THE ROLE OF HEROES IN JEWISH EDUCATION

Rosenak has shown that contemporary Jewish education must negotiate the tension between relevance and authenticity. For those who embrace authenticity as a goal, education is often mediated through heroes--who are ideal cultural types. Such education is hampered by the diminution of heroes in contemporary culture: The hero has been replaced by the role model, and the aspiration to be like the hero has been replaced by individualism. This article explores the idea of heroes in education both in the philosophic literature (Taylor, McIntyre, Rosenak) and in various aspects of Jewish education in the United States, including a look at wider American Jewish culture in this regard. A brief comparison to Israeli Jewish education is also included, where similar tensions and dilemmas are found.     

AUTONOMY AND DEPENDENCE IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION

In the more developed countries, the twin concepts of academic freedom and university autonomy have been the bedrock of university administration and development. These concepts have become the characteristic features of modern universities because of the special functions they are called upon to perform over time. Critical to the specialist function of universities are the three P's, namely: (i) the profession of truth and knowledge through teaching; (ii) the promotion of truth and knowledge through research and (iii) the protection of truth and knowledge. Of immediate relevance to these functions is university autonomy which is an essential element for freedom in the search for truth and knowledge. Thus, the normative framework of academic freedom and university autonomy presupposes that academics are effective once these privileges are guaranteed. Supposedly, the opposite is the case should these factors of university administration be absent; hence, we can equally speak of dependence.

Against this conflicting background, this article examines the situation in Nigeria in the context of autonomy, freedom, and dependence in the administration of higher education in selected countries.     

ADMINISTRATION STRUCTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN FRANCE

The design and management of higher education systems are important factors in discussions on planning organization and financing of higher education.

We present below information on the administration structure and management of the French higher education system based on part of the study “Systems of Higher Education: France” written by Professor Alain Bienaymé of the University of Paris‐IX Dauphine, which was sponsored by the International Council for Educational Development (ICED).     

高等学校定位:竞争中的抉择

高等教育多样化是在社会竞争中由学校自主办学形成的。要用一种动态的眼光来看待所谓学校的“定位”。高等学校制定自己的发展战略是审时度势下的理性决策。政府的职能是完善社会竞争机制和宏观调节手段 ,构建合理的高等教育结构。     

PERSONAL REFLECTIONS ON THE ROLE OF ART IN JEWISH EDUCATION

There are two components to this presentation — one deals with sociological analysis, whether based on research data or on armchair speculation; the other is outright prognostication. Only a very thin line divides prognostication from prophecy, and I am keenly aware of the dangers to which I am exposing myself since, as our sages taught us after the destruction of the Temple, only children and fools possess prophetic faculties. This danger is compounded by the very nature of our professional work. We cannot merely speculate about the future; our métier requires that we propose policy or, if you prefer, assist and guide our lay leadership in making policy.     

UNESCO: PROMOTION OF THE ROLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN SOCIETY

UNESCO has just published its “Draft Medium‐Term Plan (1977‐1982)” which is one of the principal documents serving as a basis for discussion at the 19th session of the General Conference of the Organization, to be held during October and November 1976 in Nairobi. We give below extracts from this text concerning higher education.     

SEARCHING FOR THE SOUL OF ENGLISH UNIVERSITIES: AN EXPLORATION AND ANALYSIS OF CHRISTIAN HIGHER EDUCATION IN ENGLAND

ABSTRACT:  Although church-related universities in England gradually became more secular throughout the twentieth century, a group of nine teacher education colleges with church foundations have recently developed into full fledged universities. This article draws upon documentary and site-based research to evaluate the relevance of the Christian identity for these institutions in light of recent scholarship on the subject.     

A PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PERSPECTIVE ON THE STUDY OF HIGHER EDUCATION

This article explores the relationship between higher education research and the study of public administration, the concpetual perspectives of which are useful for understanding the links between government policy‐making and higher education. A short introduction to the study of public administration is followed by the presentation of six newly evolved concepts of public administration which are labeled as follows: comprehensive rationality, the community action approach, the public choice approach, political systems theory, policy sciences, and contingency and inter‐organizational approaches. All of these have contributed to the eclecticism and the conceptual pluralism of the discipline of public administration as a whole. Having been adapted to the theoretical underpinnings of the administration of higher education, these six concepts have stimulated the development of four theoretical models for the analysis of decision‐making processes in higher education: the analytical or rational actor model, the garbage can or organized anarchy model, the collegiality model, and the political model. Specific problems in higher education administration have been addressed, as they have arisen, with reference to one or more of the six concepts and the four decision‐making models. For the future, the public administration approach to higher education will be most likely to draw upon the study of co‐ordination mechanisms in collective decision‐making processes and the comparative analysis of the external functions and performances of government.     

THE CHANGING ROLE OF CAREERS SERVICES IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

The strength of specialist careers advisory services in United Kingdom universities is linked to the in loco parentis tradition and also to the tradition of occupational flexibility on graduation. The evolution of such services from appointments boards to careers services is traced in terms of three sequential changes: the impact of counselling, the growth of careers education, and the move towards an open‐access style of delivery. The overlap of roles between careers services and teaching departments is analyzed in relation to individual guidance and placement, and particularly in relation to careers education. The extent of overlap tends to vary between vocational, semi‐vocational, and non‐vocational courses. The emergence of the concept of personal transferable skills has encouraged new forms of partnership between careers services and teaching departments. This development raises questions about where careers services should be located organizationally within higher education institutions. Should they, for example, be aligned to other student services, to academic services, or to marketing services? What organizational benefits do institutions seek from such services? Are they part of the core offer made to students, or additional.services which are open to. review in terms of their specific costs and benefits?     

THE UNITED KINGDOM: A STAFF COLLEGE APPROACH TO THE MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION OF FURTHER AND HIGHER EDUCATION

Training and further education for ‐professionals involved in the. administration and management of higher education institutions can be considered as essential elements in the introduction of the concept of lifelong education, as well as important factors for promoting efficiency in higher education institutions.

We give below information on the Further Education Staff College Coombe’ Lodge, an institution providing this type of training for professional staff of higher education institutions in the United Kingdom.     

美国《高等教育法》修订与高等教育财政改革

1965年通过的《高等教育法》是美国历史上最为重要的高等教育立法之一,扩展了联邦政府在高等教育财政领域的角色。该法以再授权的方式周期性地予以修订,到目前为止,已进行了8次再授权。2008年通过的《高等教育机会法》是对该法的第8次再授权,本次修订提出了一系列重要的高等教育财政改革措施,并突出体现了促进和改善入学机会、可负担和问责的高等教育财政理念。     

THE JEWISH CHARITIES AND JEWISH EDUCATION

Introduction

The principal of an afternoon religious school is at the hub of the school's activities. It is quite likely that if the principal is performing adequately, then the school is functioning as it should. Therefore, it is imperative that the principal be evaluated on the basis of how well the principal performs assigned duties.     

高等教育财政政策对入学机会和资源分配公平的促进

本研究使用2004年大学生经济情况问卷调查数据发现,在重点高校中, 来自较高收入群体的学生比例占据了明显的优势。入学机会的差距主要源自长期因素带来的学习能力上的差异。与重点高校相比,“高收费 低资助”的状况在一般院校中表现突出。这造成低收入家庭承受了较重的高等教育个人支出负担;学费对入学机会的负面影响要大于学生资助的正面促进作用。要达到促进入学机会和资源分配公平性的目标,应尽快改变一般院校中“高收费 低资助”的财政现状,普遍推行“高收费 高资助”的财政政策。     

论传统廉政文化在当代廉政教育中的作用

中国传统廉政文化重视"廉德"教育与培养,"廉德"在历史演变中形成了廉直、廉洁、清廉等内涵.传统廉政文化落实到实践,形成了廉于自身、廉于本职、廉于社会的三个层面要求.传统廉政文化力求修身、治国的统一;注重在全社会范围内去弘扬、培育廉德;注重发挥公务人员、读书人在廉政建设中的先导与垂范作用,这些对于当代党和政府开展廉政教育,实施廉政建设具有重要历史启迪意义.可以通过廉政思想、廉政人物、廉政故事、廉政镜鉴等四个层面去发挥廉政文化在当前廉政建设中的作用.