修辞·修辞学·接受修辞学

修辞是指编码,随意改变其含义将会产生多米诺骨牌效应,导致修辞学丧失自身特征。修辞学以揭示编码规律为己任,但不等于无需研究解码,研究任务和研究范围是两码事,后者覆盖面总是大于前者覆盖面。接受修辞学概念可以成立,但是作为修辞学的下位学科,应当把落脚点放在编码上。     

修辞研究、修辞学史和修辞学评论——修辞学研究的几个问题

汉语修辞学史的研究是汉语修辞学中的热点,成果很多。汉语修辞学史研究想更上一层楼,是不容易的。对汉语修辞学研究现状进行评论,是汉语修辞学前进所必须的。这种评论应当建立在“诚”字之上,端正学风。研究汉语修辞学史,进行汉语修辞学评论,目的是要推动汉语修辞学研究,促进修辞学的繁荣。     

修辞学和修辞学转向

有两种“修辞学转向”(美学家的和哲学家的 )。有位哲学家把社会上流行的假话空话说成是修辞学转向 ,这在理论上和实际上都是不很适宜的。应当引起修辞学界的注意。教训是 :不同学科之间的对话是很重要的。     

论修辞推理与修辞话语形式建构

修辞活动是一个互动的过程,是表达与接受相互作用的过程。修辞所必然联系的双方即表达者与理解者总是追求在对立中达到统一,修辞的效果则在表达与接受的互动中取得,并最终诉诸接受心理得以体现。接受心理的存在势必影响修辞表达,或者说,修辞表达要受接受心理的制约。“修辞推理”和“修辞话语形式建构”是接受心理制约修辞表达的两个重要方面。     

Seeing Beyond Sameness: Using The Giver to Challenge Colorblind Ideology

The secondary worlds created in fantasy encourage the reader to compare and contrast the real world with the imaginary. In this way, fantasy as a genre can be transformative. In this article, the dystopia created in The Giver (1993) by Lois Lowry is examined as a metaphor for racism. After exploring the young adult novel as mystical fantasy in the context of reader response theory, the author evaluates the monochromatic world of The Giver as a portrayal of the consequences of a colorblind stance. Pedagogical considerations and implications for practice are also discussed. Susan G. Lea received her M.Ed. from the University of Pennsylvania, where she is currently a doctoral candidate. She also serves as Chair, Board of Trustees, The Agnes Irwin School, an independent girls day school in Rosemont, PA. Her areas of research include how aesthetic response and co-constructed meaning are enhanced through well-known visual art presented in intertextual sets of picturebook art parody, local public mural art parody, and original artwork. Zelnick, “The battle for color-blind public policy.” Lowry, The Giver.     

《修辞学发凡》字形修辞理论简论

陈望道《修辞学发凡》的字形修辞理论主要包括三方面的内容:以字形(含汉字的形体、标点、图符等书面因素)为修辞利用的材料,把字形修辞归入积极修辞,认为字形修辞有独特的功能。从整体上看,字形修辞理论是《修辞学发凡》修辞思想的重要组成部分,它对于构建具有中国特色的汉语修辞学具有重要意义。     

积极修辞与消极修辞小议

通过对积极修辞和消极修辞的划分进行分析,认为消极修辞的概念不仅与修辞实际不符,而且在概念本身的阐释上也有相互矛盾的地方,指出,骆小所先生关于"科学语言"和"艺术语言"的划分更能反映修辞的本质.     

从《理论修辞学》看当前中国修辞学转型趋势

《理论修辞学——宏观视野下的大修辞》从整体结构到基本思想都表现出当下中国修辞学由“狭义”走向“广义”的转型意识。首先,它的基本框架给我们建构了一种新的修辞学理论系统,体现出修辞观的改变。其次,这一理论体系中的主要概念——修辞主体、修辞角色、修辞身份等,有别于以前的提法,从中我们可以看到修辞观念在发生转变。书中“修辞现象的本质”的理论阐述集中而直接地表现出修辞学创新思想,总体上体现出当前中国修辞学由“狭义”向“广义”的转型趋势。     

修辞格在篇章中衔接连贯的修辞功能

作为修辞学研究的对象之一,修辞格是我国传统修辞学研究的核心内容。长期以来,人们对修辞格的研究主要集中在对其自身本质特征上。随着修辞学以及篇章语言学的发展,我们不能仅仅局限于前人研究的层面。试从篇章修辞的衔接与连贯的角度来研究比喻、反复和排比三种典型的修辞格,分析其在篇章中如何取得理想的修辞效果。     

Rhetoric in the beginning course

THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF MIND: STUDIES IN ETHNOMETHODOLOGY AND LINGUISTIC PHILOSOPHY. By Jeff Coulter. Totowa, New Jersey: Rowman and Littlefield, 1979; pp. ix + 190. $18.50.

A PRIMER ON ETHNOMETHODOLOGY. By Kenneth Leiter. New York: Oxford University Press, 1980; pp. viii + 252. $14.95, $4.95 paper.

EVERYDAY LANGUAGE: STUDIES IN ETHNOMETHODOLOGY. By George Psathas (ed.). New York: Irvington Publishers, 1979; pp. 294. $18.50.

INTERACTIONAL COMPETENCE. By George Psathas and Richard Frankel (eds.). (Forthcoming, New York: Irvington Publish‐ers).

QUALITATIVE SOCIOLOGY: A METHOD TO THE MADNESS. By Howard Schwartz and Jerry Jacobs. New York: Free Press, 1979; pp. xv + 458. $16.96, $9.95 paper.

DILEMMAS OF DISCOURSE: CONTROVERSIES ABOUT THE SOCIOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF LANGUAGE. By Anthony Wootton. New York: Holmes and Meier Publishers, 1975; pp. 125. $18.00, $7.50 paper.

LANGUAGE AND SOCIAL INTERACTION. By Don Zimmerman and Candice West, (eds.). Vol. 50, 1980, of Sociological Inquiry, pp. xx + 425. $6.50 paper. (Copies may be obtained by writing Harry M. Johnson, Editor, Sociological Inquiry, 326 Lincoln Hall, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801.)     

修辞的妙用

修辞是行文所不可或缺的"调味剂"。修辞的恰当运用有助于读者更深刻地理解文章内涵。     

把辞章学研究推向前进

辞章学是＂大修辞学＂,或称＂广义修辞学＂,它和经学、史学一样,是＂吾国之菁英＂,是言语艺术的国学。我国辞章学的发展可分三个时期：古代期、古今过渡期、现代期。本文简述古代期辞章学;较具体地阐释过渡期倡建辞章学的观点;较详细地叙述了现代期辞章学各类型代表作及其理论成果和存在的问题,在此基础上,提出中、近期的研究规划,研究应注意的原则和如何实现计划的措施。