“插嘴”——让课堂生态和谐

新课程实施以来,我们的课堂灵动了,自主、合作让课堂焕发出生命活力,也带来了一些忧虑:学生开始浮躁了,插嘴现象也日趋明显。于是,许多老师对课堂上"学生插嘴"现象逐渐反省起来,认为:学生上课插嘴是不良行为,随意插嘴不仅会扰乱课堂秩序,而且会影响教师的教学程序。     

浅谈初中数学的课堂教学

在新课程改革的背景下,笔者结合教学实践,浅述了在课堂教学中应该如何再现生活中的数学问题,如何创设学习氛围,使数学具有趣味性,让学生学会合作,增强动手能力,让课堂充满了生机与活力。     

新课程下的小学语文教学浅析

在新课程改革理念下,语文教学应为学生们提供一个温馨、和谐的人文环境,激发起孩子们的情感渴望,点燃起孩子们的心灵火花。让语文成为学生们在学习语文的过程中体验到学习的乐趣。做为小学语文教师,要建立全新的课堂理念;规范使用教学语言;加强教学扩展活动,达到激活小学语文教学课堂的目的。     

以生为本引领高效课堂

"以人为本,把课堂上老师的教转化为学生的学"是当今课堂的趋势。传统教学中,老师只是一味地讲解,有时甚至"满堂灌",中间不做任何与学生的互动,没有一点学生自己想象的空间,让原本枯燥的数学知识变得更加难以调动学生学习的积极性,全面改革迫在眉睫。随着高效课堂的推进,作为一线老师应重新转变角色,备好导学案,活跃课堂气氛、改进传统教法、引导学生自主、探究、合作学习。     

信息教学高效课堂初探

这是一篇由教学案例引发的思考,新课程教学理念强调以人为本,要求以学生为中心,关注个体,促进每一个学生的全面发展。新课程的课程目标强调知识与技能、过程与方法、情感态度与价值观“三维”目标的达成,新课程教育的实施对教师提出了新的挑战。在全新教学理念的引领下,高中信息技术老师如何根据学生特点与教材需求,将学科知识与项目活动进行深度融合,从而让学生在学习知识、掌握技能的同时,逐步学会学习、学会探索、学会创新。构建高效课堂,这对新课程改革进一步发展有着极其重要的意义。本文旨在新课程理念的指引之下,将项目化学习融入信息学科教学,探讨如何构建信息教学高效课堂。     

让阳光自由洒落——浅谈小学数学教学中的“闲暇教育”

新课程标准积极倡导自主、合作、探究的学习方式,培养学生自主、合作、探究的学习能力。闲暇学习能够给学生自主构建的机会,能够激发学生的创造力,提高学习效率,培养学生的自主学习能力。将这种＂闲暇意识＂渗透到数学课中,一定会给数学课堂带来前所未有的改变,必将改变老师的教学观,也改变课堂那种程序化、神圣化的教学方式,还课堂一个自由、轻松、活跃的氛围,也必定能改变学生的精神状态,让学生高效轻松地学习,还学生以精神自由,还数学和数学课堂以常态。     

“生成”的课堂才是好课堂

什么样的课堂才是一个好课堂？把课堂还给学生,让课堂充满生命的活力,是新课程改革的教育理念。本文认为关键是老师在上课时不要抱有一切尽在掌握之中的想法。课堂应是师生互动、心灵对话的舞台,应是师生舒展灵性的空间,应是师生共同创造奇迹、探索世界的窗口。     

浅谈小班化教学模式下英语分层教学

随着小班化课堂的逐渐推广,分层合作教学在英语教学中的作用也越来越重要。它让更多的学生接受到了公平的教育,真正使“面向全体,让不同类型,不同层次学生都得到全面发展”的新课程理念得以深化与体现。它有利于师生之间的互动,是新课程理念对课堂教学的要求,互动中学生在教师的指导下,达到自动、合作、探究性的学习,学生有更多的机会与教师交流、沟通,参与课堂活动。     

浅议如何转换高中政治教学中的师生角色

面对普通高中政治教育发展史上空前、彻底的课程调整和改革,在校政治老师一方面积极投入到新课程改革的实践中,另一方面又感到十分的困惑和迷茫;在我们的多次教研活动中都在探讨这一问题,如何把课堂教给学生,如何发挥学生的主体作用和老师的引导作用;如何担当好新课改的扮演者和课堂教学的组织者,许多老师感到困惑的是他们把课堂交给学生,新课改强调充分发挥主体性,让学生成为课堂教学的主体;于是他们把课堂交给学生,让尽显自己的本事,结果吵吵嚷嚷的、谈一些摸不着边际的内容,很快一节课时间完了,这样不仅达不到预期目标,而且教学任务也无法完不。最后使得许多老师由不得不把课堂的主动权收了回来;为此我认为我们许多老师还没有真正地理解新课改的精髓。     

自主合作学习让生物课堂灵动起来

新课程改革要求教师大力改革课堂,追求高效课堂,但是实际教学中却存在“教师教得辛苦,学生学得很累,教学效果事倍功半”的现象。建构主义认为：“学习不应该被看成是对教师授予知识的被动接受,而是学习者以自身已有的知识和经验为基础主动的建构活动。”根据这一理论,学生自主合作学习是一种富有成效的教学方式和学习策略。通过自主学习、合作探究、展示交流、自我完善等环节,营造出浓厚的自主合作学习氛围,构建自主合作学习型课堂,让课堂灵动起来,使学生在自主、探究、合作的课堂中快乐地成长。笔者以“细胞呼吸的过程”这节课为例,介绍了自主合作学习在生物教学中的具体实践。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

To serve and promote science development via innovation

CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

Tracing the origin and early radiation of birds——Paleornithologist ZHOU Zhonghe

With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse, and Culture in the Information Society 1

The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests.