日常生活的审美化与美学边界的扩张

本文通过对日常社会生活的审美化新趋势的阐述 ,指出美学应紧密关注日常生活中新出现的文化活动方式 ,从创新的理念正视美学边界的扩张。     

"日常生活审美化"考辨

日常生活的审美化是近几年美学界谈论的热门话题，但在具体使用过程中，这一范畴有被狭隘化、庸俗化的倾向，它经常被局限于指大众消费化带来的物质生活景观，而其更为广阔和深刻的内涵却被忽视。本力图阐明日常生活审美化范畴的多层次含义。     

"日常生活审美化"争论述评

关于日常生活审美化的争论持续了数年之久,争论围绕着该问题的现实依据、价值判断、文艺学效应等方面展开。这次论争暴露出对该问题研究的诸多不足,尚有待多方面的开拓和深化。     

"日常生活审美化"并非审美化

“日常生活审美化”这一命题,之所以在学术界引起了仁者见仁智者见智,甚至针锋相对的争论,一个非常重要的原因就是争论的双方对这一命题及其相关概念的内涵和适用的范围未统一起来。笔者认为,“日常生活审美化”这一判断,既违背了审美的本质要求,又不符合我国的客观实际,因此,“日常生活审美化”并非审美化。     

"日常生活审美化"理论溯源

"日常生活审美化"出现在已经进入后工业社会的欧美发达资本主义国家,英国学者费瑟斯通和德国学者沃尔夫冈·韦尔施是这一理论最早的倡导者.对他们的理论作进一步梳理,以期对我国关于这一理论的深入研究有所借鉴.     

文艺学的边界、文化研究与文化诗学——日常生活审美化论争的反思

日常生活审美化并非文艺学的内部问题,但它所带来的关于文艺学的讨论却涉及文艺学的一些本质问题,尤其是文艺学的边界问题和文艺学的文化转向问题。文艺学只能以文学作为自己的边界,把审美泛化这一原本属于美学、社会学的现象纳入文艺学的学科视野只会导致文艺学学科建设的紊乱,而以属于广义社会学研究范围的文化研究取代文艺学更是无稽之谈。文化研究是一种广义的社会学研究,带有极强的意识形态属性;文艺学的文化转向只是以文化研究为工具,探究文学发展与文化之间的密切关系,索引文学作品的文化内涵和文化因子,二者是不能混淆的。而文化诗学的出现,则是对这一论争的最佳回应。     

中国"日常生活的审美化"研究的三条路经

自1988年4月英国学者迈克·费瑟斯通提出“日常生活的审美化”这个概念以来,学术界从不同的视角对此进行了深入的研究。在中国文艺理论界,“日常生活审美化”已经成为关注的热点。为了对“日常生活的审美化这一特殊的文化现象进行更深入的研究,我认为对近年的研究成果进行归纳整理和简单的评述是有意义的。目前,在美学和文艺理论界对“日常生活审美化”的研究主要是从三条路径进行研究的:其一,把“日常生活的审美化”看作是文艺学、美学学科研究的新兴亮点;其二,把“日常生活的审美化”看作是新现代性中国的一种“表征”;其三,把“日常生活的审美化”看作是人类社会的理想生存意境。     

挑战与回应：日常生活审美化问题反思

描述了日常生活审美化问题讨论的现实和学术背景,对日常生活审美化讨论的意义进行了充分的肯定,同时对讨论过程中出现的一些错误倾向作了批评,认为应该以审美的超越性对日常生活审美化中的感性化、欲望化特征进行反思,积极地展开日常生活的审美批判.     

对"日常生活审美化"含义的考察

本文从审美与生活的关系,当下审美与传统审美的关系,审美与资本消费的关系,三个角度分析“日常生活审美化”的内涵,归纳出“日常生活审美化”涵义的复杂性。     

日常生活审美化的民族时尚

民族时尚是商品化社会一个耐人寻味的文化现象,它是现代感基础上对民族记忆的组合与加工,是经济现代化之后的传统文化现代化,也是商品技术发展过程的人文化。民族时尚盛行于当代日常生活中,是日常生活审美化的一个重要方面。日常生活审美化中的民族时尚是全球化的一种文化表征。     

"一页纸开卷"引发的思考

针对某些高校试行的“一页纸开卷”考试,文章从考试方式入手,对教育思想、考试理念、教学方式、学习方法等教育教学改革的一些问题进行了思考。认为“一页纸开卷”不仅仅是一种考试形式的改变,而是推进考试理念和教育思想的创新。它的作用也不只是探索多种考试形式,而在于它有效推进考风建设;着力实践素质教育对教育教学提出的要求;使学生实现从死记硬背到灵活掌握、到提升能力、到学会学习的转变;推动并促进教育教学改革的不断深入。     

当代“审美泛化”的全息结构——从“审美日常生活化”到“日常生活审美化”

当代“审美泛化”已成为了“后现代”的美学特质,然而,无论在中国还是西方,这种历史趋势都被直接等同于“日常生活审美化”。实际上,“审美泛化”包涵着双重的逆向运动的过程:一方面是“日常生活审美化”,另一方面则是“审美日常生活化”。前者是就“后现代文化”的基本转向而言的,它直接将“审美的态度”引进现实生活,主要包括“表层审美化”与“深度审美化”两类;后者则主要是就“后现代艺术”的大致取向来说的,它力图去消抹艺术与日常生活的界限,但这种趋势在前现代与现代主义艺术那里就已存在。由此观之,当代“审美泛化”的全息图景,便在历史整体性上被呈现了出来。     

高校德育如何应对加入世贸带来的挑战

加入世贸组织既给我国德育带来了机遇,又带来了挑战,我们应当从加强理想信念教育、弘扬民族精神、建设先进的校园文化、改革和创新德育工作、建立一支高素质的德育工作队伍等方面,抓住机遇,迎接挑战,进一步做好新时期高校德育工作。     

教师应面对学习型学校的产生引起的变革

学习型学校伴随时代的发展而产生,就教师应如何面对学习型学校所带来的变革,从教育思想、教育教学内容、及学校的设计和管理方面进行了探讨.     

Widening access to writing support: beliefs about the writing process are key

Abstract

Universities’ performance indicators for scholarly outputs depend on academics having productive and sustainable writing behaviours. Research shows that writing programmes can increase research output, but less is known about which writing processes are productive. A project was initiated at a university which widened access to writing support to include staff who were not included in these performance targets, but who might be in the future. Following a writing for publication workshop, 36 academics were offered a place at a structured writing retreat. The evaluation aimed to increase our understanding of participants’ perceptions of their writing skills and processes before and after the retreat using a transactional model. We found that participants’ perceptions of their writing abilities were greater than their perceptions of their ability to employ effective writing practices. Both scores improved after the retreat. This finding confirms that a structured writing retreat provides an environment and structure for academics to practise effective writing. It enhances self-belief in the processes and skills required to produce output. Widening access to writing support for academics is essential for success in performance-based systems. Writing support must provide opportunities for academics to develop strong performance beliefs by practising writing skills and productive and sustainable writing processes.     

Education beyond socialisation: on becoming and being a citizen-subject in everyday life

This article is concerned with a dimension of young people's civic education beyond socialisation that is neither confined to the sphere of political decision-making, nor to the achievement of a particular civic identity. The two case studies emphasise the role and importance of significant others and of democratic and non-democratic relationships, engagements and practices in the everyday lives of the young people. Whilst schools have a duty to teach young people how to act and behave in a responsible way within a democratic society, they also have a unique opportunity to foster and maintain a safe environment where young people can originate action, respond to the actions of others and be citizen-subjects.     

'To be,or not to be': Absurd and humoristic descriptions as a strategy to avoid idyllic life stories- boys write about family life

Self-narration has been discussed as a process of identity construction where a person, while telling her or his story and presenting herself/himself in relation to important people, creates a self-identity, in fact a version of self. This article is based on a study where pupils, aged 13-14, were asked to write and make drawings on the theme 'My future family'. The boys' stories are focused on here and the narratives are seen as reflecting the boys' ways of exploring a male identity through their main character. A group of the boys did write about odd or egocentric persons and used absurd ingredients and elements of the science fiction genre. These narratives are analysed in more detail and it is argued that the detached and humorous style opens up for writing about maleness without entering into familiarity.