Decision points in the integrative research review process: a flow-chart approach

With the ever increasing volume of research information appearing in the literature, research syntheses are becoming more popular among researchers in various disciplines. This phenomenon demands application of rigorous and systematic review methodologies. Using Cooper's five-stage process for conducting an integrative research review, the authors have constructed a flow chart for health sciences librarians and others using this approach to identify decision points in this process. The accompanying narrative details the information that must be considered and analyzed. Included in the flow chart and text is an elaboration of meta-analysis and an integrative review to accommodate both quantitative and qualitative research results. A case is made for a collaborative relationship between the researcher and the librarian.     

使用与满足视角下社交网络用户行为研究综述:基于国外54篇实证研究文献的内容分析

[目的/意义]基于使用与满足这一视角,对国外社交网络用户行为相关的文献进行系统的梳理与分析,以期对国内相关研究提供参考。[方法/过程]采用内容分析方法,遵循Webster和Watson的两阶段综述方法,共获取社交网络用户行为研究相关的实证类文献54篇;逐一阅读与分析这些文献,主要关注与分析每篇文献所应用的研究主题、理论基础、因变量、自变量与实证结果。[结果/结论]研究发现：已有研究通常整合多种理论来构建实证模型;认知需求、个人整合需求以及社会整合需求相关的影响因素被学者关注得最多;与此同时,情感需求与压力释放需求相关的影响因素也逐渐受到关注。后续研究需要关注不同层面的需求满足对社交网络用户行为产生的不同影响、不同代际的用户群体使用社交网络的行为以及社交网络沉迷行为这些日益浮现的重要议题。     

Toward community-engaged information behavior research: A methodological framework

There is a dearth of information behavior research employing a community-engaged approach. This research takes the concept of community engagement as its central focus, reviewing its proximal use in information behavior research and arguing its potential as an integrative process that can restore and reposition the community-researcher relationship in the information behavior field. The “why – what – how” of undertaking community-engaged information behavior (CEIB) research were elaborated and a methodological framework was developed based on these discussions. The CEIB methodology introduced advances a new approach to study human-information interactions, consisting of principles and core components and characteristics of CEIB research that moves beyond the one-sided, researcher-led information behavior study.     

研究图书馆2020：嵌入式协作化知识实验室？

研究图书馆正面临着价值质疑、贡献边缘化等危机,而解决危机必须从重新认识研究图书馆支持科技创新的目标与需要出发。通过对科技创新工作流中新的关键知识瓶颈进行分析,认为当前和未来科技创新需要宏知识、科研数据管理和基于知识的交互协同创造能力。图书馆服务应抓住机遇,建立支持战略性知识需求的新型知识服务范式,建立覆盖综合科技创新资源和覆盖科研过程的新型知识管理模式,建立支持合作创新、群组学习和交互传播的协同知识服务能力。以中国科学院文献情报体系为例,提出要建设综合数字知识基础设施,完善科技发展态势监测分析服务,构建嵌入科研一线的科研知识服务,建立虚实结合的协同知识服务机制。     

中文文献自动标引过程研究

自动标引是现代信息检索研究工作的重点之一，论述了自动标引的整个过程中所应该注意的问题，并描绘了自动标引的流程图。     

Not just another BI: Faculty-librarian collaboration to guide students through the research process

Many students assigned independent research investigations as class projects do not recognize the role that library research plays in project development. They often have trouble applying their basic library skills to a more sophisticated review of the literature and relating their own survey data to published research. In order to coordinate research guidance for a senior-level class at the University of Delaware, a library instruction session was expanded into a program of continuous faculty-librarian support for students completing the class project. A flow chart of project steps was modified successfully to include opportunities for instructor and librarian consultations and checkpoints for problem identification.     

面向电子商务网站的在线评论信息质量感知机理研究

[目的/意义]针对电子商务网站,深入剖析其在线评论信息质量感知的过程,阐明在线评论信息质量感知的运行规则和基本原理,有利于全方位剖析在线评论信息接收用户对信息处理与认知的模式.[方法/过程]首先了解在线评论信息质量感知的内涵与特征;其次明确在线评论信息质量感知涉及的4个要素;再次对在线评论信息质量感知过程的5个阶段进行...     

整体性社会理论及其对信息不平等研究的适用性——以布迪厄的社会理论为例

本文以法国社会学家布迪厄的理论为例,介绍了整体性理论对社会科学二元对立视角的弥合,讨论了布迪厄理论对信息不平等研究的启迪,展示了按整体性思路创新信息不平等理论的可行性和价值。     

图书馆新服务平台环境下电子资源访问故障研究及实践

[目的/意义]随着图书馆新一代管理平台ALMA及以PRIMO为代表的发现系统在国内的推广应用,图书馆新服务平台环境下电子资源访问故障问题凸显,影响用户体验并困扰着图书馆员。由于电子资源访问故障成因复杂,其机理和应对机制已成为图书馆关注的重点。[方法/过程]对国内外发现系统相关电子资源访问故障研究进行文献调研;分析从用户在发现系统触发检索请求到访问全文的流程;对ALMA系统上线以来若干电子资源访问故障案例进行分析。[结果/结论]总结发现系统环境下电子资源访问故障成因及解决机制研究进展;梳理从用户在发现系统触发检索请求到访问全文的流程;结合案例,从Primo Central Index元数据质量、ALMA数据质量和相关配置、电子资源自身信息变更3个方面详细分析电子资源访问故障主要成因。提出图书馆可从为用户提供易于操作的访问故障反馈渠道、收集分析访问故障案例、建立电子资源故障解决流程、提升馆员解决电子资源故障的能力等方面应对访问故障。     

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��[Purpose/significance] Electronic resources accessproblems are increasingly obvious because of the launch of new service platform ALMA and PRIMO, which confuses the librarians and affects users' experience. Library should pay more attention to it.[Method/process] The paper reviewed the literatures on electronic resources troubleshooting, analyzed the flow chart of electronic resources access in discovery system and also investigated examples of commonly encountered access problems.[Result/conclusion] Summarizing the research progress on electronic resources access issues and outline the access process. Major reasons of access trouble are examined from 3 aspects:metadata quality and configuration in Primo Central Index and ALMA, information change of electronic resources themselves. Some suggestions for solving access problems are put forward.     

高校阅读推广活动策划流程研究

高校阅读推广活动是一个典型的节事活动,应当有策划环节和意识。论文结合江苏农林职业技术学院阅读推广活动策划的实践,详细论述了高校阅读推广活动策划流程,并给出高校阅读推广活动策划流程图、组织／任务矩阵和进度计划横道图。     

数据新闻中信息图表的阅读效果:来自眼动的证据

[目的/意义]以数据新闻为阅读情境、信息图表为实验材料，使用眼动与行为实验和质性访谈方法研究读者对信息图表的阅读效果，探究读者的认知和视觉反应，为数据新闻的设计策略优化提供参考。[方法/过程]采用两个阶段的单因素设计实验。阶段一为眼动实验，考察被试对不同类型数据新闻信息图表的平均注视次数、注视点持续时间和主观满意度。阶段二为信息图表阅读效果的行为实验，探讨信息图表中不同数据展示形式对阅读效果的影响，因变量为被试的反应时和正确率。[结果/结论]数据新闻的阅读呈现"Z"型视觉轨迹；导语段是浏览的重点区域；分栏标题获得高关注度。研究还证实，柱状图更易于吸引读者的视觉注意，创造整体性印象，让读者更主动地进入信息加工过程；折线图吸引视觉注意的能力稍弱，但细节突出，读者的记忆效果最好；而饼图的认知加工消耗的认知资源最多，应当谨慎使用。     

元分析方法研究综述

本文对目前医学及社会科学领域学者采用的定量化文献综述方法----元分析方法进行了文献调研,从元分析的理论入手对该方法的实质、优势进行了简要介绍,通过对该方法在国内外医学、社会科学及图书情报学领域的应用研究梳理,归纳整理了元分析方法在实践中的操作流程。本文以为作为一种有效集成已有研究的方法,元分析方法在情报学领域得到的关注还不够,其原因是多方面的,如缺乏实证数据支撑、出版偏好等。     

清末民初科技期刊的传播渠道及其信息流动模式探讨——以《地学杂志》为例

以《地学杂志》为例,探究清末民初科技期刊的传播渠道及其信息流动模式。研究认为,清末民初,中国科技期刊的传播渠道主要有4种：会员内分发;邮寄、分售、代售;交换、赠阅;以官方渠道进入学堂。其信息流动模式主要有2种：学科共同体内的交流;向社会民众的传播。这2种信息流动模式并不是单向和孤立的,而是形成了循环、融汇、互动的信息流...     

科研协同中信息操纵行为的特征及其影响因素研究

[目的/意义]科研协同的效应取决于信息完整、正确、有效地流动,而在信息流动过程中不可避免地存在信息故意失真行为,即通过伪造、隐瞒和逃避等来操纵信息等行为.研究科研协同的信息操纵行为及其影响因素有助于科研机构掌握信息操纵行为的特征,制定信息治理策略,提升协同效应.[方法/过程]基于扎根理论,对111位科研人员进行深度访谈...     

Information overload within the health care system: a literature review

There is a widespread view held by health clinicians that their work effectiveness is impaired by 'information overload.' Building upon a previous work by Wilson, a review of the literature was undertaken to look for the evidence of this. It was found that the literature, particularly in the context of the clinical environment, was limited. This review explores the diverse overarching theories of information overload, effects of the phenomenon that are perceived to occur and proposed solutions to this problem. Many of the papers noted an information explosion but only three authors explicitly attempted to measure both the quantity and the complexity of this information. It was also found that the typology of the information studied was severely limited with most studies exploring information such as guidelines, access to journals, research findings and other knowledge intensive areas. Solutions proposed seem to concentrate on technological means rather than exploring the use of humans either in management of information or as a step in the filtering process.     

Students’ Research Experiences During Consulting Projects: Three Themes Emerging from Case Studies

Student consulting projects, an advanced form of problem-based learning, allow students to apply the skills developed in their classes on behalf of client organizations. A review of selected case studies in business education and other management education literature shows that research is an integral part of this consulting process. More than that, the process of conducting research on behalf of a client exposes students to concepts of self-management, relationship management, and data management. With expert skills in conducting research and in developing information literacy instruction plans, librarians can lend structure to the unstructured research process in order to support the students as they evolve into self-managed, lifelong learners.     

注册式研究报告的同行评议机制研究

[目的/意义]近年来频发的"学术丑闻"对我国的科研评议机制提出新的挑战。而在开放科学运动中兴起的注册式研究报告因其独特的同行评议机制,能有效地提高研究过程、评估环节的透明度,减少审稿过程中的出版偏见,确保学术严谨和科研质量,最大程度地减少学术造假行为。对注册式研究报告的同行评议机制现状和特点进行分析,以期为我国同行评议的创新发展和科学完善提供参考。[方法/过程]综合运用网络调研法和内容分析法,从注册式研究报告同行评议机制的评议流程、评议形式、评议效率、评议道德指南、同行评议专家库建设等方面进行分析,探讨注册式研究报告同行评议机制中作者、评议专家、编辑三者之间关系以及相关权利,总结注册式研究报告的同行评议机制的特征。[结果/结论]注册式研究报告同行评议机制创新性特点主要表现在：①审稿流程与标准的优化：注册式研究报告实行两次同行评议的新模式,不再仅以专家主观判断为标准,同时评议专家选择和专家意见处理等流程科学合理;②审稿匿名性和交互性的改进：同行评议的形式多样化,在保持基本的制衡关系中追求最大的灵活性;③审稿效率的提升：并行式的评议信息传递方式、明文化规定和系统化监惩机制促成高效率的同行评议。注册式研究报告同行评议机制的先进性特点主要表现在：①建立严格且细致的评议专家道德规范体系;②重视同行评议专家库的建设,形成完善的评议专家激励机制。     

Cancer communications research and health outcomes: Review and challenge

This report presents a detailed review of current published research on cancer communications that provide strong positive outcome data on the effectiveness of strategic communications in cancer control. The research literature is examined in three categories based on the communications strategy used and behavior targeted: 1) strategic communications on adoption of prevention behaviors in diverse populations; and on promotion of cancer detection and screening behaviors; 2) tailored communications on promotion of cancer prevention and control; and on promotion of screening and detection behaviors; and 3) interpersonal communications on provision of social support to individuals living with cancer. The review of the literature suggests that communication interventions can influence important health outcomes in cancer prevention and control, and communication is a central process for disseminating cancer information to key populations. For example, the review illustrates the role of the NCI's Cancer Information Service as an important source of communication for providing consumers with relevant cancer information. Implications are drawn from this review for demonstrating the value of the expanded research programs proposed by the National Cancer Institute as part of their Extraordinary Opportunity in Cancer Communications Research initiative.     

借助八爪鱼采集器实现过刊网刊元数据的自动提取

现有的元数据提取方法提取规则烦琐、适应性差.针对这一问题,文章提出了借助八爪鱼采集器实现过刊网刊元数据提取的新方法.该方法以大型数据库的网页信息为对象,建立了提取元数据的流程图,通过该流程图设置相应的规则,并配置抓取数据模块,最后将该方法应用于网刊元数据的自动提取中.实际应用显示,该方法有效地提高了元数据的提取性能,并且具有较强的适应性.