论自由软件运动

“信息革命”的发展已超过了技术的范围，正在引发巨大的社会变革，新近崛起的自由软件运动突出的地表现着这一事实。本在尽可能全面地介绍自由软件运动的基础上，简要地评析了它深刻的社会意义。自由软件运动是当代高阶自发的社会解放号角和新里程碑，运动的理想具有共产主义倾向；它是资本主义固有的矛盾冲突在当代信息资本主义时期，在信息技术，电脑网络及智力资源成为重要社会基础的新情势下，更加广泛深刻的反映和表现。本率先揭示这一当代社会变革的重大现象，以引发进一步的关注与研究。     

大学定位研究述评

近年来,大学定位研究十分活跃,总括起来,研究者主要是在大学定位是什么、为什么要给大学定位以及如何给大学定位三个层面进行研究。通过文献的梳理和研究发现,大学定位研究在方法论层面研究多,而在本质论和价值论层面研究少;大学定位研究的目的是探寻高教系统生态链的链接规律;大学定位研究的功能是理性审视实践并提出合理化建议。     

Approaches to abstraction: A commentary

In this commentary on the five preceding papers, we first try to summarize some of the main claims made in each and sort out the tricky terminology of abstraction. We then pick up two threads for special attention, generating new abstractions and symbolic versus nonsymbolic cognition and its relationship to the abstract. We conclude by briefly setting the relationship of language to abstract cognition into the context of the current debate over folk psychology, the so-called “theory of mind”.     

A commentary on the social responsibility of occupational therapy education

As one of the allied health professions, occupational therapy has adopted a primarily clinical focus on human occupation (or the process of daily life) and this is reflected in education, which has until recently tended to overlook contextual social factors such as poverty, marginalisation, exclusion, unemployment, incarceration and immigration. However, daily life is enabled, and potentially dis-abled, along the axes of several cultural and political constructs, such as gender, employment status and ethnicity.

This article presents a critical commentary of the social responsibility of occupational therapy education. Furthermore, it discusses the need for educational practices that can enact an integration of personal and professional perspectives so as to lead to a more holistic understanding of occupation, incorporating not only clinical but also social and political factors.

This article argues for the development of a political approach to occupational therapy education that can lead to an awareness of the cultural influences that they bring to their workplace, and a critical consideration of concepts such as ‘justice’ and ‘occupation’. The development of a political practice of occupational therapy calls for an appreciation of the diversity of human occupation and the circumstances that enable it and can be realised through the establishment of innovative educational partnerships, such as community–university collaborations.     

行政院农村复兴委员会初探

20世纪30年代，我国农业生产处于严重的窘困状态，“救济农村”、“复兴农村”成为当时人们关注的热点。南京国民政府对此很重视，1933年5月成立了农村复兴委员会。从该机构的成立、工作运行及设立意义等可以看出，这一机构的成立虽有一定的政治目的，但客观上对农村经济的复兴有一定的推动作用，尤其是它所组织的一些农村调查及出版的一批作为日后研究中国农村经济留下了颇有价值的历史资料。     

The political diseconomy of educational expenditure: A commentary on Tilak

The subject of this commentary is an article entitled ‘The political economy of investment in education in South Asia’ (International Journal of Educational Development 4, 155–166). It is considered that the article raises important issues about the rationality, and political distortion, of educational expenditure in developing countries, but that the methods of analysis and type of data used do not effectively support the conclusions reached. It is argued that, to improve our understanding of the political factors affecting the relative size and quality of the various levels of education, a different type of research is needed.     

行政院农村复兴委员会初探

20世纪30年代,我国农业生产处于严重的窘困状态,"救济农村"、"复兴农村"成为当时人们关注的热点.南京国民政府对此很重视,1933年5月成立了农村复兴委员会.从该机构的成立、工作运行及设立意义等可以看出,这一机构的成立虽有一定的政治目的,但客观上对农村经济的复兴有一定的推动作用,尤其是它所组织的一些农村调查及出版的一批著作为日后研究中国农村经济留下了颇有价值的历史资料.     

Scholar commentary

ABSTRACT

This commentary reflects upon the articles and purposes of this special issue, in the context of, growing numbers of students of color (SOCs) in K-12 schools who continue to be modally placed in classrooms with White teachers (e.g., Berry and Pour-Khorshid papers of this issue). Few institutional programs of Teacher Education seem able to effectually address this longstanding demographic challenge (e.g., Whitaker, et al. paper). Fewer still, impactfully retain SOCs for careers in K-12 settings (e.g., Morales paper). Nevertheless, second wave teacher identity studies are encouraging nuanced professional learning for White and other, K-12, candidates and teachers that encourages: critical consciousness about race and whiteness, metalogic talk about colorblindness, and closing the gap between rhetoric and genuinely antiracist actions in praxis with SOCs (e.g., Alvarez & Milner; Caldas; McManimon & Casey papers. Demonstrably, second-wave analyses are revealing much about evidentiary approaches for teacher education/learning that emphasize differential capacities for teaching SOCs. Nonetheless, further research is needed on strategies for addressing formidable challenges, such as those of defensiveness and White Fragility (e.g., Blaisedell paper). The papers of this special issue indicate that combining such research with ground-breaking approaches to race-visible education offers a promising path to the knowledge and praxis needed.     

在职培训经典研究文献评述——基于在职培训研究视角、方法与发现的评述

本文对在职培训的相关经典研究文献从研究视角、方法与发现等层面作简要的回顾与评述。具体从以下三个方面展开:①在职培训的成本与收益;②在职培训参与的影响因素;③在职培训与正规学校教育的关系。本文回顾与评述的文献以国外研究尤其是经典研究为主。