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??The paper is focused on the seen library and information science abstracts and indexes. A survey was con- ducted on the duplication of Chinese and English journals indexed by these abstracts and indexes and on the jour- oafs highly recorded.The result showed that there was a high ratio of duplication of professional journals but monographies, text books, proceedings, and thesis wore mostly excluded. Then suggestions are put forward to the improvement of current secondary information system.     

不同语料下基于LDA主题模型的科学文献主题抽取效果分析

[目的/意义]潜在狄利克雷分布(Latent Dirichlet Allocation,LDA)在科技情报分析中用来发现学科主题、挖掘研究热点以及预测研究趋势等。对常见的科学文献文本语料库(关键词、摘要、关键词+摘要)进行LDA主题抽取效果的评价,以揭示不同语料库的主题抽取效果,提高LDA在科技情报分析中的应用效果。[方法/过程]对上述3种语料库下的LDA主题模型进行对比研究,采用基于查全率、查准率、F值以及信息熵的定量分析和基于主题抽取的广度和主题粒度的定性分析相结合的方法对主题抽取效果进行评价。[结果/结论]通过国内风能领域的科学文献数据实证研究发现,无论是从定量分析还是从定性分析来看,摘要和关键词+摘要作为语料的LDA主题抽取的效果均优于关键词作为语料的LDA主题抽取效果,并且前者在主题抽取的广度方面表现更好,而后者抽取的主题粒度更细。     

Information Needs of Anthropologists

Anthropologists at seven universities were surveyed in order to discover: the ways in which they go about locating information of value to them; the information sources that they use and that are of the greatest significance to them; the adequacy of the library service being currently provided to anthropologists; and any opinions they have on the subject of their information needs. Results show that anthropologists; information requirements differ somewhat from those of other social scientists. Reference lists in journals and books are often used to locate information sources; journals are the most important information source. However, cultural anthropologists report that their own field data is their most significant source. Anthropologists use pictorial sources and maps more frequently than social scientists in general do; they also make great use of interlibrary loan. Most of the information needs of the majority of respondents are met by their university's library. Older scholars tend to use databases less than younger ones do; online abstracts and indexes are most important to anthropologists than their print versions are. Some respondents express a great desire for a database which would include current references, abstracts, and articles in anthropology.     

Library use and information-seeking behavior of veterinary medical students

Veterinary medical students at Iowa State University were assessed for general use of the veterinary library and for their information-seeking behavior. The library was most frequently used for studying and for making photocopies of materials. The typical respondent relied on course textbooks and handouts for current information on unfamiliar topics, instead of using indexes or abstracts for guidance to recent literature. Light use of library information resources raises the concern that students are developing an inadequate base of retrieval skills for finding information on new procedures, diseases and drugs. No differences were found between students with and without formal bibliographic instruction in their approaches to seeking information or in library use.     

Statistics ofRILM: Répertoire International de Littéerature Musicale

Commonly referred to asRILM Abstracts of Music Literature orRILM, theRILM database is published in printed, online, and CD-ROM formats. This international musicological bibliography of scholarly writings in 202 languages on music and related disciplines is classified by topic and includes original-language titles; title translations in English; full bibliographic information; abstracts in English; author, journal, and subject indexes; and a thesaurus.     

Quality of abstracts in articles submitted to a scholarly journal: A mixed methods case study of the journal Research in the Schools

The present formatting and content of abstracts in educational research might be one barrier preventing wider dissemination and use of such research. Structured abstracts, with specific formatting and content requirements, might help researchers disseminate their work more effectively and efficiently. The purpose of this study was to investigate 2 years of abstracts of empirical research articles submitted to Research in the Schools and to determine the extent to which the abstracts were underdeveloped, thereby suggesting the need for structured abstracts. Of the 74 articles reviewed, 35 (44.3%) contained an underdeveloped abstract. Articles with underdeveloped abstracts were approximately twice as likely to be rejected than were articles with developed abstracts. Finally, 34.3% of the articles contained information in the abstract (e.g., purpose statement, sample size, findings) that was inconsistent with information provided elsewhere in the article.     

Google scholar对文摘数据库的冲击

文摘数据库以其收录信息全、检索功能强、全文链接、定题跟踪等优势,被图书馆界公认为是系统检索科研信息的首选检索工具,但科研人员却更多地选择Google scholar。文章从信息来源、检索功能等方面对比Googlescholar与文摘数据库,认为文摘数据库仍是系统检索科研信息的首选检索工具,提出通过加强宣传文摘数据库、完善馆藏链接与全文链接、整合电子资源等方式,使更多的科研人员选择文摘数据库。     

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《全国报刊索引》摘刊量大摘文量小，而相应学科的文献期刊则相反。它们在不同程度上离期刊信息的实际离散特性。因此，用不同的检索类期刊研究与期刊信息离散性有关的同一课题时，难以得到相同的结果。检索类期刊摘刊摘文量的规范化以及采用科学的综合方法是更真实地反映期刊信息散性的有效途径。     

论生物医学论文英文摘要中背景信息描写的必要性

国内多数医学期刊英文摘要中没有背景信息部分描写,而国外多数知名医学期刊摘要中则有背景信息部分。该文从医学论文英文摘要的篇章结构入手,分析国外期刊摘要中背景信息存在的原因,指出背景信息有助于语篇的语义连贯,增强摘要的可读性,提高读者的阅读兴趣和对文摘内容的记忆力。国内期刊应与国际期刊接轨,增加背景信息部分。     

科技期刊英文摘要的编写要求

摘要应在具体、清楚、不遗漏要点的前提下尽量简洁。介绍Ei对英文摘要语体的要求，给出了缩短文摘篇幅的方法。指出对作者工作叙述不具体、背景信息和无用信息过多是我国科技期刊英文摘要中经常出现的问题，并举例说明英文摘要的修改方法。     

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根据科技期刊编辑的原则，分析了我国图书馆学情报学期刊文化文摘要存在的问题，并简要地论述了论文摘要的形式、要素和必须注意的问题。     

A case for local current-awareness publications

相似文献   

论摘要的学术价值

从浓缩、规范、检索3个方面论述文献摘要的学术价值。认为编辑应高度重视摘要的信息提取和准确表达，以提高论文的检索效率和期刊的知名度。     

Adoption of structured abstracts by general medical journals and format for a structured abstract.

BACKGROUND: The use of a structured abstract has been recommended in reporting medical literature to quickly convey necessary information to editors and readers. The use of structured abstracts increased during the mid-1990s; however, recent practice has yet to be analyzed. OBJECTIVES: This article explored actual reporting patterns of abstracts recently published in selected medical journals and examined what these journals required of abstracts (structured or otherwise and, if structured, which format). METHODS: The top thirty journals according to impact factors noted in the "Medicine, General and Internal" category of the ISI Journal Citation Reports (2000) were sampled. Articles of original contributions published by each journal in January 2001 were examined. Cluster analysis was performed to classify the patterns of structured abstracts objectively. Journals' instructions to authors for writing an article abstract were also examined. RESULTS: Among 304 original articles that included abstracts, 188 (61.8%) had structured and 116 (38.2%) had unstructured abstracts. One hundred twenty-five (66.5%) of the abstracts used the introduction, methods, results, and discussion (IMRAD) format, and 63 (33.5%) used the 8-heading format proposed by Haynes et al. Twenty-one journals requested structured abstracts in their instructions to authors; 8 journals requested the 8-heading format; and 1 journal requested it only for intervention studies. CONCLUSIONS: Even in recent years, not all abstracts of original articles are structured. The eight-heading format was neither commonly used in actual reporting patterns nor noted in journal instructions to authors.     

Sources of information on medical geography

Adequate research in the peripheral field of medical geography requires familiarity with the literature of medicine, geography, and other environmentally oriented fields. The pertinent literature of the two primary disciplines, as well as that of anthropology, nutrition, and human bioclimatology, is surveyed from a bibliographical point of view. A brief review of historical sources is presented, followed by a discussion of the contemporary organizations, both international and national, active in the field. Emphasis is placed on the publishing programs and projects, maps, atlases, symposia, reports, and other literature sponsored or stimulated by these organizations. Regional bibliographical surveys for East Africa, India, and the Soviet Union are also noted. Pertinent aspects of bibliographies, indexes, abstracts, library card catalogs and accession lists, and other resources are listed, with emphasis on the various subject headings and other approaches to them. Throughout, the sources of information are approached from a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary viewpoint.     

图书馆学、情报学核心期刊论文摘要分析

通过对图书情报专业17种核心期刊文前摘要的统计分析发现:图书情报专业核心期刊文前摘要普通存在着指示性文摘过多、篇幅短、信息量少、人称使用不规范等情况,这是由学科性质、文章内容、作者意识、编辑要求等多方面原因造成的。建议图书情报界要开展文摘标准化讨论,提高作者认识,而图书情报专业核心期刊的编辑更应做出表率,严格规范。     

论科技期刊英文摘要的审译——以《海洋技术学报》为例

英文摘要的审译是期刊论文编辑加工的重要环节,对论文核心观点的国际传播和科技期刊的国际影响力提升具有关键性影响。当前国内科技期刊英文摘要主要存在文法错误、错译和漏译、中英文摘要不对应、文体风格欠佳等问题。为妥善处理文法错误,英文编辑需要不断提高语言和专业素养。鉴于中英语言差异,编辑在审译中应遵循"意义对等"原则消灭错译和漏译,保证英文摘要的忠实性和完整性。编辑还应重视改正文体错误和中式英语,并推广运用简明英语以优化文体风格,促进科技信息在国际学界的畅通传递。     

REHABDATA: a disability and rehabilitation information resource

The National Rehabilitation Information Center's REHABDATA database contains about 69,000 abstracts on information contained in published books, reports, and articles, as well as audiovisual materials. All information contained relates to the topic of disability and rehabilitation research. This column will provide background information on the REHABDATA file and include some basic search hints and features.     

Re-conceptualizing statistical abstracts in the 21st century: An empirical study of sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics

Web-available information resources continue to diversify and proliferate; new segments of the population join the Internet; and technological capabilities of the Web expand. One arena in which these changes are being manifested is in federal statistical information dissemination. Statistical abstracts, a dominant form of information dissemination, are being reshaped in the face of these changes. In this study, a panel of experts from criminal justice and cognate fields participated in a four-round Delphi study to develop a mission statement for the next five years for one statistical abstract, Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics [Pastore, A. L., & Maguire, K. (Eds.). (2001). Sourcebook of criminal justice statistics. Retrieved January 28, 2004, from http://www.albany.edu/sourcebook/]¹, and a list of associated requirements for attaining that mission. Participants see the role of statistical abstracts as continuing to be important in demonstrating the range of available statistical information and providing easy access to the most commonly used statistics. Their utility can be enhanced by technological advances. The findings have implications for the role of statistical abstracts in general.     

论科技学术期刊的信息彰显

根据信息传播的使用与满足理论,论述科技学术期刊信息彰显的意义、对象和方法。科技学术期刊的信息彰显,是满足读者获取信息需要的重要前提。信息彰显的对象包括每篇论文和整本期刊的信息彰显。信息彰显的方法有摘要浓缩、结论概括、图表直观、删简繁冗、栏目明类、辅文提示,等等。