高校图书馆如何提高大学生信息素质

大学生的信息素质是其个人素质的重要组成部分,对其以后的发展非常重要。在阐述大学生信息素质现状的基础上,提出了大学生信息素质的基本要求,并对图书馆如何培养和提高大学生信息素质提出了策略。     

研究生全面成长与学术素养培育法则

学术素养是研究生的核心竞争力,加强我国高校研究生学术素养的培育,是提高研究生培养质量的重要举措。而在研究生成长、成才和学术素养培育过程中,导师是直接责任人,导师起到至关重要的作用。文章介绍了清华大学某一知名教授学术团队培养高素质研究生的理念、措施和学术素养培育的16字法则,以期对其他高校的研究生培养管理起到一定的借鉴作用。     

如何提升研究生学术写作素养？ ——台湾大学写作教学中心研究生学术写作训练的经验与启示

介绍了台湾大学写作教学中心的做法,即以“以写促研”为指导思想全面促进研究生学术表达能力与批判思维能力的生成,在正式课程中开设以“全体参与、多维分层、同侪磋商”为特征的规范性课程,在课外活动实践中施行包含讲座与短期工作坊、写作急诊室和三分钟学术简报在内的多元补充式教学,在制度保障上则以群体审议制度为中心,持续鼓励高水平师资践行规范性教学实践。     

Library Research Success: Designing an Online Tutorial to Teach Information Literacy Skills to First-Year Students

This article reports on a collaborative effort recently undertaken between librarians and faculty at Toronto's Seneca College to develop and implement an online, interactive tutorial for first-year business students enrolled in the College's School of Business Management. The concept for this tutorial arose when library management was approached by the Acting Chair from the College's School of Business Management to partner with them in developing a library tutorial that would be incorporated into the curriculum of this newly created course, and that would accommodate its over 600 first-year students. Library management agreed, and proposed developing a self-paced online, interactive tutorial that would utilize current Web-based technology. The primary pedagogical goals were to increase student knowledge of library resources in general, and business resources in particular, and to increase levels of information literacy and basic research skills. With the help of the College's Centre for New Technology and the Centre for Professional Development, the result was a five-module tutorial entitled Library Research Success that, in addition to its main content, also incorporated hands-on exercises at the end of each module, live connections to the Library's Web site and electronic databases, as well as two assignments, which were submitted electronically to professors at the end of the tutorial by each student, and which composed 25 percent of their final mark. Feedback from both faculty and students has been overwhelmingly positive, and efforts are currently underway to adapt this tutorial to meet the needs of other student groups within Seneca College.     

互联网使用时间对中学生学科素养的影响研究——基于互联网使用动机的视角

探讨互联网对青少年学科素养与教育发展的影响有重要的理论与实践意义。本文基于我国北京、上海、江苏和广东四省市参加的国际学生评估项目(PISA)测试数据,利用倾向得分匹配法控制了样本选择性偏误,考察了互联网使用时间对中学生学科素养的影响,并重点探讨了互联网使用动机对两者关系的调节作用。研究发现,在控制了学生心理及行为特征、学校网络环境和家庭经济社会文化背景的情况下,周一至周五上网6小时以上的学生沉迷网络,会导致其数学、阅读及科学素养显著更低。互联网使用时间通过上网娱乐动机和学习动机这两种机制作用于青少年学业发展,对学生学科素养的边际效应随着上网娱乐频率的提高而不断增强;相反,其边际效应随着上网学习频率的提高而渐趋减弱。网络沉迷的青少年群体分布出现明显的异质性,长时间沉迷网络而导致低学科素养主要存在于农村地区、家庭经济社会文化地位较低的弱势亚群体,从而导致既有的教育不平等进一步扩大,由此网络沉迷对青少年教育发展的消极影响应引起教育学界和政策制定者的重视。     

Achieving Academic Literacy: Disciplined Discourse

Concerns that students increasingly come to tertiary studies ill‐prepared for academic pursuit in the disciplines have generated a broad range of supplementary tuition in Australian Universities during the past decade. Many researchers and tertiary teachers have from experience realized that tertiary learning skills are very much context‐, or discipline‐specific. This paper is concerned with making context‐specific expectations known to students through a process of ‘showing how’, rather than ‘telling what’. Two highly specialized teaching structures were used to generate appropriate questions for students, thereby providing parameters for their search and research and ultimately, their writing in the discipline.     

Academic and Managerial Skills of Academic Deans: A self-assessment perspective

Brazilian higher education institutions face a complex and challenging environment as the national market in education is becoming more competitive. International investment, a decrease in the population of potential students, and the proliferation of innumerable small institutions add to this complexity. Organizations are becoming flatter and the key managers within them are deans. Although deans are required to act as managerial experts, they are usually selected from the teaching body of the institution. In this paper, a group of deans from a large private institution gave their self-assessment of their academic and managerial skills. The results revealed that they tend to have a high perception of their managerial skills, even though they have no previous managerial experience or formal training. This underlines that senior academic administrators cannot simply assume that deans, by the nature of their work environment, are proficient in managerial skills; neither that they can easily identify inadequacies nor have them self-corrected. To accomplish the necessary institutional changes to face the complexities of the current globalized education market, a new assessment culture has to be implemented in the academic environment.

     

高校图书馆与教师信息素养教育

信息素养概念源自图书馆素质和文献检索技能,随着对信息概念的不断深入,信息素养从传统的信息检索、存储的基本含义上升为一个涵盖广泛的综合性概念。教师信息素养是信息时代发展的必然要求,是教育改革发展的前提条件,是教师专业化发展的内在需要,而高校教师信息素养教育则是高校教师适应教育信息化发展的客观要求。高校图书馆在教师信息素养教育中具有环境优势、人才优势、技术和经验优势,通过各种途径和方式为提高教师信息素养服务。     

The Impact of an Early Literacy Initiative on the Long Term Academic Success of Diverse Students

The primary goal of the Words Work (WW) early literacy initiative was to prepare diverse students to become successful learners in school. Four groups of students were followed over 6 years: students from traditional Head Start (HS) centers, students from augmented HS centers (WW students), students eligible for HS but not enrolled (waitlist or WL), and a random sample of non-Head Start students (NHS). Students received school readiness instruction at approximately 4 years of age, and their performance on standardized tests was followed from 1st grade through 5th grade. WW students significantly outscored HS, WL, and NHS students of similar backgrounds in reading and outscored WL and NHS students in mathematics on 2nd-grade standardized assessments. In addition, WW students were able to maintain their lead through 5th grade in both reading and mathematics. Based on these results, WW is an effective HS enhancement for minimizing the achievement gap often observed between students who may be at risk for academic difficulty and students who are at low risk.     

Indirect Impact: How Early Childhood Educator Training and Coaching Impacted the Acquisition of Literacy Skills in Preschool Students

Learning to read becomes a difficult task for many children, particularly if they have not been reared in early childhood settings where literacy-based activities, interactions, or materials are prevalent. This study examined the impact that providing a college-level course in research-based instructional strategies for literacy development to early childhood educators had on the development of early reading skills in the preschool children they taught. In addition, impact on children’s rates of literacy skill attainment was examined when a coaching component (i.e., a Literacy Coach) was added.     

Reading Attitudes and Literacy Skills in Prekindergarten and Kindergarten Children

The current study addressed the development of reading attitudes and their relationship to reading skills. Forty-one prekindergarten and kindergarten learners in 1 of 3 cohorts were assessed 2 or 4 times during the course of a year. Findings indicated a slight decrease in reading attitudes during the kindergarten year. Expected increases in skills were generally indicated with pronounced increases in sight word recognition during the kindergarten year, after other skills had been mastered. Decreases in some skills were evident after summer recess. Other findings from the study and recommendations for future research and practice are provided.     

Philosophy in Primary Schools: Fostering Thinking Skills and Literacy

We read for many reasons and this paper focuses on one of those – reading for thinking. It reports on the Philosophy in Primary Schools project and argues that one of the best ways teachers can add value to their work in literacy is by incorporating philosophical discussion with children through an approach called Stories for Thinking. It outlines what ‘philosophy for children’ is and how it can be used for developing the thinking skills that underpin literacy and higher order reading skills. It argues that a Stories for Thinking approach can enrich thinking and learning in the literacy hour, and uses evidence from teachers and children to illustrate the effects of the programme on classroom practice and on raising levels of pupil achievement     

基于CBI的大学生学术英语能力培养的可行性研究

CBI(Content-based Instruction)是基于内容的语言教学理念,教学重点从学习语言本身转移到通过学科知识的学习来习得语言技能。探讨了CBI的实践模式,多角度分析验证了以内容为依托的教学模式在学术英语能力培养中的可行性和可操作性。从语言技能教学策略和知识内容教学策略两方面体现了大学生的学术英语能力培养途径。     

The Flattening of Literacy: Community Colleges and Skills Training

Community colleges occupy a contradictory position in the rise of globalization. They are at once both local and global institutions. This essay examines the complicated location of community colleges in local economies through the developing community college system in Indiana. In particular, it highlights the horizontal transitions of a growing number of students through community colleges and the impact of such transitions on the framing of literacy education.     

略谈高校图书馆员的信息素质教育

图书馆高科技的运用及信息网络化对图书馆员提出了巨大的挑战，要求图书馆员必须具备相应的信息素质，适应信息社会的需求，更好地服务于人类。     

The Home Literacy Environment and Preschool Children's Reading Skills and Interest

Research Findings: This study explored the association between the home literacy environment (HLE), conceptualized as comprising parents’ reading beliefs and home literacy practices, and preschoolers’ reading skills and reading interest. It also identified factors in the HLE that predict emerging reading competence and motivation to read. A total of 193 children age 6 years from 14 preschools across Singapore and their parents participated in the study. The parents completed a reading belief inventory, a family literacy activity inventory, and a demographic questionnaire that surveyed the child's reading interest. The children were administered a battery of standardized literacy tests. The study found a moderate relationship between the HLE and children's reading competencies and a strong relationship between the HLE and children's reading interest. When parents’ education level and children's age were controlled, hierarchical multiple regression analyses found that family literacy activities contributed more unique variance to children's reading outcomes and reading interest than did parents’ reading beliefs. Active parental involvement was the strongest component of the HLE, with parent–child engagement in reading and writing emerging as the best predictor of both the child's emerging reading skills and reading interest. With respect to reading beliefs, parents’ efficacy in supporting literacy development before their child attended school positively predicted reading competence, as did parents’ affect and verbal participation in fostering reading interest. However, verbal participation negatively predicted Singapore children's reading competence. Practice or Policy: The implications of the results were discussed.     

Home Literacy Environments and Foundational Literacy Skills for Struggling and Nonstruggling Readers in Rural Early Elementary Schools

Factors such as weak early literacy skills and living in poverty may put young students at risk for reading disabilities. While home literacy activities and access to literacy materials have been associated with positive reading outcomes for urban and suburban students, little is known about home literacy environments of rural early elementary school students living in poverty and their relationship to foundational reading skills for struggling and nonstruggling readers. This study examined how home literacy environments might relate to rural kindergarten and first grade students’ reading performance. Parents of 1,108 kindergarten and first grade students in the rural Southeast completed questionnaires on the frequency of home literacy activities and access to literacy materials. Multilevel model analyses revealed that home literacy activities and access to literacy materials were positively related to basic word reading skills, passage comprehension, and spelling. Implications for families and educators are discussed.     

Widening Participation in Higher Education Amongst Students from Disadvantaged Socio-Economic Groups

This paper, through a review of recent literature and policy documents, highlights: the rates of participation in higher education in the UK; the widening participation agenda and the potential impact of key financial changes in the funding of higher education, particularly for students from lower socio-economic groups.     

教育技术专业学生电视教材制作技能的培养

电视教材制作是一门实验教学性很强的学科。为了培养学生的实验技能，使其掌握电视制作各类设备的操作和应用．在实验教学中．必须抓住重点．改进方法．注重实验总结与改进。