物理学理论的大综合

循着物理学及其它自然科学产生、发展的足迹 ,概括物理学理论的几次大综合 ,论述物理学理论高度综合的必然趋势     

物理学理论的大综合

循着物理学及其它自然科学产生、发展的足迹，概括物理学理论的几次大综合，论述物理学理论高度综合的必然趋势。     

物理学史上的四次大综合

物理学史上四次大综合，每次综合的实现都使物理学理论前进一大步。     

物理学史在物理教学中的作用

物理学史和物理学知识是物理学的重要组成内容,物理教学中加强物理学史的教学,有助于科学素质和人文 素质的提高。为此重点阐述了物理学史在培养学生综合素质方面的作用,并指出物理学史在教学中应注意的问 题。     

物理学史教育对物理教学的影响

物理学史是研究物理学发展的学科,它是物理科学体系中重要的组成部分。物理学史教育是通过传授物理学史方面的知识,培养学生科学意识、科学精神及科学方法等多方面品质的过程。物理学史教育是物理教学中不可缺少的组成部分,尤其在当前大力推进素质教育,进而对发展中学生综合素质提出了更高的要求,物理学史的教育功能则更加明显。但是由于缺乏物理学史教育的研究,妨碍了它在发展学生综合素质方面的作用,影响了物理教学质量的提高。     

物理教学中开展研究性学习的现状、困难与对策研究

物理学研究性学习要反映物理学的思维特征、发展规律,使学生学会用物理学科学综合分析的方法,多角度、多层面、辩证地发现、分析、解决实际问题,既丰富完善物理学知识体系与知识结构,推动物理学发展,又赋予物理学科教学以活力。     

试论开放物理实验平台对物理学教学的影响

文章阐述了创建物理学开放实验平台对物理学教学的影响,说明了开放物理学实验平台,让学生进行自我设计性实验,有利于调动学生的学习积极性,培养学生自主学习的意识和创新能力,提高学生的科研综合素质.     

高中物理教科书中物理学史内容融入的思考——以人教版为例

物理学史是物理课程内容的重要组成内容,物理教育中融入物理学史是培养中学生科学素养的重要途径。教科书作为实现课程目标的重要内容载体,应从物理学史素材的选择、编写及呈现形式等方面综合考虑物理学史的融入,为教学过程提供资源和引导,以便充分发挥物理学史的教育功能。     

从物理学方法论看物理学的发展

从物理学方法论的角度对物理学的发展作了回顾和考察,由此得出二点有益的启示:无论在牛顿力学、统计物理还是在量子力学中,决定性描述和概率性描述二者并存;物理学可能面临着第三次大综合.     

求解物理学多过程综合计算题的思维方法和数学手段

针对物理学多过程综合计算题的基本特征,以分析法和综合法为基本思维方法,通过在已知量、未知量和所求量之间建立目标方程、各级追踪方程以及终级方程的数学手段,有效解决此类问题.说明求解物理学多过程综合计算题是有章可循的.     

The relationship of freshmen's physics achievement and their related affective characteristics

The purpose of this study was to determine the best‐fitting structural equation model between the freshmen's physics achievement and selected affective characteristics related to physics. These characteristics are students' situational interest in physics, personal interest in physics, aspiring extra activities related to physics, importance of physics, importance of electricity, physics course anxiety, physics test anxiety, physics achievement motivation, student motivation in physics, self‐efficacy in physics, self‐concept in physics, and locus of control. The researchers developed the affective characteristics questionnaire that consisted of 12 subdimensions, and has 53 items related to these subdimensions. The questionnaire was applied to 890 freshmen physics students at the universities in Ankara. Two models were tested: a unidimensional model and a multidimensional model. However, a third model, which is more similar to the multidimensional model, exhibited the best fit for the freshmen. Moreover, the results revealed that achievement motivation was the most influential affective characteristic on physics achievement. On the other hand, motivation in physics had a negative influence on physics achievement in the model, and the influence of the students' attitudes towards physics was not statistically significant. Thus, one should especially pay attention to the students' achievement motivation in physics if the aim is to increase students' physics achievement. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 44: 1036–1056, 2007     

Changing the Metacognitive Orientation of a Classroom Environment to Stimulate Metacognitive Reflection Regarding the Nature of Physics Learning

Problems persist with physics learning in relation to students' understanding and use of representations for making sense of physics concepts. Further, students' views of physics learning and their physics learning processes have been predominantly found to reflect a ‘surface’ approach to learning that focuses on mathematical aspects of physics learning that are often passed on via textbooks and lecture-style teaching. This paper reports on a teacher's effort to stimulate students' metacognitive reflection regarding their views of physics learning and their physics learning processes via a pedagogical change that incorporated the use of a representational framework and metaphors. As a consequence of the teacher's pedagogical change, students metacognitively reflected on their views of physics and their learning processes and some reported changes in their views of what it meant to understand physics and how they might learn and understand physics concepts. The findings provide a basis for further explicit teaching of representational frameworks to students in physics education as a potential means of addressing issues with their physics learning.     

What Sort of Girl Wants to Study Physics After the Age of 16? Findings from a Large-scale UK Survey

This paper investigates the characteristics of 15-year-old girls who express an intention to study physics post-16. This paper unpacks issues around within-girl group differences and similarities between boys and girls in survey responses about physics. The analysis is based on the year 10 (age 15 years) responses of 5,034 students from 137 UK schools as learners of physics during the academic year 2008–2009. A comparison between boys and girls indicates the pervasiveness of gender issues, with boys more likely to respond positively towards physics-specific constructs than girls. The analysis also indicates that girls and boys who expressed intentions to participate in physics post-16 gave similar responses towards their physics teachers and physics lessons and had comparable physics extrinsic motivation. Girls (regardless of their intention to participate in physics) were less likely than boys to be encouraged to study physics post-16 by teachers, family and friends. Despite this, there were a subset of girls still intending to study physics post-16. The crucial differences between the girls who intended to study physics post-16 and those who did not is that girls who intend to study physics post-16 had higher physics extrinsic motivation, more positive perceptions of physics teachers and lessons, greater competitiveness and a tendency to be less extrovert. This strongly suggests that higher extrinsic motivation in physics could be the crucial underlying key that encourages a subset of girls (as well as boys) in wanting to pursue physics post-16.     

Methods of Interpreting Results in the Cleveland Arithmetic Tests

ABSTRACT

The authors explored how gender and socioeconomic status (SES) predicted physics achievement as mediated by metacognition and physics self-efficacy. Data were collected from 338 high school students. The model designed for exploring how gender and SES-related differences in physics achievement were explained through metacognition and physics self-efficacy was tested. The result showed that metacognition and physics self-efficacy could explain gender- and SES-related differences in physics achievement. In addition, it was observed that physics self-efficacy mediated the relation of metacognition to physics achievement whereas metacognition did not. This finding means that metacognition contributed to physics achievement through physics self-efficacy.     

Factors Influencing Singapore Students' Choice of Physics as a Tertiary Field of Study: A Rasch analysis

Asian students often perform well in international science and mathematics assessments. Their attitude toward technical subjects, such as physics, remains curious for many. The present study examines Singapore school students' views on various aspects of physics according to whether they intend to choose physics as an advanced field of study. A sample of 1076 physics students, from 16 secondary schools and junior colleges, participated in this study. The students were categorized as physics choosers or non-choosers according to their indicated intention, as sought in the survey, to study or not to study physics as a major subject at university after their leaving level examinations. Rasch-anchored analysis was employed to interpret the results; the use of Rasch analysis has helped to overcome significantly the psychometric limitations inherent in the treatment of Likert scale type of data using traditional analysis. As expected, the image of physics as a difficult subject surfaced in the samples used in our study. The students recognized unequivocally the utilitarian value of physics: physics is said to enhance career options and is necessary for technological progress to occur in a country. They also showed high interest in school physics—this is so even for students who are not keen to study physics in the future, a finding which is at variance with other studies reported from Western countries. School physics is seen to be relevant, and physics teachers are viewed as being able to foster students' interest in physics. Laboratory work, enrichment activities, and physics textbooks were reported to be important in order to encourage students to like physics. Though the physics choosers showed greater intention in physics, they were generally not inclined to pursue physics-related careers after graduation. Parents and peers at school, on the other hand, are perceived to display unenthusiastic attitudes toward physics. Possible reasons for these are discussed along with the implications of the study.     

物理课程的文化学：缘起、价值与路向

物理课程文化学是与物理学、文化学、课程论相关联的特殊文化形态,它的研究可将物理学史、物理课程标准、物理教材、物理课堂教学等研究融为一体,然而＂物理课程的文化学研究＂尚未引起学界的足够重视。因此,有必要对＂物理课程文化学研究＂的缘起、价值、路向进行深入分析。     

如何运用多媒体辅助物理教学

阐述了利用计算机物理课件能优化物理课堂的教学结构,利用计算机辅助物理实验教学,能培养学生的科学思维方法和创新能力。提出计算机多媒体辅助物理教学可激发学生学习物理的主动性和积极性,提升物理课堂教学容量,加大教学密度,突破教学难点,突出重点,优化物理教学过程,以便取得良好的教学效果。     

大学力学概念图的制作

文章首先介绍了一般概念图的六个组成成分:概念、分支、水平层次、同一分支下概念间的连接线和连接语、不同分支下概念间的连接线和连接语、例子;在此基础上,介绍了制作大学力学概念图时对一般概念图所进行的改进措施,而后以大学力学知识概念图实例为基础,总结了制作大学力学概念图的具体步骤;文章以多个大学力学概念图制作的范例为依据,论证了制作大学力学概念图应该遵循的原则.     

物理教师主体性的缺失与建构

物理教师的主体性是一种优秀的教学品质。针对当前物理教学的实际问题,分别从社会、学校制度和教师自身素质等层面,对物理教师主体性的缺失进行归因。力倡以物理课程改革为契机,在对物理学进行文化阐释和价值开发的过程中,为教师文化提供合理应有的支持,使物理教师的主体性得以展现。     

如何运用多媒体辅助物理教学

阐述了利用计算机物理课件能优化物理课堂的教学结构,利用计算机辅助物理实验教学,能培养学生的科学思维方法和创新能力.提出计算机多媒体辅助物理教学可激发学生学习物理的主动性和积极性,提升物理课堂教学容量,加大教学密度,突破教学难点,突出重点,优化物理教学过程,以便取得良好的教学效果.