论杜威经验课程理论及其现代启示

作为进步教育的倡导者和实践者,杜威的教育思想对世界教育产生了重大的影响,特别是经验课程理论始终贯穿在其教育思想中,从教育的本质、目的到方法无处不见“经验”概念的影子。杜威的经验课程理论对我国当前的基础教育课程改革具有一定的启示。     

Notes on Contributors

^{1 1} This article provides a detailed reconstruction of the processes leading to the formation of the widely influential Birmingham Agreed Syllabus of Religious Instruction (1975). This is contextualised within one of the most significant periods in the history of race relations in the United Kingdom. The authors discuss how this syllabus, and other landmark reforms in religious education (RE) in English schools from the late 1960s, responded to ethnic diversity by promoting supposedly culturally pluralist, multi-faith approaches to RE, which were subsequently perceived as eroding the Christian foundations of British/English national identity. They argue that the vilification of these curriculum reforms by culturally conservative critics was in fact based on an erroneous assessment of the extent to which these renounced the Christian hegemony of RE. They also critique the assumption that the religious clauses of the 1988 Education Reform Act represented a simple transition from culturally pluralist to assimilationist policies for the subject.     

Notes on Contributors

In this paper, one policy response to the problem of classed school choice experiences in England is examined. ‘Choice Advisers’ are employed by government to provide advice and information to working class and disadvantaged parents with the aim of ‘empowering’ them to exercise school choice and aspire to ‘better’ schools for their children. However, Advisers have been subjectified by contradictions inherent in policy, expected to solve the problems of school choice in a context of significant structural limits to choice for working-class parents. Interviews with choice Advisers show that difficulties of the job in addition to insecure working conditions within local authorities have led to depoliticised, contradictory advice and Advisers bearing the brunt of policy both in terms of overwork and the venting of parental frustrations. Agency, both for parents and for Advisers themselves, is described as being something possessed by individuals rather than collectives, so there is little sense overall that underlying inequalities within the education system might be challenged.     

“学生中心课程论”与教师——杜威课程思想中的教师观

杜威在其课程思想中对儿童、社会、学科知识三个因素,相互作用、动态统一的关系上进行了系统的研究,并指出教师在这个过程中具有不可忽视的作用。但从历史实践的角度来看,杜威对教师的要求与美国当时教师的素质现状有较大的距离,它直接影响着教育改革的成效,这也是我们今天的课程改革应该深入研究的问题。     

Notes on Contributors

Tertiary Education and Management -