方言词的来源分类初探——以客家方言为例

方言词有多种分类法。本文尝试从来源角度进行分类,即将来源可明的方言词分为自创词(内源词)和外源词,后者又分为通语词、它方言词、民族语词、外国语词四类,每类下又据历史层次各分为若干小类。这样不仅可以根据来源分类时的语源考察认清单个方言词的来历,更可以根据每个类别中包含词语的多少了解方言形成历史、形成过程以及方言与通语、周边方言、民族语甚至外国语的亲疏远近的关系。文章以客家方言为例,进行了举例说明。     

论《尔雅》方言词的训释方式──《尔雅》方言研究之一

《尔雅》方言词的训释方式有：直接指明方言区域，把不同的方言词放在一个条目中进行比较互释；用易懂的通语词训释难明的方言词；用方言词训释方言词；用方言词训释通语词；同一方言词的不同字形相释。     

论《尔雅》方言词的训释方式－－《尔雅》方言研究之一

《尔雅》方言词的训释方式有：直接指明方言区域，把不同的方言词放在一个条目中进行比较互释；用易懂的通语词训释难明的方言词；用方言词训释方言词；用方言词训释通语词；同一方言词的不同字形相释。     

“方言词”与“方来词”

一、什么是现代汉语方言词(或称:地域方言词)?现代汉语方言词一般指哪些词?我们发现,对此问题,语言界众说纷纭,所指不一。以几本有代表性的专著为例,可以归纳为两种对立的意见。 一种意见认为:“只在某一方言区域内流行的词,我们称为方言词。”“方言词指普通话里不用,而只有某个地区的人使用的词。”“方言词指的是跟普通话语汇相对的流行于某个方言的语词”。上述种种界说,措词大同小异,观点可谓一致归为一     

荆楚方言词汇的特点

荆楚方言词语词义的色彩、风格和来源;荆楚方言的词语词义跟普通话的比较;荆楚方言词语的造词方法和理据。     

近代汉语方言词研究在训诂上的价值

近代汉语研究起步较晚,词汇的研究,特别是方言词的研究更是薄弱。近代汉语方言词研究将有利于探索方言与通语的关系,有利于观察汉语方言间的渗透与影响。可以从6个方面鉴定历史方言词：一是词的频率标准;二是同一时代、不同词义的出现频率;三是文体及叙述角度标准;四是同一种古籍的不同版本间差异较大的词语;五是训诂学家笔下的方言记录;六是各类辞书、方言志收录的方言词。近代汉语方言词有很多还存在于正在使用的活语言中,训诂学的价值不可低估。分析活语言材料,可以准确解释词义;也有助于辞书编纂,比如词典立目、释义、义项处理等。     

南方方言中成音节鼻音的分布和演变

成音节鼻音在南方方言中较为普遍,根据其演变方式的不同可以分为词汇型和字音型两类,前者包括亲属称谓词、人称代词、指示词、否定词;后者根据其结构来源又可以分为来自声母、韵尾、鼻化韵的三类,其音类来源在各方言也有所不同,分布最广的为流摄明母、果摄和遇摄疑母字。成音节鼻音的演变条件可以归纳为:鼻音声母与高元音相拼,前高元音与齿龈鼻尾、圆唇后元音与软腭鼻尾相拼。成音节鼻音的形成是由于元音的音姿被相邻的辅音音姿所掩盖,而不是元音的完全脱落。高元音与鼻音在听感上具有相似性,也是成音节鼻音形成的动因。     

广西宜山方言词的源流及特点

本文探讨了宜山方言词的源流问题.认为宜山方言词明显地保存了不少古语词的特点,而且受粤方言影响较大.文中把宜山方言词分为宜山古语方言词、宜山外来方言词、宜山自产方言词三类。另外还探讨了宜山方言词的特点。认为宜山方言词具有极强的表现力、很大的灵活性,基数三至九组合成“AB”、“△A△B”式具有形容词词性等特点.     

连载(三) 中学新教学语法系统实用教学指南

第二章词类第一节概述一、划分词类的标准词类就是词的语法分类。之所以要强调“语法分类”,乃是因为词的分类多种多样:可以从语音的形上分类,得到的是单音(节)词,双音(节)词、多音(节)词;可以从意义上分类,得到的是单义词、多义词、同音(异义)词、同义词、反义词或者类义词(如天文类、地理类、植物类、动物类、文学类、艺术类等);也可以从其来源上分类,得到的是古语词、新造词、方言词、外来词     

河南南阳方言中的代词

本文分类描写了南阳方言中的代词,把南阳方言代词分为三大类,每一类又根据其内部的特点细分为若干类。对部分代词做了来源上的考释。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.