都需要他们积极参与和支持,是学会的财富.这些人力资源如何管理和信息有效利用是学会管理工作中一项重要工作,也是各项工作的基础.     

金融支持、科技创新与循环经济发展的理论与实证研究

在以科技创新促进循环经济发展中,金融支持是其不可或缺的条件.定性分析与实证考量的结果表明,金融对促进循环经济领域科技创新的效果并不显著.因此,推进直接融资和间接融资两种金融支持模式的协调发展,构建以政府为引导,银行贷款为主体,风险投资为支撑的多元化、多渠道融资体系,成为促进循环经济领域科技创新金融支持的现实途径.     

Designing to support situation awareness across distances: an example from a scientific collaboratory

When collaborating, individuals rely on situation awareness (the gathering, incorporation and utilization of environmental information) to help them combine their unique knowledge and skills and achieve their goals. When collaborating across distances, situation awareness is mediated by technology. There are few guidelines to help system analysts design systems or applications that support the creation and maintenance of situation awareness for teams or groups. We propose a framework to guide design decisions to enhance computer-mediated situation awareness during scientific research collaboration. The foundation for this framework is previous research in situation awareness and virtual reality, combined with our analysis of interviews with and observations of collaborating scientists. The framework suggests that situation awareness is comprised of contextual, task and process, and socio-emotional information. Research in virtual reality systems suggests control, sensory, distraction and realism attributes of technology contribute to a sense of presence [Presence 7 (1998) 225]. We suggest that consideration of these attributes with respect to contextual, task and process, and socio-emotional information provides insights to guide design decisions. We used the framework when designing a scientific collaboratory system. Results from a controlled experimental evaluation of the collaboratory system help illustrate the framework's utility.     

On a modification approach to a class of Lyapunov-based robust controllers subject to input constraint

This paper presents an approach to the modification of a class of Lyapunov-based robust controllers when the input constraint needs to be taken into account. The approach shows advantages in enhancing the input utilization and in retaining the stability and the robustness of the original control. The modification comprises two stages. The first stage is to reshape the original control for satisfying the constraint and preserving the original control direction. The second stage is to apply a structure for enhancing the input utilization and retaining the stability and robustness developed in the first stage. In addition, an estimate of the stabilization region is employed to select the design parameters for the local, semiglobal, and global stabilization.     

做好高职院班主任工作的几点思考

班主任是高职院校学生管理的具体执行者,是学生进入大学后思想、学习及就业等的指导人。笔者从新生班级班干的选拔、树立良好班风、指导学生职业生涯规划、宿舍管理等方面对高职院班主任工作进行了探讨,提出通过建立学生档案,用爱心做好班主任工作。     

How to design the master data architecture: Findings from a case study at Bosch

Master data management (MDM) is a topic of increasing prominence both in the scientific and in the practitioners’ information systems (IS) community. As a prerequisite for meeting strategic business requirements, such as compliance with regulations, business integration, or integrated customer management, MDM comprises numerous activities. One of the central activities is designing and maintaining the master data architecture. Interestingly, though, the scientific community has remained almost silent with regard to the question as to how companies should proceed when designing the master data architecture. In order to shed light on this unexplored topic, the paper at hand presents the findings of a case study at Bosch Group. The case study shows that designing the master data architecture is a multidimensional task which requires balancing the interests of various organizational stakeholders, managing an array of technical opportunities, and meeting requirements of numerous master data classes. Also, the case study suggests that taking advantage of architectural design patterns may be an appropriate way to adequately address the complexity of the task.     

如何加强辅导员队伍工作课程化

当今,辅导员工作和思想政治教育工作是大学生思想政治教育的主场地,但又面临了极为尴尬的局面。如何寻求辅导员工作和思想政治教育工作的契合点。让辅导员工作“课程化”,是高校辅导员工作和思想政治教育工作的双赢决策。然而,要使辅导员工作“课程化”,必须做到：重塑思想观,贯彻落实相关制度;严把入口关,确保人才引进质量;更新教育观,改革现行的教学模式．培养出适应社会发展的学生和员工．     

浅谈数字化钻井系统亟需解决的几个问题

数字化钻井系统是将先进的信息化、智能化和自动化技术集成后,通过在钻井过程中的广泛应用．实现最优化钻井的成套综合技术。目前数字化钻井系统尚需研究其网络化、信息资源、自动化钻井设备与测试仪器和智能化井下工具等问题。     

构建语文和谐课堂的“三部曲”

小学语文课堂教学是一门学问,更是一门艺术。要想使其能“吟唱”出语文的灵性、生机与活力,使学生这一个个鲜活的生命尽情地绽放,那么教师就要明确自己在新课程背景下的角色定位,努力创建和谐的师生关系、民主的学习氛围、开放的学习方式、创新的教学方法,力求归真、入情、求美。这样学生方能体验到学习语文的乐趣,享受到语文本身的魅力！     

Bifurcation with regard to combined interaction parameter in a life energy system dynamic model of two components with multiple delays

Bifurcation theory is commonly used to study the dynamical behavior of ecosystems. It involves the analysis of points in the parameter space where the stability of the system changes qualitatively. The type of bifurcation that associates equilibria with periodic solution is called Hopf bifurcation. In this paper, a life energy system dynamic model of two components with multiple delays is presented. It is shown that the interaction parameters of the delayed ecosystem play a fundamental role in classifying the rich dynamics and bifurcation phenomena. Regarding the combined interaction parameter as a bifurcation parameter, the bifurcation values in the parameter plane are displayed. The direction of the Hopf bifurcation and the stability of the bifurcating periodic solutions are determined by applying the normal form theory and the center manifold theorem. Moreover, the amplitudes of oscillations always increase as the interaction parameters increase, while the robustness of periods occurs as the interaction parameters vary. From an ecological point of view, the existence of Hopf bifurcation expresses periodic oscillatory behavior of the life energy system.