A Model for Peer Review in Instructional Design

Although many professions practice some type of formal peer review, similar support for increasing the quality and efficiency of instructional design products is largely informal. Most designers develop solutions in professional eommunilies-of-practice, but formal design methodologies ordained by many corporations and instructional design schools do not account for the strong influence these communities have on design decisions. This paper describes an instructional design review process that is modeled after a widely accepted practice among software developers in which peers offer feedback through “structured walkthroughs.” The instructional design review helps the practitioner develop stronger designs more quickly. provides a means to scaffold the novice designer in the vagaries of the workplace, and improves organizational memory. An artifact of a design review as well as guidelines and success factors are presented. The paper provides a summary of a formal peer review structure that has been developed and tested over the past three years at a major corporation.     

Effectiveness of a Self-Scoring Instructional Device in an Introductory Psychology Course

Abstract

No differences in learning or retention were obtained for a computer assisted instruction program (CAI) which incorporated response contingent feedback, prompting, and overt correction procedures when compared to a CAI program which simply typed the correct response following a student response. No differences in learning or retention were obtained for a condition in which an instructional program was administered by a teletypewriter as compared to a condition in which the material was presented by means of programmed texts. Both conditions in which instruction was presented by a CAI communication device took significantly more instructional time than the programmed text condition.     

网络课程中的教学设计

网络课程缺乏教学设计或教学设计质量不高～直是困扰网络课程质量的重要原因。针对这些问题,从网络课程的概念以及目前网络课程建设所存在的问题出发,提出网络课程教学设计的一般原则,并对网络课程设计中的教学设计进行探析。     

网络课程设计中的教学设计

随着现代教育技术的发展,网络教学已经成为现代远程教育的重要形式．目前,开发的许多网络课程,忽视了教育理论方面的指导,缺乏对教与学的系统设计．针对这些问题,提出了网络课程教学设计的理论依据,并对网络课程设计中的教学设计进行探析．     

Educational Research in an Introductory Astronomy Course

The lecture is a common method used in college instruction, but many teachers are questioning its effectiveness. For this study, two successive spring semester sections of introductory astronomy for non-science majors were studied. The spring 1999 semester was the instructor's first attempt to incorporate innovative instructional techniques to include hands-on, minds-on instruction within the lecture setting. The educational research involved classroom observations, personal interviews, and pre-instruction/post-instruction administration of the Texas Attitude Survey and the Astronomy Diagnostic Test. During the spring 2000 semester, the instructor modified instruction to respond to student concerns from the previous semester. Student scores for the second course showed significant improvement in astronomy content and the institutional course survey, but not in student self-efficacy.     

网络课程开发的参与式教学设计策略

目前网络课程开发更多涉及微观层面的教学设计流程。而参与式设计作为宏观教学系统设计动态特征的一大表现,是从交互式设计的观点出发,运用工程和产品设计的过程观点来认识教学设计的一种方法, 是一种用户为中心的教学设计方法。该方法在今后的教学资源及网络课程的系统开发中将会得到广泛应用。     

标导向的网络课程教学设计

网络课程缺乏教学设计或者教学设计质量不高一直是困扰网络课程质量的重要原因。该文分析了当前网络课程教学设计研究的现状后指出:网络课程教学设计模式研究的匮乏是造成网络课程教学设计质量不高的重要原因。在目标导向网络课程开发思想的指导下,作者提出了目标导向的网络课程教学设计模式,并对该模式中学习环境的设计进行了详细讨论。     

远程教育的课程开发和教学设计

二、远程教育多种媒体课程材料的教学设计 远程教育多种媒体课程材料的教学设计的目标是要充分发挥各种媒体的教学功能和优势,扬长避短,整体优化,争取取得最佳教学效果.     

网络课程的教学设计与开发初探

网络课程的开发是当前教育信息化进程中的一个重要举措,它以现代的教育思想和教学设计理论为指导,充分利用信息技术的优势,具有资源共享、时空不限、多向互动、便于合作的特点,能很好地推动学习者自主式学习。本文重点介绍在此过程中所运用到的教学思想、教学策略、教学内容安排、学习环境规划、界面风格设计和各个功能的技术实现。同时在研究和思考大量第三方课程范例基础上,借鉴其优点外还提出了现有网络课程的不足。     

教学设计课程中若干问题的探析

本文针对教学设计课程教学中所遇到的几个理论或认识的问题,如教学设计与教学系统设计的关系问题;以"教"为中心和以"学"为中心教学设计模式的命名是否科学的问题;以及教学模式、教学策略和教学方法这组概念极容易混淆,困扰学习者的问题等,笔者采用文献检索与分析的方法,在教育学和教学理论的学理基础上,对上述问题进行了理论分析和说明,认为教学设计与教学系统设计应是一对从属概念;提出把以"教"为中心和以"学"为中心教学设计模式改为主知主义和行动主义教学设计模式;从教学设计的角度,把教学模式、教学策略和教学方法看成一组由大到小的有着从属关系的三个概念.     

关于《汇编语言程序设计》课程的教学设计

本文从教学设计的定义出发 ,以建构主义学习理论为指导 ,阐述在建构主义学习环境下汇编语言课程的教学设计。     

沟通(Communications)课程的教学设计与实施

沟通(Communications)课程是加拿大Sault College的基础性必修课,是该校众多专业课程的先行必修课。Sault College开设的课程都设有必要就业技能目标,课程根据必要就业技能目标制定相应课程学习成果,文章制定出课程实施方案。     

数据结构网络课程的教学设计

本文结合数据结构教学,提出了数据结构教学网络课件设计的思想和方法。     

基于项目学习的网络课程教学设计

介绍基于项目学习（PBL）的研究情况，分析PBL网络课程的教学设计中存在的关键问题，探讨关键问题的解决途径。在PBL网络课程中安排教学者，为学习者提供在线引导：根据认知负荷理论，从学习者自身和资源提供环节提出相应的教学设计原则，避免发生认知超载；从项目组评价和个人评价2个层面提出适合PBL的教学评价体系，分别对PBL的四要素进行评价。     

Student Interpretations of Phylogenetic Trees in an Introductory Biology Course

Phylogenetic trees are widely used visual representations in the biological sciences and the most important visual representations in evolutionary biology. Therefore, phylogenetic trees have also become an important component of biology education. We sought to characterize reasoning used by introductory biology students in interpreting taxa relatedness on phylogenetic trees, to measure the prevalence of correct taxa-relatedness interpretations, and to determine how student reasoning and correctness change in response to instruction and over time. Counting synapomorphies and nodes between taxa were the most common forms of incorrect reasoning, which presents a pedagogical dilemma concerning labeled synapomorphies on phylogenetic trees. Students also independently generated an alternative form of correct reasoning using monophyletic groups, the use of which decreased in popularity over time. Approximately half of all students were able to correctly interpret taxa relatedness on phylogenetic trees, and many memorized correct reasoning without understanding its application. Broad initial instruction that allowed students to generate inferences on their own contributed very little to phylogenetic tree understanding, while targeted instruction on evolutionary relationships improved understanding to some extent. Phylogenetic trees, which can directly affect student understanding of evolution, appear to offer introductory biology instructors a formidable pedagogical challenge.     

Integrating Problem-based Learning in an Introductory College Food Science Course

ABSTRACT: Problem-based learning (PBL) activities incorporated into an introductory food science course can aid in student understanding of basic food science principles while developing students' problem-solving and critical thinking skills. This article describes one example of how problem-based learning was introduced into an introductory food science course designed for food and nutrition majors. Included are the problems that were developed for the course and the observed outcomes of the problem-based learning activities. Integrated problem-based learning aided students in developing communication, problem-solving, self-directed learning, and other desired skills and demonstrates the potential to be an enjoyable and challenging classroom experience for both students and teachers. However, poor problem design, such as introducing numerous problems for one subject area, may generate unanticipated quick answer approaches to solving problems.     

高等教育自学考试课程教学设计研究:基于VLC环境

通过对虚拟学习社区(VLC)组成要素分析以及在高等教育自学考试课程学习中应用VLC的必要性探讨,以相关理论为指导,以自学考试教育技术学专业《教育技术学导论》课程为案例,对VLC的构建和学习活动教学设计进行研究,并将教学设计方案付诸教学实践。研究结果表明,VLC在自学考试课程学习中效果显著,自考生认识到信息技术在自学考试课程学习中的作用;学生的班级归属感增强,对自学考试课程学习态度朝着积极方向转变。     

课堂教学行为分析引论

课堂教学行为本身是一个包含多种互动要素的系统,而且具有层级性结构。课堂教学行为分析就是运用行为理论和教学原理对其构成要素及各个要素之间的关系进行分析,即要素论分析,同时对其实现单位及各个实现单位之间的内部转化关系进行分析,即过程论分析,从而进一步探明课堂教学行为在学生发展中的独特规律。进行课堂教学行为分析有三个方面的原因:教学论学科建设的需要、教学设计的需要和转化教学观念的需要。课堂教学行为分析的主要方法有课堂观察法、课堂语言行为互动分析法和人种志方法。