中国学习兴趣研究综述

中国学习兴趣研究主要集中在学习兴趣的作用,激发情境兴趣的因素,以及兴趣与智力、人格、其它非智力因素的关系等方面。从目前学习兴趣的研究现状来看,学习兴趣研究存在着学习兴趣定义不清、个人兴趣研究缺乏、实证研究与研究工具欠缺的问题。     

解题兴趣的来源及其教学价值

解题兴趣是影响解题活动的重要因素.在解题教学中培养解题兴趣,是培养学生解题能力的有效途径.因此,需要关注解题兴趣的来源.从兴趣分类的角度阐述解题兴趣的来源,为解题教学提供借鉴.     

谈如何激发学习语文的兴趣

传统的说教式教学模式,把原本丰富多彩的语文世界给掩盖了,只要我们能拉开这层屏障,借助多媒体辅助教学,巧妙导入课文,让学生自主互动地学习,就能让学生“乐在其中”,激发起他们的学习兴趣。     

基于情境兴趣的多媒体教学课件设计

在多媒体辅助教学中,运用情境兴趣的规律,优化多媒体教学课件模板、文本结构与内容、文本呈现方式设计,对于激发和维持学生的课堂学习兴趣,提高教学效果与质量至关重要。多媒体教学课件设计既要通过操作文本结构与内容特征,也要通过操作多媒体模板设计本身来激发和维持学生的课堂学习的情境兴趣,同时要注意克服多媒体教学课件设计中情境兴趣带来的负面影响。     

Context characteristics and their effects on students’ situational interest in chemistry

ABSTRACT

Many studies in science education acknowledge the positive effects of context-based learning on students’ interest and attitudes. However, little is known about the design criteria of contextual situations generating these effects and how facets of students’ situational interest are affected while learning in a contextualised setting. This paper ties in with this initial situation and reports results of two projects analysing the influence of context characteristics on students’ situational interest, referring to contexts as task parameters in the first project and as learning activities in the second. In the first project, everyday related and unique contexts are compared, and the effects of different contextual topics on student learning are investigated. Particularly, regarding the feeling- and value-related valence of situational interest, the results of different studies will be compared and interpreted. The second project investigated structures of interest related to activities along an adapted version of the ‘RIASEC’-model for different content areas and age groups. The chosen contents were embedded in personal as well as societal and professional context settings. Finally, we summarise the relevance of the different models, results and instruments to better understand different notions of interest and outline implications for further studies about teaching that improves student learning.     

学生学习英语兴趣的激发和培养

许多同学对于英语学科感觉难以把握,兴趣不高,成绩提升缓慢,而要解决这一问题,首先要通过课内外丰富多彩的教学手段,激发和培养学生对于该学科的兴趣,还要帮助学生制定恰当的目标,树立学好英语的信心。在主观努力并掌握一定学习方法的基础上,相信对于英语学科的畏惧会大大降低,甚至在成绩提高的同时产生浓厚的兴趣。     

论语言自主学习能力的培养

随着元认知策略研究的兴起,自主学习开始受到广大教育者的关注,学习自主性也被看作是语言学习过程中的先决条件,教学过程中的责任也越来越多地从教师转向学生,教师更多的责任是培养学生的学习自主性.本文论述了学习自主性的概念、特点、以及影响学习自主性的主要因素,并介绍了如何培养学生的自主学习能力的若干策略.     

谈中学语文教学中的情景教学

情景教学在语文教学过程中有得天独厚的优势。在课堂导入阶段采用设置悬念法、介绍背景法和身临其境法等,可以让学生产生一种\"不愤不悱\"的状态。在教学过程中采用角色扮演法、小组比赛法和情景再现法等,可以使学生尽可能地融入课文,从而加深对课文的理解。     

小学数学辅导方法初探

小学数学辅导要从以下几个方面抓起：一基础，二学习兴趣和实践能力，三学生的意志力，四学习方法。     

How do students coordinate context-based information and elements of their own knowledge? An analysis of students’ context-based problem-solving in thermodynamics

ABSTRACT

In science education, context-based learning is mostly based on problem-oriented tasks [Gilbert, J. K. (2006). On the nature of “context” in chemical education. International Journal of Science Education, 28(9), 957–976]. Therefore, a relevant question is, how do students integrate the information given in the task into their problem-solving process? The basic assumption is that there is a transition from the situation described in the task to a science model needed to solve the problem [Mestre, J. (2002). Probing adults’ conceptual understanding and transfer of learning via problem posing. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 23(1), 9–50]. The transition needs to be described by parameters of the situation, the science model and the transition process itself. This investigation focuses on the influence of these three elements on the problem-solving process to understand variations in performance [Bennett, J., Lubben, F., & Hogarth, S. (2007). Bringing science to life: A synthesis of the research evidence on the effects of context-based and STS approaches to science teaching. Science Education, 91(3), 347–370]) and the interaction with interest. Despite the large body of research on the mutual influence of context-based problem-solving and interest, research attempting to examine their interplay regarding performance is still lacking. We conducted a hierarchical regression analysis with 178 participants from German high-track schools to investigate three parameters with regard to their influence on affective variables and successful problem-solving: contextualisation of the situation described in the task; the complexity of the scientific model underlying the task; and transparency, which assesses whether and how the learner can identify this model [Löffler, P., & Kauertz, A. (2015). Modellanwendung in kontextualisierten Problemlöseaufgaben [Applying models in contextualised problem solving tasks]. In S. Bernholt (Ed.), Heterogenität und Diversität - Vielfalt der Voraussetzungen im naturwissenschaftlichen Unterricht (Vol. 35, pp. 648–650). Kiel: IPN; Durik, A., & Harackiewicz, J. (2007). Different strokes for different folks: How individual interest moderates the effects of situational factors on task interest. Journal of Educational Psychology, 99(3), 597–610)]. Our findings suggest that these parameters have different effects on how interest is triggered and maintained. Aspects of transparency exhibit small effects on successful problem-solving processes. The results support the assumption that the transition process is the main aspect of context-based problem-solving and can therefore be operationalised as the use of elements of the scientific model in students’ statements. Surprisingly, the usage of such elements cannot be sufficiently explained by pre-knowledge or cognitive abilities.     

Emergence and maintenance of student teachers' ‘interest’ within the context of two‐hour lectures: an actual genetic perspective

The study investigates the actual genetic development of student teachers' interest in lectures given in a postgraduate language teacher education programme. Students recorded the nature and level of interest at various points of the lecture. The results show that students go through diverse patterns of interest trajectories and that, for the majority, interest development fluctuates between gain and loss. Four types of factors are proposed: triggering, holding, preventing and losing factors. The prospective and retrospective effects of these factors are also examined. For interest to be maintained over a longer period within a two‐hour lecture, students must experience a combination of factors. In case of regression, if students demonstrate awareness of the source or solution to the problem, the loss is temporary, tending to recover at the next interval. Some factors, such as use of tasks and interesting specific topics, also help regenerate interest after a loss of interest has occurred.     

Increasing Situational Interest in the Classroom

This paper explores three ways to increase situational interest in the classroom. Situational interest is defined as temporary interest that arises spontaneously due to environmental factors such as task instructions or an engaging text. We review the history of interest research and summarize recent empirical work. We describe three ways to increase interest based on offering meaningful choices to students, selecting well-organized texts that promote interest, and providing the background knowledge needed to fully understand a topic. We conclude with six specific suggestions for increasing situational interest in the classroom.     

动漫新生入学教育实践活动在高职教育中的作用和意义——以长江职业学院为例

新生初进入大学,要面临一段心理适应期。对于缺乏心理准备的大学新生来说,在这个心理转型与重塑的过程中,可能会产生不同程度的适应困难。动漫设计与制作专业的学生,大多数具有多血质的特点,针对这种情况,学校应当通过教师专题报告、企业资深员工和高年级优秀学生介绍经验等形式,向新生介绍学习方法和专业研究经验,这种教育方法可以称之为入学教育。     

Situational Interest: A Review of the Literature and Directions for Future Research

This paper reviews theoretical and empirical research on situational interest. A distinction is made between situational and personal interest. The former is spontaneous and context-specific, whereas the latter is enduring and context-general. We summarize historical perspectives and recent empirical findings on situational interest. Five emergent themes are identified that focus on relationships among situational interest, information processing, and affective engagement. We also discuss important topics for future research.