知识资源论--关于知识资源管理与图书馆学的研究对象

20世纪80年代以来，图书馆学研究领域不断变化和扩大，研究对象的讨论取得了一些进展与突破。文章提出了从信息资源管理到知识资源管理研究重心的转移，从四个层面分析了图书馆学研究对象。作者以知识资源论为基础，提出了图书馆学的研究对象是知识资源，作者还就围绕新的研究对象对图书馆学研究提出一些建议。     

可获得性论的文献及相关概念

基于图书馆学的研究对象是“文献群中知识单元的可获得性”的观点，分析了图书馆学的基本过程，得出了图书馆学的基本对象是知识单元、文献单元、文献单元网络、文献、文献群，并讨论了这些概念的定义。指出了文献单元是图书馆学对文献研究的侧重点。     

面向知识的图书馆学发展新趋势

知识经济与知识社会的兴起,众多人文学科向"知识"的聚集,对图书馆学研究重心向知识转移起到了推动作用。上世纪80年代以来,我国图书馆学关于知识的研究不断增多,也取得了重要进展。图书馆学转向"知识域"将成为今后的发展趋势。这种趋势电会为图书馆学研究开辟出一系列具有潜在价值的学术富矿带。参考文献37。     

从学科发展史看我国图书馆学发展方向

文章首先从《2019年图书情报与档案管理青年学者沙龙学术共同体倡议》《新时代图书馆学教育行动倡议》分析当前我国图书馆学界的集体焦虑现象;然后以“图书馆学学科发展报告”“中国图书馆学学科史”的理论成果为基础,基于库恩关于学科发展的理论展开分析,发现我国仍然处于经验图书馆学时期,相关研究以社会热点为主,主要研究问题来自学科外部而不是学科内部。文章认为,图书馆学研究对象是发展的,不能简单地认为图书馆学的研究对象就是图书馆;图书馆学本质上是关于“知识对象”描述、序化与发现的科学;图书馆学的未来发展应该以知识为中心、以知识管理为轴心、以知识服务为重心,构建图书馆学理论体系。     

论重构图书馆学基础理论的体系

图书馆学基础理论的体系正在从面向学科转变为面向职业理念。近年来图书馆学研究了公共图书馆精神、图书馆读者权利、图书馆人文精神、信息公平与自由获取、图书馆职业理念、信息技术中的人文精神，等等。构建了一个以图书馆职业理念为核心的图书馆学基础理论系统，并探索了该体系的若干问题。     

对图书馆学研究对象"知识说"的反思——从知识之学走向智慧之学的取向

作为人类心智的产物,文献信息不仅记录着"知识"而且还记录着"智慧".图书馆学研究对象"知识说"努力构建关于"知识管理"的概念框架与操作技术,既使人类心性中的德性智慧日益被理智知识所取代,也强化了图书馆学的工具理性,从而遮蔽了其价值理性,并放弃了图书馆学的终极关怀和更高担当.图书馆学研究对象应该以"智慧"为关键词,图书馆学应该从知识之学走向智慧之学.     

知识管理与图书馆学、情报学专业教育

随着知识社会的到来，图书馆学、情报学的研究呈现出知识化趋向，以知识为中心的图书馆学情报学学科体系正在形成．图书馆学情报学专业教育也将围绕知识和知识管理进行整合与调整。     

知识管理对现代图书馆学研究内容的创新

简要回顾了现代图书馆学研究内容体系的种种观点，指出现代图书馆学研究内容体系应分为理论图书馆学与应用图书馆学两部分，并论述了知识管理对现代图书馆学研究内容体系的创新。     

图书馆学、情报学理论创新中的知识论研究

在波普尔“世界3”理论的基础上，从知识管理的角度重新认识图书馆学、情报学。重新认识图书馆的本质与价值。图书馆学、情报学正在以知识为中心进行重组和创新。图书馆学、情报学这种从文献、信息层次向知识层次的深化、演进与发展，构成了图书馆学情报学研究的知识化趋向。     

图书馆学理论的使命与担当——第六次全国图书馆学基础理论研讨会综述

第六次全国图书馆学基础理论研讨会于2011年12月15日至18日在深圳图书馆召开,会议的主题是"图书馆学理论的使命与担当"。对与会者的发言内容和会议征文的观点进行综述,认为:对图书馆学研究面向职业还是面向学科的再分析归根到底是关于图书馆学理论与图书馆工作实践关系的再探讨;图书馆学理论体系的重建与继承问题实际上是如何构造新的学科命题以及如何利用图书馆学的学术积累;技术本身就包含有人文特性,如何达到图书馆人文与技术的完美结合,还需要图书馆界不断探索;图书馆学研究需要讲究方法,进行实证研究应有规范化的流程;图书馆为了实现自身价值最大化,履行其基本责任和社会责任是必然之举。     

British Writings on Romania: From Travel Accounts to Studies

This article surveys a sample of sources of the information about Romania available to British readers in nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals. It traces first contacts between the Romanian lands and Britain after the union of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859, then after their independence from the Ottoman Empire. The article highlights an increased Romanian interest in British periodicals, which reported and reviewed Romanian literature and scholarship. The article concludes that nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals offer a great variety and wealth of new material previously unavailable or unknown to researchers. It also states that only a portion of a large quantity of this material has been indexed and is therefore available via the bibliographic sources mentioned in the article. The author argues for the need of a new and updated British-Romanian bibliography, which can draw on new online resources offering access to thousands of new newspapers and periodical records.     

Slavic Approval Plans: What Works and What Doesn't

ABSTRACT

The paper looks at library approval plans for material published in Slavic, East European, and Eurasian countries from the selector's point of view. Reasons why a selector would or would not want one are examined. Success with approval plans requires monitoring receipts, as well as good and ongoing communication among the selector, the acquistions department, and the vendor. A preliminary list of vendors offering approval plans for the countries of the region appears in the appendix.     

由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变——对武汉科技信息服务平台建设的思考

为进一步提升武汉科技信息共享服务平台使用效率,本文从平台资源建设、资源应用、供需对接方式和供需特点等方面分析了武汉科技信息资源服务现状;基于需求和利用的角度,结合平台管理实践和走访用户、问卷调查等研究方法,从信息资源需求主体和平台自身建设管理两个维度,找出制约科技资源供需对接的主要因素;以市场化和制度化为创新理念,从政策创新、机制创新、市场化服务、环境营造、人才培养等方面提出平台建设由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变的对策建议.     

Politicking for the Public Library

ABSTRACT

In today's current political environment raising support for millage renewals, bond campaigns or even millage continuations for public libraries is affected by national politics, and a tendency towards tax aversion on principle across the country. The lessons we can learn from the governing boards of small and rural public libraries are worth raising up to a greater national consciousness. Board governance, community consciousness, and facilities management are clear and logical tools that elected boards of public libraries can use to politick for support of libraries.     

Architectures of Knowledge and Literary Tradition: A History of the Almanac in Croatia

ABSTRACT

The history of the almanac in Croatia is reconstructed through primary research in bibliographic and archival sources. The almanac is a vehicle for knowledge communication in informal contexts, engaging both oral tradition and literary forms traceable to medieval literacy and ways of structuring knowledge. The history of the almanac in Croatia reflects the changing context of the book trade, literacy, and the evolution of language. Four main stages are identified: (1) the beginning of the annual almanac in the seventeenth century; astrological almanacs reflecting the sensibility of the Baroque period; (2) the Enlightenment's stimulation of almanac publishing in the spirit of contemporary secular reforms in agriculture and education; (3) nineteenth-and twentieth-century almanac trade, showing complex and overlapping networks for the production, distribution and appropriation of printed almanacs;(4) roughly the end of World War II, when the almanac slowly moved out of the role of a popular mass medium and into specialized niches represented by regional, diaspora, and religious almanacs.     

基于文献时间特征的学科主题演化分析方法研究 ——以图书情报学领域为例

在分析文献在不同研究阶段用词时间特征的倾向性基础上,提出一种基于主题模型的研究发展阶段识别方法。重点阐述该方法的构建过程,包括时间特征抽取、发展阶段界定、主题冷热变化分析等步骤。为验证该方法的有效性,针对词频统计法和主题模型方法在主题演化分析中的效果进行比较分析。结果表明,该方法能在识别主题热点和发展趋势的同时,有效地区分不同主题所反映的研究发展阶段。     

How Digital Content Resellers are Impacting Trade Book Publishing

Some key questions for publishers in today’s market are: Could Amazon’s recent merger and acquisitions strategy create a disruptive or paradigm shifting business model in the publishing industry? Do their recent actions post mergers and acquisitions illustrate a predicable pattern of behaviour that publishers can strategize around? This paper will explore these questions and look at some of the possible reasons behind Amazon’s business practices and the possible consequences to publishers.     

Germany's New Culture of Welcome—Our Libraries are an Essential Part of it

ABSTRACT

German authorities are expecting more than 1 million refugees by the end of 2015. These people come to Germany to seek protection and assistance and to build a new life, therefore it is important to welcome them and to assist them in their integration as soon as possible. This situation creates a versatile and perfectly fitting opportunity for cultural and educational programs, including libraries, which can play a vital role in this integration process. The key to integration is the knowledge of the German language, and the most important challenge now is to teach the necessary language skills to as many asylum-seekers as possible.     

Syndicating Rich Bibliographic Metadata Using MODS and RSS

Abstract

Many libraries use RSS to syndicate information about their collections to users. A survey of 65 academic libraries revealed their most common use for RSS is to disseminate information about library holdings, such as lists of new acquisitions. Even though typical RSS feeds are ill suited to the task of carrying rich bibliographic metadata, great potential exists for developing applications that can exploit metadata exposed to Web services via RSS. Using the MODS metadata format, entire catalog records can be seamlessly embedded in RSS 2.0 feeds. Existing tools, such as Library of Congress Java toolkits and XSLT stylesheets, can facilitate this process, while a new XSLT stylesheet may be used to create the RSS feeds complete with MODS records. As an example of the added functionality these MODS/RSS feeds can offer, records from a MODS-enriched RSS feed can be ingested into a non-RSS application such as Zotero. As more emerging library technologies use Web services architectures to handle data objects, the ability to syndicate catalog records will become more critical to providing innovative library Web services.     

Selling Women on PDAs from “Simply Palm” to “Audrey”: How Moore's Law Met Parkinson's Law in the Kitchen

This essay investigates key moments in the history of personal digital assistant (PDA) marketing to women. Analyzing promotional texts for three PDAs that received considerable press coverage from 1999 to 2001, this essay explores the cultural significance of the convergence of anxieties about women's place in the gendered division of labor with the computer industry's changing marketing imperatives. Drawing on an array of promotional texts, including news articles, press releases, promotional Web sites, and ads appearing in newspapers and magazines, this paper tells the story of how the computer industry aimed to sell smaller, faster computing devices to women while promising to mediate and thus reproduce women's overwork as paid and familial laborers. After experimenting with the PDA as a sexy fashionable gadget for working women, marketers approached women as mothers with “Audrey,” an Internet appliance designed for the kitchen.