内在性和外在性:教育政策的两种价值指向

教育政策的价值指向追问的是教育政策满足哪些政策价值主体的需要.根据教育政策所满足需要的主体不同.可以将价值指向分为内在性和外在性.文章通过三个地方性教育政策案例的考察,分析了现实中教育政策价值指向的内在性和外在性之间的实然关系,并提出受教育者的发展是建构二者之间合理关系的基石.     

Parental socialization, vagal regulation, and preschoolers' anxious difficulties: direct mothers and moderated fathers

Parental supportiveness and protective overcontrol and preschoolers' parasympathetic regulation were examined as predictors of temperamental inhibition, social wariness, and internalizing problems. Lower baseline vagal tone and weaker vagal suppression were expected to mark poorer dispositional self-regulatory capacity, leaving children more susceptible to the influence of parental socialization. Less supportive mothers had preschoolers with more internalizing problems. One interaction between baseline vagal tone and maternal protective overcontrol, predicting social wariness, conformed to the moderation hypothesis. Conversely, vagal suppression moderated several links between paternal socialization and children's anxious difficulties in the expected pattern. There were more links between mothers' self-reported parenting and child outcomes than were noted for direct observations of maternal behavior, whereas the opposite tended to be true for fathers.     

少年社会化与家庭教化

顺利实现少年社会化，家庭教化应走出对子女教育与其自身行为背反的误区，加强家庭社会化的自觉性，拓宽社会化的内容，配合学校，社会进行心理调适，努力完善家庭教化功能。     

Parental education in Cyprus: Past,present and future

The article examines the history of parental education in Cyprus from its beginnings in the 1960s until the present day, in the wider context of Cypriot history and education. It considers the three main forums of parental education in the country, the Pancyprian School for Parents, the Adult Education Centres of the Ministry of Education and Culture and the University of Cyprus, which roughly coincide with the past, the present and the future of parental education on the island. The article comments on the development of the teaching philosophy and approach in the area of parental education, namely from a passive teacher centred traditional didactic model to a more dynamic participatory partnership.     

试论道德教育的开放性

道德教育如果只依赖于学校教育，道德理念与道德实践一定会分离，要使德育实施效果与德育地位相统一，应注意家庭、学校和社会的协调，德育与其他教育内容的融合，自律与他律的整合，理论与实践的统一。     

论学前教育社会化

学前教育是公益事业,同时也是一项特殊事业。随着世界经济全球化(全球化又以社会化为主要趋势和本质特征)、文化多元化、人们需求多样化以及教育民主化的蓬勃展开,私立幼教机构发展迅速,学前教育社会化日益呈现出以下主要特点：1.学前教育社会化的普遍性。近几十年来,学前教育社会化在世界范围内呈现出明显的增长态势,私立或私营的学前教育机构在整个学前教育事业中所占比重越来越大,越来越多的儿童在私立的学前教育机构中接受教育。据统计,在美洲,1989年美国私立幼教机构中入园幼儿的比例为当年入园幼儿总数的37%,智利为49%;在欧…     

建立以需求为导向的社区教育办学机制——实现教育社会化的回归

1999年1月,国务院批转了教育部制定的《面向21世纪教育振兴行动计划》,明确提出"开展社区教育的实践工作,逐步建立和完善终身教育体系"。然而,诸多年来,社区教育并没有得到足够的重视,传统的重理论、轻实践的教育模式仍占统治地位。尽管如此,高考后的毕业生其就业情况不但没有改观而且就业形势日趋紧张,严重妨碍了社会和谐发展。究其根本原因,笔者认为,教条、本本主义是最终祸根,因为脱离实际的教育体系已不能满足社会向前发展的需要。为此,笔者对教育回归社会、向社区教育纵深挺进颇有感触,在此略作探究。     

An alternative model of special education teacher education socialization

The process of organizational socialization sheds light on the difficulty of a university program to effectively socialize its special education teacher candidates into believing and acting on theories of inclusion for students with disabilities in public schools. In general, people are socialized by prior experiences, then the university, then the workplace. In this case, the workplace socialization exists prior to participation in the university setting and in conjunction with it potentially complicating traditional university socialization. This study explores how prospective special education teachers in a moderate/severe special education teacher credential program adopt, adapt, and redefine the concept of inclusion. An analysis of their use of the term “inclusion” in semi-structured interviews draws attention to the degree to which they have or have not been socialized into believing and acting on inclusion at their schools.     

Developments in cognitive socialization: implications for deaf education

Over the past 2 to 3 decades, the cognitive socialization literature has advanced about 40 major issues that could have a major impact on the principles and procedures of deaf education. The article presents a conceptual model of the cognitive social bases of language that is derived from the philosophical view of constructionism and theoretical perspectives of speech act theory and relevance theory. With the cognitive socialization perspective and this conceptual model, 4 of the 40 issues are discussed: (a) the centrality of intent replacing reinforcement as a more viable account of language acquisition, (b) modality and core issues of language, (c) lack of construct validity in assessment, and (d) heterogeneity. Implications for the advancement of deaf education are discussed throughout.     

Parental Beliefs on Childhood Disability: insights on culture,child development and intervention

This paper examines studies on the interface of culture, parental beliefs, and childhood disability, within an ecological framework. Through a discussion of studies on parents’ beliefs about the nature and causes of childhood disability, and their ideas about treatment among various cultural groups, it is proposed that parental beliefs is a means by which culture affects child development. Parents’ beliefs about childhood disability provide the structure and context to the development of a child with a disability. Parents’ beliefs about the nature and causes of disability likewise provide the context for parents’ beliefs about treatment and intervention. The studies also revealed that parents held both biomedical and sociocultural views, reflecting duality in beliefs. Conceptual and methodological considerations for future research on culture, parental beliefs, and childhood disability are discussed. The linkages between parents’ ideas and intervention has implications for clinical practice, particularly for multi‐cultural societies.     

Parental expectation of early childhood education: comparison between China, Japan, and Korea

This study investigates 727 parents from China, Japan, and Korea by a self-devised scale and compares the differences in their expectation of early childhood education in cross-cultural backgrounds. The result shows that parents from the three countries have a positive attitude toward their children's development. The main effect of nations on such factors as individual development, close attention to diet, willpower training, moral judgment, and emotional exchange with adults is significant, while the two-way interaction between nations and child gender, nations and child age, and the three-way interaction between nations, child gender, and child age are not significant. Translated from Xueqian Jiaoyu Yanjiu 学前教育研究 (Studies in Preschool Education), 2006, (4): 60–62     

浅析高校思想政治教育社会化趋势

高校思想政治教肓社会化趋势是由高校社会化趋势和大学生最终社会化的现实要求、高校思想政治教育的现实以及素质教育的要求决定的.它有利于丰富思想政治教育的内容和形式,改变被动局面,真正实现教育的目标.因此必须认识到它的长期性和紧迫性,充分发挥高校在其中的主导作用.     

Parental agreement on child-rearing orientations: relations to parental, marital, family, and child characteristics

Recent research on parental agreement on child-rearing values has found it to be positively related to effective parenting. The exact nature of the relation, however, is not clear. Are they different constructs, or is agreement simply one more variable that describes effective parenting? A sample of 136 families and their preschool children was studied by observation and an extensive self-report questionnaire package. Parental agreement was assessed using the Block Child-rearing Practices Report. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that the agreement score rarely added any information not already provided by the parental effectiveness scores. A Q-factor analysis revealed that the agreement score actually represented agreement to a standard of good parenting. The parents who were high agreers were good parents who agreed with other good parents, while the low agreers were ineffective parents who disagreed with other parents, good or bad. Implications of these results for future research on parental agreement are discussed.     

Parental substance abuse and the nature of child maltreatment.

The authors reviewed 190 randomly selected records from the case load of a large juvenile court. These records involved cases in which the state took legal custody of the children following a finding of significant child maltreatment, based on a "clear and convincing" standard of evidence. Sixty-seven percent (127/190) of these cases involved parents who were classified as substance abusers. The results of this study revealed specific associations between (a) alcohol abuse and physical maltreatment and (b) cocaine abuse and sexual maltreatment. Logistic analyses, testing for the effects of polysubstance abuse, revealed that additional forms of substance abuse failed to add significantly to the effects of alcohol in predicting physical maltreatment or cocaine in predicting sexual maltreatment.     

Parental experience of child protection intervention: a qualitative study

OBJECTIVE: To explore the ways in which parents experience and negotiate child protection intervention. METHOD: A qualitative grounded theory approach was used. In-depth qualitative interviews explored the experiences of 18 parents who had received child protection services. Grounded theory methods were used to build a model representing the ways these parents perceived and reacted to intervention. RESULTS: The ways parents perceive workers using power was shown to be the primary influence shaping parents' views of intervention and their reactions to it. Two perceptions of power emerged: parents perceived power being used over them as a form of control or power with them as a form of support. Three ways of responding to intervention emerged: parents fought workers by openly opposing them, played the game by feigning co-operation, or worked with them in collaborative relationships. Parents experiencing power being used over them tended to fight or play the game while parents experiencing power being used with them tended to work with intervention. No evidence was found linking case type (non-voluntary or voluntary cases) to whether parents perceived power being used by workers over them or with them. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the importance of practitioners and policy makers being aware of the impact power has on worker-parent interaction. Doubts are raised about the viability of policies separating policing and helping in child protection through differential response systems.