简析银杏研究的相关进展

银杏(Ginkgo biloba L.),为银杏科,属落叶乔木。银杏叶、种子、根、树皮、木材都可以开发成药品、食品、保健品、化妆品等,特别是银杏叶提取物及其制剂在治疗心脑血管疾病和老年痴呆症等方面有独特的疗效,是国内外研究人员研究开发的热点。本文利用科学引文索引(Science Citation Index Ex-panded,SCI-E)和德温特专利索引(Derwent Innovation Index,DII)及Innography为数据源,采用ThomsonData Analyzer(TDA)分析软件对银杏研究领域发表的文献和专利进行分析,简要阐述了近年来国际上对于银杏的研究开发情况。     

基于专利情报分析的中国数控机床产业研究

以德温特创新索引专利平台(Derwent Innovation Index,DII)收录的1963-2009年数控机床产业专利为研究对象,借助专利情报分析方法,对我国数控机床产业专利信息进行分析.通过对比日本、美国和德国的专利信息情况,分别从专利整体产出情况、重点研发技术领域和研发机构专利布局等角度揭示出我国数控产业的发展变化,为全面掌握数控产业技术创新动向与创新发展提供可靠的参考依据.     

利用德温特创新索引数据库分析研究行业专利

利用德温特创新索引数据库(Derwent Innovations Index,缩写为DII),通过对太阳能电池相关专利进行统计分析,发现太阳能电池行业的领跑者、技术的领军人物、产业发展前景、研发热点等.研究利用DlI数据库进行行业专利分析的方法.     

颠覆性技术的演化轨迹及早期识别——以智能手机等技术为例

本文基于技术轨道理论和德温特创新专利引文索引(Derwent Innovation Index,DII)数据库,利用Python编程语言获取专利引用数据,以智能手机技术颠覆传统手机技术等为例,分析了专利量、专利引用量和专利引用率等随时间变化的JΛL型曲线,从而揭示了颠覆性技术的演化轨道,建立了颠覆性技术演化的分析框架,并提出了"专利影响因子"这一计量指标,提高了对颠覆性技术进行早期识别的准确性,以期为相关研究者提供有益的启示。     

入侵植物互花米草防治：理念、技术与实践

外来物种互花米草挤占本土动植物生存空间,导致潮间带生物多样性和湿地生态服务功能降低,因此,亟须遏制互花米草在我国滨海地区快速扩张的势头。文章介绍了互花米草入侵我国的概况及其造成的主要生态危害,提出了“生态危害评估—分区有效控制—监测预警”的互花米草防控理念,并对国内外互花米草治理技术和我国互花米草治理现状进行了总结分析。不同治理技术各有优缺点,把不同技术配合使用的综合治理技术通常可以取得更好的治理效果。截至2023年6月初,我国实施近200项互花米草防治项目,治理成本多数低于60 000元/公顷。未来应着重研究：（1）防与控相结合,建立互花米草防治长效机制;（2）优化综合治理技术,加强专业机械设备研发;（3）加强对治理效果及治理工程对环境和生物影响的评估。     

微电子器件材料和工艺的专利分析

[目的/意义]面向我国信息化战略和集成电路重大需求,基于专利文献分析把握微电子器件材料和工艺的发展现状和趋势.[方法/过程]以德温特世界专利索引数据库2000-2020年的专利为基础,从三个层次进行专利分析:(1)宏观上对专利数量、时间趋势等进行基本统计分析;(2)中观上对专利国家/地区、专利权人以及研发团队合作关系等...     

江苏淤泥质潮滩湿地互花米草扩张对湿地景观的影响

在RS和GIS技术支持下,结合盐城自然保护区典型区域潮滩湿地的区域特点,通过景观多样性指数、优势度、聚集度指数、分布质心和转移矩阵等方法,系统地分析了1996-2010年的14年间盐城潮滩湿地互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)沼泽景观的时空动态及其对湿地景观空间格局的影响。结果表明:1盐城潮滩湿地互花米草沼泽分布面积呈显著增加趋势。1996-2010年,面积增长了2 661.74hm2,年均增长177.45hm2,增幅215.42%,年均变化率14.36%;2空间上,潮滩湿地上的互花米草斑块质心总体向海偏移。其中,1996-2006年,年均向海移动110.96m/a;2006-2010年,年均向海移动74.97m/a;3受互花米草扩张影响,研究区景观格局发生了明显的变化。互花米草生长不仅抑制了本地湿地植被的自然增长,而且还改变着湿地植被景观的组成、结构和潮滩湿地景观系统整体格局。     

DⅡ、esp@cenet、SciFinder Scholar在化学化工类查新专利文献检索中的比较研究

德温特专利创新索引(DII)和欧洲专利检索系统(esp@cenet)和SciFinder Scholar都是检索世界范围内化学化工专利文献的重要工具.本文从收录范围、检索方式和检索结果方面对这3个专利检索系统进行了详细的比较和分析.     

装配线科技产出发展评估

本文采用国际通用的、基于科学产出力统计分析的文献计量学方法,以<科学引文索引(SCI)>、<科技会议录索引(ISTP)>、<工程索引(EI)>、<中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)>、<中国专利>及<世界专利>和<中国科技成果>等数据库为统计源,对新疆1997-2006年十年间科技论文、专利以及科技成果进行系统的统计、分析,通过其相关时间、空间、学科领域等发展变化状况,揭示科学生产的组织结构、交流活动、学术水平及其发展变化规律.     

碳纳米管技术专利分析

文章以德温特世界专利创新索引网络数据库为数据源,从多个角度对检索到的碳纳米管专利文献进行分析,阐明了主要专利权人在该技术领域的相关关系、碳纳米管专利的主题关联、专利在世界主要国家的分布等情况。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.