The Ways of the Alphabet Technology Serve to Alter the Societies and Humans

In the age of rapid technological change in human society,incessant technologies appear and play vital roles in civilization and the development of society.Among these effective technologies,the alphabet technology is one of the seminal ideas which is more than a writing system,but also a system for organizing information.This paper attempts to analyze the ways that the alphabet technology serves to alter the societies and the long-term impacts of it.     

Integrating privacy studies into teacher education curricula

Abstract

Privacy studies may be seen by some teacher educators as being ‘anti-technology’ in their character, with the potential to dim the enthusiasm of future teachers for new technological initiatives. However, privacy is taking on new significance in an age of the Internet and advanced information technologies, as the examples and sources outlined in this article demonstrate. Privacy issues have a strong influence on various pressing international political and economic concerns, and thus add important dimensions to curricula. Some technological developments (such as encryption) also provide hands-on dimensions to privacy topics that are likely to whet the interests of many students. Teacher educators can work to introduce privacy notions to future teachers in ways that will enhance both their information technology studies and their understanding of other curricular areas (including citizenship, business, and social studies). As described in this article, privacy exercises, scenarios, and hands-on laboratory sessions were provided in several teacher education courses in the United States. What teacher educators do in relation to privacy studies will help determine the future character of discourse and the direction of technological development pertaining to privacy.     

技术可能世界及其哲学思考

技术可能世界即技术发展的未来世界,是技术现实世界中所蕴含的多种可能技术的社会整合。逻辑蕴含意义上、信息技术基础上以及生物技术基础上的技术可能世界,是三种基本类型的技术可能世界。技术可能世界的发展意味着,还原论与特创论不存在绝对的对立,虚拟技术打开了主体认知机制的窗口,世界是观察者自己的世界,技术高于科学,应该把对技术的规划与研究放在重要的战略地位。     

Innovations in creative education for tertiary sector in Australia: present and future challenges

Abstract

Recent significant changes in technology such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and big data analysis have a wide impact in many areas of human societies, not least in education. Advances in efficiency of new technologies, with impacts in renewable energy and transport affected by environmental concerns and climate change mitigation, demand a reassessment and adjustment of the industrial structure of the economy. Technological advances enhancing creativity and analytical skills mean people must learn and adapt to a fast-changing economic environment. This paper present some key changes in Australian educational areas in recent years that are important and relevant to the subject of education innovation and philosophy to achieve outcomes in training and sustainable economic development, as anticipated by the community and government. Education courses and curricula in many countries have been transformed by technological advance. It is the swift incorporation of new technologies that best prepares students for the dynamics of economic and social change. Even though technological responsiveness is not a new phenomenon, it is established that the teaching methods found to be most successful include complementary and supplemental courses producing multi-skilled and creative graduates. These courses are delivered with significant emphasis upon self-development skills and are less focused upon traditional content. A move toward horizontal focus and a student-centric balance is the current trend, displacing vertical over-specialisation of learning. Yet, the central role of educator is seen as still appropriate and necessary where the aim is to equip graduates with creative and adaptive skills.     

Distance Education

Abstract

Social work educators are increasingly using advanced information technologies in their distance education programs. Despite the widespread use of distance learning in social work education, there is limited information available regarding the effectiveness of courses, particularly practice courses, that use these technologies or the experiences of the students and instructors who are helping to pioneer these technological initiatives. This article presents reflections from students from two MSW practice classes linked together through interactive TV, also known as compressed video. The authors, who were course instructors using this technology, present their reflections on the process and make recommendations for future distance learning courses.     

Ysgolion Cymraeg

The pace of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) development necessitates radical and rapid change for education. Given the English prevalence for an economically determinist orientation for educational outcomes, it seems pertinent to ask how learning in relation to ICT is to be conceptualised. Accepting the view that education needs to both transform and be transforming, simple input-output methods by which professionals might judge the veracity of learning–teaching moments need to be challenged. Considering new technologies, it could be said that proponents of input-output rhetoric suggest that the acquisition of technologically oriented skills and behaviours is an educational end in itself. In contrast, others adopt the position that technological advances are important for what they have to offer as means to transform the learner. This paper considers this dualism and proposes that new technologies offer exciting ways to understand and repopulate professional discourse on learning and teaching.     

New educational technologies: Their impact on relationships of dependence and interdependence for Third World countries

The widening gap between North and South is more than economic: it is a knowledge and power gap. The influence of the present information revolution on education in the West, unprecedented in its rate and scope of expansion, is increasing the information gap at an alarming rate. Should Third World countries use new educational technologies (NET) as a tool for development? Can they afford it? Will borrowing NET perpetuate the present dependency of the Third World? This paper argues that Third World countries will continue to be technologically dependent because of research and development in the West. The solution lies in the balance of power theory — selective transfer of NET appropriate for their level of development, to strengthen their bargaining position. Mass education and the development of indigenous technological capacity are implied. Bargaining capacity would reduce dependency, create greater interdependence and change the equation of power.     

Context and user needs in virtual learning in pursuit of qualities of learning

Learning is integral in the present dynamic environment characterized by factors, such as intense technological innovation and global economy. Thus, learning is constantly required as, for example, rapid development of technologies is both a push factor in learning requirements and a vehicle to advance the learning process. The global nature of the environment today calls for virtual learning because of convenience, time and cost factors. This research seeks to draw measures to promote virtual learning experience. The research is based on a virtual learning of a master’s level information and communication technology for development (ICT4D) course at the University of Tampere in 2016. This course was offered two times and to two sets of different student groups. A questionnaire was conducted at the mid-course stage to assess the virtual learning experience and propose the ways to improve learning process. The assessment included how well the virtual environment and pedagogy promoted qualities of learning, these are, active, constructive, collaborative, intentional, contextual, transfer and reflective learning. Excellence in learning should always be promoted and in virtual environment, there is always new opportunities because of the advances in technology. This research seeks to promote qualities of learning by considering context in terms of assessing the learning environment that is, participants’ virtual learning experience, study contents and learning technologies. Context is important in order to map the learning process that suits the learners and study contents. The results of this study include highlighting of pedagogical techniques and technological tools that fit the learners’ and study content requirements to foster learning in a virtual environment.     

Technology and science education: Starting points,research programs,and trends

Over the past 25 years, information and communication technologies have had a convoluted but ultimately advantageous impact on science teaching and learning. To highlight the past, present, and future of technology in science education, this paper explores the trajectories in five areas: science texts and lectures; science discussions and collaboration; data collection and representation; science visualization; and science simulation and modeling. These trajectories reflect two overall trends in technological advance. First, designers have tailored general tools to specific disciplines, offering users features specific to the topic or task. For example, developers target visualization tools to molecules, crystals, earth structures, or chemical reactions. Second, new technologies generally support user customization, enabling individuals to personalize their modeling tool, Internet portal, or discussion board. In science education, designers have tailored instructional resources based on advances in understanding of the learner. More recently, designers have created ways for teachers and students to customize learning tools to specific courses, geological formations, interests, or learning preferences.     

L'lnformation au Coeur des Formations d'Ingenieur

The technological revolution and the accelerated changes that me observe in the world imply the acquisition of new knowledge, of new know-how and, therefore a new approach to education. Education must take up this challenge and engineering schools are the first to become involved, because they bear the responsibility of the formation of future managers and engineers. The volume of information, its increasing influence, the diversity of modern technologies used in its elaboration and in improvement of its circulation heighten the importance that information shall have in the formation of every scientist in the future. Education provided in this field is now generally limited to training in the use of information retrieval technologies. In order to allow the mastering of available resources by students, a more global approach to information as an integral part of the working methods acquired in specialty courses is required. This integration is one of the main characteristics of a concerted action, backed by French authorities since 1980, in order to develop information in French Grandes Ecoles education. This experiment leads us to observe the advantages offered by teaching the mastering of information. For students already accustomed to microcomputers and new communication technologies, modem methods of information retrieval are an efficient support in creating awareness of the capital importance that information and communication will play in their future activity.     

Changing Assessment — Towards a New Assessment Paradigm Using ICT

This article discusses how Information and Communication Technologies can support 21st century assessment strategies and what needs to be done to ensure that technological advances support and foster pedagogical innovation. Based on an extensive review of the literature, it provides an overview of current ICT-enabled assessment practices, with a particular focus on the more recent developments of ICT-enhanced assessment tools that recognise 21st century skills. The article also refers to relevant cases of eAssessment, looks into examples of the potential of emerging technologies for eAssessment and discusses some relevant innovation and policy issues. Reflecting on these examples, it argues that, although technological challenges exist, the more pressing task at present is to transcend the traditional testing paradigm and conceptually develop (e)Assessment strategies that allow to more fully exploit the benefits of emerging technologies in order to foster the development of 21^st century skills.     

Curriculum Development and New Information Technology

ABSTRACT

Many reports of achievements in developments in new information technology in schools lament the, as yet, unfulfilled hopes that they will radically change education. Those involved in new information technology sometimes seem to imagine that the problems of change that they face are somehow unique and have not been faced by others who have set out to change the curriculum.[l] I shall argue that the view of curriculum change employed by many policy makers and by some of those charged with implementing policy is inadequate.[2] While some acknowledge the need to change attitudes and practices in schools, national programmes have often failed even to include teacher training elements, and few have addressed the school as a focus of change, although the classroom has been addressed. My argument is that a better awareness of the common issues of curriculum change may make individual changes such as envisaged by the advocates of new information technology more effective, or at least less painful! Further I urge for a focus on the school, rather than individual classrooms, for both support and research efforts.

In a previous paper I traced the development of technology education in general (McCormick, 1991), this being a curriculum area that has some overlap with information technology. There are parallels to be drawn with this case of development, indeed there is direct overlap, and I will seek to illustrate this. In arguing for a more sophisticated view of curriculum change I will not be suggesting easy policy or programme changes, nor seeking to explain the lack of impact of new information technology, rather I hope to encourage (as I said above) an emphasis on the school and new directions for research. To facilitate my argument I start with a consideration of curriculum change in general, as it relates to national education systems, then consider the case of curriculum change in technology education, and then give an overview of development strategies in the new information technologies.[3] I then apply the evidence from these three sections to the fourth when I deal with curriculum change in the new information technologies, and end the paper by considering the implications for curriculum development in the new information technologies.     

社会信息学：教育技术研究新思考

社会信息学质疑技术决定论,主张重视环境对技术的影响,以及应理性看待信息技术在环境（教学）中的应用价值.它启示教育技术研究者应重视环境对技术的促进作用,将环境和技术看成一个系统——社会技术系统,并从整体上考虑,科学地进行技术应用,促进教育技术合理应用,最大程度地发挥教育技术的教学应用价值.     

Students and society in the 2020s. Three future ‘histories’ of education and technology

ABSTRACT

As social science fiction, this paper imagines three possible futures for education and technology. Among the most important technologies emerging today are data-aggregating technologies such as AI, affective computing, adaptive or predictive software, clouds and platforms. The paper is not, however, directed at specific technologies, but at indeterminate sociotechnical configurations. Set in 2040, it offers three ‘histories’ of the 2020s. Might students become (i) ‘smooth users’, improving themselves in the pursuit of frictionless efficiency within a post-democratic frame created by large corporations, (ii) ‘digital nomads’, seeking freedom, individualism and aesthetic joy as solopreneurs exploiting state regulations and algorithmic rules while stepping out of the state and deeply into the capitalist new economy, or (iii) participatory, democratic, ecological humans embedded in ‘collective agency’ that see institutions as spaces for exploring more equitable ways of living? The paper reflects on the future research and the political, educational and technological decisions which would make each of these three fictional future histories more or less likely.     

以人才培养目标为导向的Oracle数据库差异化教学实践

信息技术的快速发展,催生了各种基于互联网的应用技术,促使技术革新的频率不断加快,从而导致了大数据和人工智能及其他相关技术的快速发展。数据库技术作为各种应用技术的支撑,对数据库相关技术人才的培养是社会发展的需要。本文主要探讨在当今信息技术革新的大环境下,以人才培养目标为导向,如何进行Oracle数据库课程的差异化教学改革与实践。     

Distance education and the impact of technology in Europe and Japan

Conclusion Imagine the possibilities of distance education in our future, even the near future. The pace of technological development allows for increased personal interaction between people at great distances. This is the essence of distance education: to be able to take part in an instructional activity without regard to time or distance. The potential for the Internet and other developing technologies is impossible to forecast accurately. Who would have guessed 20 years ago today's technological advances that allow us to expand our opportunities to learn, and to enjoy an improved lifestyle. This is an eventful time in the world's history, with much to look forward to. However, less developed countries may not share this positive outlook. If distance education is to spread around the globe, beyond the economic wealth of Europe, Japan and the United States, we have to consider the particular needs of countries with lesser means. This may mean not using the highest or latest technology available. The communications micracle brought about by the Internet facilitates the sharing of the haves with the have-nots. It is well known that the gap is widening between the richest and poorest countries. Ironically, the very technology that is part of widening this gap can also be used to close it. Ken Albrechtsen completed his master's degree in Instructional Technology at Utah State University and currently is with Parker Aerospace, Ogden, UT. She works for the Center for Persons with Disabilities. Chad Parker is seeking his master's degree in Instructional Technology at Utah State University and is a program manager for the off-campus Educational Technology program.     

Advancing autism technology

The purpose of this review is to broadly identify technological advances in supports and evaluation for individuals on the autism spectrum. Literature review with commentary on the evolving technologies supporting and/or evaluating social-emotional, behavioral, academic, and cognitive domains. There has been an increasing synthesis of technology within the education domain. A growing body of research has investigated the potentiality and efficacy of technological interventions, specifically in the area of support for individuals on the autism spectrum. This growth must also factor in sustainability and feasibility to be practical within the school setting. Continued research is also necessary to ensure the equity of technology supporting individuals on the autism spectrum.     

Influencing the Future Through Innovations in Environmental Engineering Education

Global scenarios for the next 30 years indicate increasing population, greater demand for higher standards of living, and more consumption, leading to increased air, water and land pollution; climatic change; and the depletion of and competition for natural resources. To avoid global catastrophes and conflicts, sustainable systems are required that integrate cultural and technological change. Engineers and technologists have a key role not only in developing sustainable technologies but also in promoting the cultural changes needed. High quality environmental education and training is essential if engineering professionals are to become pro-active rather than reactive, to influence the future. This paper describes examples of innovative educational and training systems, partnerships and networks with regional, national and international objectives.     

Schooling the Mobile Generation: The future for schools in the mobile-networked society

Mobile technologies such as palmtop computers and mobile telephones represent a new breed of technological innovation--offering easier and quicker access to information and communication on an 'anytime, anywhere' basis. These networks are seen to lead to temporal and spatial re-definitions of young people's lives, with notions of time and space centred around the individual rather than shared societal norms or expectations. Such changes are now prompting some educationalists to predict that mobile technologies will radically change students, and therefore the nature of schools and schooling. Set against a lack of considered academic debate, the present paper offers a detailed consideration of the theoretical and practical implications of mobile technologies such as phones and handheld computers on schools and schooling by contrasting the 'fixed' nature of schools against 'mobile' technologies' freeing up of the key symbolic forms of power of information and communication. After considering the strengths and limitations of both these viewpoints, this paper then outlines a framework for future research and discussion in this area.