《今日说法》的叙事特点分析

本文从叙事内容和叙述视角两个方面,对《今日说法》栏目的叙事特点加以总结。     

Serial Narrative,Intertextuality, and the Role of Audiences in the Creation of a Franchise: An Analysis of the Indiana Jones Saga from a Cross-Media Perspective

Rather than the simple adaptation of a story across different media, cross-media narrative should be defined as that which is transformed by virtue of use a medium and its different languages (film, comics, video games, etc.). This article extends and updates the dimensions of previous cross-media analysis models by underlining narrative aspects of the different products discussed and examining the influence of generic conventions along the way. To test this methodology, the article focuses on a product from the “adventure” genre— the Indiana Jones franchise—which it argues should be seen as a benchmark in the history of this kind of narrative. Special attention is given to the treatment of the character of Indiana Jones, who is the true focal point of the narrative, and to other underlying thematic features.     

电视民生新闻:在故事化的叙述中坚守新闻的真实性

故事化的叙事方式广泛运用在电视民生新闻中,这种叙述方式可以拉近媒体和受众之间的距离,使民生新闻特有的亲民效果得到延伸。随着这种叙述方式的广泛应用,电视民生新闻中出现了一些因故事化而导致新闻失真的种种现象。本文试澄清电视民生新闻中故事化叙述方式的界定,并分析故事化的叙述方式在电视民生新闻的运用中存在的问题,探讨了电视民生新闻如何在故事化的叙述方式中坚守新闻的真实性问题。     

Through the ‘I’ of the beholder: A rationale for physicalization in performance of narratives

This article presents a rationale for physicalization in performance of narrative prose based on the literary convention of “point of view.” It explores a variety of narrative voices and attempts to illustrate, through example, how narrators rely on both imitation and narration to present story to audience.     

Peer Group Mentoring Relationships and the Role of Narrative

Mentoring, an established practice in many disciplines, provides benefits to both individuals and organizations. Academic libraries recognize the usefulness of mentoring, and many provide such programs within their organization, ranging from formal one-on-one pairings to mentoring groups. Although literature describing a variety of mentoring systems is available, the role of personal and collective narrative in transferring knowledge within mentoring situations is not well known. This article examines the intentional use of narrative in mentoring new academic librarians in a peer group setting. Discussion suggests group mentoring based on narrative is an effective and efficient alternative to traditional mentoring.     

Soft-power requirements in information-security management

This article presents the requirements on using soft power in information-security management that are due to the inefficiency of soft power when applied to corporate employees as specific informationsecurity subjects. The substantiated requirements include the capital technological and the cognitive-communicative approach to soft power, priority use of narrative technologies in employee relations, and the need for developing the narrative expertise of security engineers in the process of training.     

Television Spoilers Recast as Narrative Teasers

This article analyzes online qualitative survey responses from 43 television time shifters who knew narrative content (spoilers) about a particular show before they decided to watch. Twenty of the study participants cited narrative content and/or their spoiler sources as the reason they chose to watch. We ultimately argue that television spoilers can function as teasers, leading would-be viewers to enjoyable shows. In doing so, we expand the definition of spoiler, offering insight into how spoilers can create rather than ruin opportunities for narrative pleasure.     

Imposing structures: Narrative analysis and the design of information systems

Understanding how designers of information and communication technologies conceptualize and perform their work can contribute to the larger goals of more effective design environments and more effective information systems. This article discusses the narrative analysis method in the context of a digital library design project related to environmental science and suggests that useful insights can be gained when both the design product and the design process are framed in narrative terms. When designers embraced the narrative aspects of the system, indicators of communication, information sharing, and integrative work increased. Narrative analysis supplemented social network analysis and demonstrated more explanatory power regarding the outcomes of the usability study and was an effective research method insofar as it mirrored the participants' evolving views of the design environment, suggesting that a reflexive approach to narrative data collection and analysis is warranted.     

Book Reviews

This article is a presentation and analysis of the 2012 budget narrative of the King County (Washington) Library System, the winner of LJ/Cengage's 2011 Library of the Year Award. The author's narrative analyzes both the language and character of this important budget document, demonstrating its place in the appropriate library function of building its relationship with its various constituencies.     

Representing the Past in Vietnamese Museums

Focusing on problems of representation encountered by museums in Vietnam, the article questions the idea of a single historical narrative that can do justice to local experience while also illustrating a unified national past.     

Radio,Race and Identity in South Africa: The Case of Metro FM

This article presents a qualitative content analysis of Metro FM, a commercial music station owned by the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC). Metro FM has the second largest audience in the country and was the first SABC station to intentionally target a black audience. While fostering black pride, the station attempts to create a narrative of responsibility while simultaneously negotiating the cultural imperative to interpellate listeners as consumers. The narrative of black identity assumes a homogenous black audience located in urban areas, and while broadcasts are in English, a great degree of codeswitching allows for in-group identification.     

Character sketches: The curious propaganda careers of Mary,Jane, and Willie

This article draws on the concepts of narrative interactivity and closure to investigate three World War II-era print media characters. The analysis details how Al Parker’s Mary & Jane and Norman Rockwell’s Willie Gillis developed a perceived authenticity that invited fans to envision the propaganda drawings as having lives beyond their artistic origins. The essay concludes that the narrative arcs of these characters prefigured the imagined relationships that subsequent generations developed with televised characters.     

Does It Matter If I Feel Sorry or Sorry for You? Testing the Roles of Empathy and Sympathy as Mechanisms Driving Viewer Response to a Dramatic Ad

Narrative messages on average produce higher levels of involvement, intention, and behavior than other message formats. Narratives also generate feelings of sympathy and empathy, although few studies have directly compared the roles of each emotion in the persuasion process. This article presents the results of two studies that tested the effect of exposure to a narrative or nonnarrative ad on persuasive outcomes and the roles sympathy and empathy play in the persuasion process. Both studies found that the narrative ad produced higher levels of involvement, intention, and behavior and that empathy played a more important role in persuasion than sympathy.     

All About Me,I Mean,You: The Trouble with Narrative Authority in Self-Help Literature

By considering a neglected realm of narrative discourse, this article contributes to the communication scholarship on narrative authority. Authors of self-help books face a challenge that demands different methods of cultivating authority. Rather than do so by articulating professional expertise, they construct their authority based on personal narratives of self-transformation. Throughout the self-help genre's history, a particular type of talking cure has been intimately woven with ideas of selfhood. Positive thinking holds that our thoughts produce reality. Narratives about the self then place a tremendous power in and responsibility on the self, just as they deny the influence of social structures. In this study I aim to expose the implicit values of selfhood and storytelling that are occluded by the explicit stories of a free and helping self espoused in self-help and to demonstrate that that occlusion is enacted through the cultivation of narrative authority.     

Not Just the Hangars of World War II: American Aviation Museums and the Role of Memorial

Abstract In aviation museums throughout the United States, World War II aircraft have become crucial objects in shaping a narrative of memorial for millions of people. The museums' warehousing function allows them to be both the long‐term home of these wondrous and resonant airplanes, and the collective “hangar” of our commemorations. These museums offer reasons for serious study, since in many respects our mental images of World War II are constructed within aviation museums. This article explores the narrative of memorial through illustrations from four representative institutions, and examines one of the anomalies, the case of the Enola Gay.     

Precarious Balance

This article explores how journalists negotiate notions of autonomy in their daily exchanges with politicians. Based on qualitative data analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted in Chile, this article argues that, when analysed from the perspective of journalists, notions of autonomy appear to be negotiated in three distinct dimensions. First, a professional narrative built upon news values firmly grounded in commercial considerations; second, an organizational narrative that rests upon editorial lines that occasionally become explicit editorial biases, and third, a sense of belonging to an encapsulated community inhabited by journalists, politicians and communication officers. Data analysis suggests that core claims of autonomy in political reporting stem from values of newsworthiness greatly influenced by a commercial logic of audience maximization. This professional autonomy, though, has to be upheld at the organizational and the relational level, and appears tensioned by the appearance of new media and political actors who push journalists towards a public-oriented role. The implications of these findings for journalistic practice are discussed.     

Use of narrative interviewing in everyday information behavior research

With an increasing focus on developing a theoretical understanding of everyday life information behaviors, researchers need to consider the appropriateness of the methods and techniques utilized in empirical research in this area. Progressively, studies articulate the need for a person-centered approach to researching human information behavior, yet research methods can be adopted that do not encourage the study participants to express freely their views and experiences. This article proposes that narrative and episodic interviewing techniques are qualitative research methods that sustain a person-centered paradigm of human information behavior and that provide a particularly useful methodological framework for studies of everyday life information-seeking behavior. Furthermore, the author discusses her own work-in-progress that involves narrative interviews.     

《说事》:一个小品的多维文化空间

小品《说事》建构了一个内蕴丰富的文化空间。本文从“媒介的地位授予”、“对立的叙事策略”和“意识形态的规训”等三个方面进行了批判性的剖析。     

Social Media as Primary Source

This article explores and critiques the use of social media as a primary source in the writing of twenty-first-century history. Since the introduction of so-called social media in the early 2000s, social scientists, journalists, and users have hailed this media form as a revolutionary departure from the ‘old media’ that dominated the twentieth century. Part of the narrative of ‘new media’ is it provides greater amounts of user agency, removes structural impediments for social dialog, and promotes an egalitarian exchange within the global sphere. This article suggests that this account is a product of the narrative structure of classical liberalism, through which social media as an object of knowledge and effectivity is produced. It concludes that the use of social media as a primary source for social histories of popular protest will require substantive theoretical scrutiny by scholars writing about these processes of the twenty-first century.     

More than Monsters: Dark Fantasy,the Mystery-Thriller and Horror's Heterogeneous History

This article critically examines the golden age radio mystery-thriller genre in order to rectify the history of the horror genre and contribute to the history of radio horror. An excavation of the mystery-thriller's generic roots and an analysis of the program Dark Fantasy illustrate how this genre included, but was not limited to, horror. It offered a broad variety of narrative types that are not addressed in histories of the horror genre or radio horror. Such generic and narrative diversity suggests fruitful connections with radio's science fiction, noir, and mystery genres, and with fantastic television anthologies like The Twilight Zone.