布哈林世界历史思想的内涵

布哈林对世界历史的研究主要是从三个方面体现出来的。第一,对资本主义的认识是布哈林研究世界历史的开篇,也是布哈林世界历史思想形成的前提;第二,对社会主义的研究加深了布哈林对世界历史的认识,也形成了布哈林独特的社会主义建设观;第三,在前两者的基础上,形成了独特世界革命观。三者密切相关,缺一不可,共同构成布哈林世界历史思想的内涵。     

鲁比扬卡的彩屏：布哈林最后的哲学

布哈林在生命的最后一年里在鲁比扬卡监狱里的哲学著述《哲学彩屏（辩证法概述）》一书，论述了他对真理正义的追求。布哈林这部最后的哲学手稿不但内容广博，而且充满了布哈林最后生命的光彩和对马克思主义哲学的最新奉献。正如俄罗斯哲学家奥古尔佐夫评价的：“布哈林的手稿是创立另一种非斯大林式的马克思主义哲学的最后一次尝试”。     

我们和《布哈林传》

闻一和我合作撰写的《布哈林传——一个老布尔什维克革命家的悲惨结局》(以下简称《布哈林传》——作者),由吉林教育出版社出版,在布哈林诞生一百周年,死难五十周年的时候,献给读者。从握管撰写初稿到最     

布哈林平衡论思想再思考

布哈林的平衡论是其哲学中最有争议的理论,往往被等同于机械论,甚至被斥为布哈林右倾机会主义的理论根源。但是布哈林的平衡论含有丰富的辩证法内核和唯物史观意蕴,因而对其平衡论思想进行再思考对社会主义国家的建设、改革和发展有着重要的指导作用和积极的现实意义。     

论布哈林的社会主义建设思想及其现实意义

布哈林在理论和实践中对社会主义建设进行了深入思考和探索,形成了颇具特色的布哈林社会主义建设思想。布哈林社会主义建设思想主要包括:"落后型社会主义"思想、社会主义发展建设具有多样形式的思想、社会主义经济建设中的平衡论思想。布哈林的这些思想对于当前世界社会主义国家建设社会主义和我国建设中国特色社会主义都具有重要的理论借鉴意义和现实启示意义。     

布哈林问题的由来

布哈林是苏联早期社会主义革命和建设的著名领袖之一,1928年他因在国家经济建设问题上持不同意见而遭到批判,1937年被逮捕。自1938年被秘密处决至1988年平反昭雪,其间经历了近半个世纪的漫长岁月。这期间,苏联政坛虽几经变迁,却始终对布哈林问题讳莫如深,直至戈尔巴乔夫执政后,苏联最高法院方裁决其无罪。     

布哈林平衡论的历史命运及其启示

布哈林的平衡论是在十月革命胜利以后,应对苏联社会主义建设中面临的种种问题在理论上作出的回答,在实践中起到了重要的指导作用。然而,斯大林认为布哈林的平衡论是完全违反马克思主义辩证法的,对其进行了严厉的批判和打击。时隔几十年,人们发现布哈林的平衡论对于如何在和平时期建设社会主义有着重要的启示意义,为社会主义的发展道路提供了与斯大林模式不同的另一种选择。当今中国,社会主义建设中出现的许多问题对我们提出了新的挑战,布哈林的平衡论对于贯彻落实科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会有许多有益启示。     

布哈林平衡论的哲学思想研究(下)

"平衡论"是布哈林的代表性理论之一。它包含有丰富的哲学思想,对马克思主义哲学,尤其是历史唯物主义作出了重大的贡献。然而,自20世纪20年代末布哈林在政治上遭到不幸之后,这一理论一直受到批判。这是不公正的。尽管布哈林的平衡论有这样那样的缺点,但其总体上是符合辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的基本原理的,是马克思主义的理论。前苏联70多年的社会主义实践以及我国社会主义初级阶段的理论和实践都证明了布哈林的平衡论基本上是正确的。随着社会主义改革和建设的不断发展,我们将可以看到,布哈林的平衡论,尤其是平衡论中的历史唯物主义思想会有更大的生命力,会发出更大的光彩。     

论布哈林的平衡论思想及其现实意义

布哈林的平衡论思想是一种社会历史理论,他将平衡视为矛盾论的基本范畴,动态平衡是人类社会的一种常态,其中生产力的发展是实现社会平衡的根本因素,渐进的改革和激烈的革命是实现社会平衡的基本途径。布哈林的平衡论思想在苏联的经济社会发展中有着广泛应用并发挥了积极作用。布哈林平衡论思想及其实践经验对于我国构建社会主义和谐社会具有重要的启示意义。     

布哈林冤案的历史教训

尼古拉·伊万诺维奇·布哈林1888年出生于莫斯科的一个教师家庭,18岁加入俄国社会民主工党,因进行革命活动遭沙皇政府逮捕、流放,后流亡欧洲。1917年俄国二月革命后,布哈林返回彼得堡,在布尔什维克党的第六次代表大会上当选为中央委员,参加了十月革命的领导工作。十月革命胜利后,他历任中央委员、政治局委员、《真理报》     

四种英国产香烟烟气中自由基的ESR分析研究

研究了用电子自旋顺磁共振(ESR)法对香烟烟气中的自由基进行分析的样品处理方法及ESR检测方法.对四种英国产香烟样品中的粒相及气相自由基进行了分析检测并对检测结果进行了讨论.结论:大多数英国产的检测样品香烟中,含有1.5～3倍于国产对照香烟样品的气相自由基;而国产对照样品香烟的粒相自由基的含量水平则处于较高水平.实验结果还显示:同品牌的Sobranie香烟中,不同型号样品中粒相自由基含量与焦油含量具有负相关性,但不同品牌则不同;对于检测样品而言,气相自由基的含量与焦油含量有正相关性.     

钦州湾表层海水温度盐度及pH值时空变化

根据2009年春夏秋冬4个季节调查资料,分析钦州湾表层海水温度、盐度及pH值的季节变化和分布特征。结果表明：钦州湾海水平均温度春季20．4℃,夏季30．1℃,秋季16．0℃,冬季14．6℃,变化特征与气温的季节变化相同,空间分布为夏秋季河口区的水温都略高于湾口区,而春冬季则相反。海水平均盐度春季20．067,夏季17．975,秋季23．864,冬季23．660,表现为秋季〉冬季〉春季〉夏季,各季节空间分布总体表现为河口区低,湾口区高的趋势。海水pH平均值春季7．82,夏季8．11,秋季8．01,冬季8．10,全年空间分布高值区均出现在大风江口外海域。钦州湾海水比较适宜大蚝、对虾、文蛤等广温广盐性品种的海水养殖。     

德州回族渊源考

德州回族的历史可以追溯到元朝,至今已有700多年的历史。德州回族的来源主要有五：一是元明清陆续自外迁入,二是历代回回兵及其后裔,三是回回商人及其后裔,四是苏禄东王后裔的融人,五是其他民族的融人。在德州回族的形成过程中,伊斯兰教起到了纽带的作用。     

农村远程教育教学资源质量体系建设初探

从为农村远程平台提供教学资源课件内容、资源开发模式、资源建设信息反馈、资源课件质量评价等九个方面,对我省农村现代远程教育教学资源建设质量体系进行诠释,旨在为我省农村远程教育平台教学资源的开发、应用、管理与评价,做有益探索。     

论冰心三四十年代作品艺术风格

冰心是20世纪中国最杰出的文学大师之一。她从1919年五四运动之后,便开始了文学创作。她的作品,如"问题小说"、小诗、散文和儿童文学开创了新文学的先河,而"冰心体"的创造,则是她最杰出的贡献。"爱的哲学"的提出又使她成为现代文学史上最有个性,最有特色的一位女性作家。但是,至今冰心的作品受到评论界充分关注的仍只是她20年代的作品,她三四十年代作品所体现出的一以贯之的对爱与美的追求及其艺术风格,却一直为研究者所忽略,这自然有碍于对冰心创作全貌的把握。本文拟以冰心三四十年代的生活为立足点,试图对她这一阶段的重要作品所表现出的文学精神及艺术风格予以解释。     

A comparative examination of schools' responses to bereavement and the associated needs of the school community in Galway,West of Ireland and Derry,Northern Ireland

The aim and objective of this study is to examine and compare how schools in Galway, Republic of Ireland and Derry in the North of Ireland (cities located within two independent jurisdictions in Ireland) manage and respond to bereavement. To carry out a survey of schools, the ‘Loss in Schools’ questionnaire is considered the most suitable tool. The questionnaire, which contains 10 questions designed to unearth pertinent issues including the needs and concerns of schools, had previously been administered in studies in Hull. Sixty questionnaires were administered in both Galway and Derry, with a return of 38 and 35, respectively. This study illuminates important aspects of the topic. The schools in both Galway and Derry rate bereavement (and parental separation) as highly important in terms of priorities. In terms of policy, some of the respondents in both study sites report that loss is included in their school's policy documents but not formally included in the curriculum. A designated staff member (who would speak to the pupil experiencing the death of a family member or significant other) is evident in 37% of Derry schools and 23% of Galway schools. Some members of staff in both study sites have attended training in bereavement, although the courses are relatively short term. Schools request assistance from other agencies outside the formal schools arena in times of need. In Galway the psychology services are most commonly consulted, while in Derry the Western Education and Library Board Bereavement Counselling teams and Cruse Bereavement Care are identified as additional resources from which help is sought. This paper outlines recommendations on schools' training needs in the area of child bereavement and the request for support to help further develop and formalise school policies.     

教育爱的新视界

教育是一项爱的事业,应该对教育爱有更为宏观的哲学式的关注。教育爱不仅仅是教师之爱,更是所有教育工作者的爱,是他们在整个教育事业中表现出来的爱,是具有精神性、智慧性、文化性等教育品性的爱。教育爱在实现人与社会协调发展、促进教育公平、发挥教育潜能等方面具有重要的的价值。我们可以从教育决策、教育的组织实施、教育评价等层面实现教育爱。     

Developing pre-service teachers' evidence-based argumentation skills on socio-scientific issues

We report on a study of the effect of meta-level awareness on the use of evidence in discourse. The participants were 66 pre-service teachers who were engaged in a dialogic activity. Meta-level awareness regarding the use of evidence in discourse was heightened by having same-side peers collaborating in arguing on the computer against successive pairs of peers on the opposing side of an issue on the topic of Climate Change and by engaging in explicit reflective activities on the use of evidence. Participants showed significant advances both in their skill of producing evidence-based arguments and counterarguments and regarding the accuracy of the evidence used. Advances were also observed at the meta-level, reflecting at least implicit understanding that using evidence is an important goal of argumentation. Another group of pre-service teachers, who studied about the role of evidence in science in the context of regular curriculum and served as a control condition, did not exhibit comparable advances in the use of evidence in argumentation. Educational implications are discussed.     

Shaping a culture: oral histories of academic development in Australian universities

Academic development has had an approximately forty‐year history within Australian higher education, paralleling the major expansions and changes in the sector, both nationally and internationally. Its principal concerns have been the improvement of teaching and the professional development of the academics who teach. The history of academic development has gone largely undocumented and unexamined at a national level, in Australia and elsewhere. However, as university teaching has increasingly become important in relation to quality in higher education, academic development has become a central player in the work of universities. It becomes of particular importance at this time to garner a more thorough understanding of the continuities as well as the discontinuities in the meanings and practices of university teaching and in the work of those whose role has been to support its development. This article presents a discussion of two key themes identified from a set of oral history interviews conducted with early leaders in academic development in Australia. These themes offer different insights into issues and understandings of academic development in today’s university. The first concerns a perennial issue in academic development – the struggle to define academic development’s emerging ethos in relation to research and service to the broader university’s endeavour. The second theme represents an issue that has been forgotten or marginalised in the official accounts of academic development but which lives on in the ‘lore’ of the field – the role of activism in the shaping of university teaching and academic development.     

宋代梅山峒蛮族属新证——以梅山奉氏家族为例

从新发掘出来的史料论证,宋代新化奉家峒的奉姓"蛮猺",是现今新化县奉家山奉姓家族和隆回县虎形山奉姓花瑶的族源.现今新化县奉家山奉姓家族的本来族属应为瑶族.瑶族在梅山文化的多元构成中占有相当重要的位置.